Featured

• Christmas holiday effect on interdialytic weight gain in hemodialysis patients: A multicenter observational retrospective cohort study.
• Brown Fat–Activating Lipokine 12,13-diHOME in Human Milk Is Associated with Infant Adiposity.
• Completeness of Intervention Reporting of Clinical Trials Published in Highly Ranked Obesity Journals.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Scientists Say This Gut Bacteria Could Help Fight ‘Effects of Obesity’.
• Press Release: Researchers at APC Microbiome Ireland Identify Bacteria Which Promote Metabolic and Mental Health.
• Study - RCT: "In healthy overweight/obese adults, the supplementation of B. longum APC1472 strain did not change primary outcomes of BMI ... or W/H ratio..."

Contrary or Null Findings

• "Despite the large changes in behaviour there was no overall adverse effect of the lockdown with respect to obesity levels."
• Nutritional Quality of Retail Food Purchases Is Not Associated with Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Nutrition-oriented Households.
• RCT: "fasted exercise training did not improve anthropometric measurements, body composition, or blood markers compared to the fed condition after long-term exercise training."
• "Contrary to our prediction, social tolerance over food was higher in more despotic species than in less despotic species."
• "Changes in circulating SHBG do not independently predict reductions in diabetes incidence."
• Valine Supplementation Does Not Reduce Lipid Accumulation and Improve Insulin Sensitivity in Mice Fed High-Fat Diet.
• Chronic Fetal Leucine Infusion Does Not Potentiate Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion or Affect Pancreatic Islet Development in Late-Gestation Growth-Restricted Fetal Sheep.
• RCT: Four Minutes of Sprint Interval Training Had No Acute Effect on Improving Alertness, Mood, and Memory of Female Primary School Children and Secondary School Adolescents.

Basic

• KLF5 Is Induced by FOXO1 and Causes Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.
• Kdm6a Suppresses the Alternative Activation of Macrophages and Impairs Energy Expenditure in Obesity.
• Mutation in the Distal NPxY Motif of LRP1 Alleviates Dietary Cholesterol-Induced Dyslipidemia and Tissue Inflammation.
• Isoleucine Increases Muscle Mass Through Promoting Myogenesis and Intramyocellular Fat Deposition.
• Dietary Lactate Supplementation Protects Against Obesity by Promoting Adipose Browning in Mice.
• Increased Sirt1 Secreted from Visceral White Adipose Tissue Is Associated with Improved Glucose Tolerance in Obese Nrf2-Deficient Mice.
• DLK1 Expressed in Mouse Orexin Neurons Modulates Anxio-Depressive Behavior but Not Energy Balance.
• Obesity Shapes Metabolism in the Tumor Microenvironment to Suppress Anti-Tumor Immunity.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• ‘I Dropped the Ball’: Magic Bullet Falls Short of Target.
• Letter: Double-counting of Effect Sizes and Inappropriate Exclusion of Studies in “The Influence of Vitamin D Supplementation on IGF-1 Levels in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis”.
• Response: Reply to “Double-counting of Effect Sizes and Inappropriate Exclusion of Studies in “The Influence of Vitamin D Supplementation on IGF-1 Levels in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis”.
• Retraction: Slimming to the Death: Herbalife-Associated Fatal Acute Liver Failure, Heavy Metals, Toxic Compounds, Bacterial Contaminants and Psychotropic Agents in Products Sold in India. (pdf)
• After Legal Threats from Herbalife, Elsevier Journal Retracts — and Then Removes — a Paper.
• Publisher Retracts 14 Papers by Doctor Who Ran Afoul of U.S. FDA for Marketing Supplements.

Clinical

• National Lipid Association Releases Official Scientific Statement on Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring for ASCVD Risk Reduction.
• Obesity Genes and Weight Loss During Lifestyle Intervention in Children with Obesity.
• RCT: Effects of Fecal Microbiome Transfer in Adolescents with Obesity: The Gut Bugs Study.
• RCT: Brain-Responsive Neurostimulation for Loss of Control Eating: Early Feasibility Study.
• Estimation of Primary Prevention of Gout in Men Through Modification of Obesity and Other Key Lifestyle Factors.

Children and Adolescents

• A School-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Young Children: Are There Effects on Attention and Behavior?
• RCT: Time-efficient Intervention to Improve Older Adolescents’ Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Findings from the ‘Burn 2 Learn’ Study.
• Accuracy of Neck Circumference for Diagnosing Overweight in Six- and Seven-year-old Children.

Surgery

• Association of Bariatric Surgical Procedures with Changes in Unhealthy Alcohol Use Among US Veterans.
• Associations between Video Evaluations of Surgical Technique and Outcomes of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.
• Development and Assessment of a Systematic Approach for Detecting Disparities in Surgical Access.
• RCT: Effect of Intraoperative Goal-Directed Fluid Management on Tissue Oxygen Tension in Patients with Obesity.
• Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Increases Glycemic Variability and Time in Hypoglycemia in Patients with Obesity and Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Drugs

• Metformin in Diabetes and COVID-19: Boon or Bane?
• Fat-On-A-Chip Models for Research and Discovery in Obesity and Its Metabolic Comorbidities.
• Targeting Orphan Nuclear Receptors NR4As for Energy Homeostasis and Diabetes.

Food & Diet

• Effects of Zingiber Officinale Extract Supplementation on Metabolic and Genotoxic Parameters in Diet-induced Obesity in Mice.
• RCT: Effects of Conventional and Sugar-free Energy Drinks Intake in Runners.
• Lifestyle Modification Improves Insulin Resistance and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in an MHO Prepubescent Population.
• Meta-Analysis: Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and High-Density Lipoproteins in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity.
• Systematic Review: Nut Consumption for Cognitive Performance.

Caloric and Dietary Restriction

• RCT: Impact of an 8-Year Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on an Index of Multimorbidity.
• Cage Bedding Modifies Metabolic and Gut Microbiota Profiles in Mouse Studies Applying Dietary Restriction.
• A Cell Non-autonomous Mechanism of Yeast Chronological Aging Regulated by Caloric Restriction and One-carbon Metabolism.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• RCT: Exercise and Protein Effects on Strength and Function with Weight Loss in Older Women.
• Composite Measures of Physical Fitness to Discriminate between Healthy Aging and Heart Failure: The COmPLETE Study.
• Exploration of Confounding Due to Poor Health in an Accelerometer–Mortality Study.
• RCT: The Effects of Resistance Training with or Without Peanut Protein Supplementation on Skeletal Muscle and Strength Adaptations in Older Individuals.

Economics & Sociology

• Temperament, Socioeconomic Adversity, and Perinatal Risk as Related to Preschoolers’ BMI.
• Nutritional Quality of Retail Food Purchases Is Not Associated with Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Nutrition-oriented Households.
• Association of Socioeconomic Status and Overweight/Obesity in Rural-to-Urban Migrants: Different Effects by Age at Arrival.

Epidemiology

• Systematic Review: Associations between Breakfast Consumption from Childhood to Adulthood and Cardiometabolic Health.
• The Upstream Environment for the Obesity Epidemic.
• Preprint: Unwrapping the Surprisingly High Risk of Dying from Cardiovascular Disease at Christmas: The HUNT Prospective Population-based Cohort Study in Norway. (pdf)
• Low Socioeconomic Status Aggravated Associations of Exposure to Mixture of Air Pollutants with Obesity in Rural Chinese Adults.
• Genetic Associations with Temporal Shifts in Obesity and Severe Obesity During the Obesity Epidemic in Norway: A Longitudinal Population-based Cohort (the HUNT Study).
• Obesity in America, in 4 Charts.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Face the Food: Food Plating with Facial Patterns Influences Appetite and Event-related Brain Potentials.
• Reliability of Neural Food Cue-reactivity in Participants with Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery.
• The Self-perceived Body Size in Obesity: Evidence from the Implicit Representation of the Hand.
• Review: Obesity-induced Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Microvascular Perspective.
• Discrepancies between Actual Weight, Weight Perception and Weight Loss Intention Amongst Persons with NAFLD.
• Potential Role of Hypothalamic and Plasma Ghrelin in the Feeding Behavior of Obese Type 2 Diabetic Rats with Intraventricular Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Intervention.
• Multimorbidity and Depression Incidence Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China.

Equity and Disparities

• The Dynamics between the Food Environment and Residential Segregation: An Analysis of Metropolitan Areas.
• "There may be widening maternal education-based disparities in child obesity by birth cohort at some ages."
• Tackling Poverty, Treating Obesity: A ‘Whole System’ Approach.

Stigma

• A Disability-based Exploration of Psychosocial Barriers and Enablers to Accessing Dental Services for People with Clinically Severe Obesity: A Qualitative Study.
• Systematic Review: GPs' and Nurses' Perspectives on Discussing Weight with Patients with Overweight and Obesity in Primary Care.
• “It Is over There, Next to That Fat Lady”: A Qualitative Study of Fat Women’s Own Body Perceptions and Weight-related Discriminations.

Policy Related

• Diabetes and Obesity in the Child and Adolescent: Guidelines and Challenges.
• Expanding the Boundaries of Food Policy: The Turn to Equity in New York City.
• Energy Imbalance: Obesity, Associated Comorbidities, Prevention, Management and Public Health Implications.

Intergenerational Effects

• RCT: Engaging Fathers in the First 1000 days to Improve Perinatal Outcomes and Prevent Obesity: Rationale and Design.
• Maternal Diabetes and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in the Offspring: A Danish Nationwide Register-based Cohort Study.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Different Fuel Regulation in Two Types of Myofiber Results in Different Antioxidant Strategies in Daurian Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus Dauricus) During Hibernation.
• Cellular Metabolism and IL-6 Concentrations During Stimulated Inflammation in Small and Large Dog Breeds’ Primary Fibroblasts Cells, as They Age.

Methods

• Preprint: Screening & Diagnosing Errors in Longitudinal Measures of Body Size.
• AI-designed Serotonin Sensor May Help Scientists Study Sleep and Mental Health.
• Conduct of Clinical Trials in the Era of COVID-19: JACC Scientific Expert Panel.
• Statistical Issues and Recommendations for Clinical Trials Conducted During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Commentary

• Cognitive Impairment in Obesity and Diabetes.
• Should We Still Be Worried About MSG?
• The Carbohydrate Insulin Model, and Debates, Endure.
• Diverging Trends in Obesity for American Youth.
• Systematic Review: Effective and Resource-efficient Strategies for Recruiting Families in Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Nutrition, and Obesity Prevention Research.
• Editorial: Connecting the Dots between Obesity, Diabetes and Cancer.
• Economic Benefits of Promoting Safe Walking and Biking to School: Creating Momentum for Community Improvements.
• Medical Nutrition Therapy for Adults in Health Resources Services Administration-Funded Health Centers: A Call to Action.

General

• Split Sex Ratios and Genetic Relatedness in a Primitively Eusocial Sweat Bee.
• Live Events and the Sport Customer: A Sport Spectator Quality-Value-Behavior Model.
• Integrated Model for Esports Consumption Behavior.
• Fruit Flies are Essential to Science. So are the Workers Who Keep Them Alive.
• Preprint: Utility of COVID-19 Decision Rules Related to Consecutive Decline in Positivity or Hospitalizations: A Data-driven Simulation Study.
• Opting Out: Individualism and Vaccine Refusal in Pockets of Socioeconomic Homogeneity.
• This Duck's Semen Holds a Surprising Clue to Animal Evolution.
• Many Trial Volunteers Got Placebo Vaccines. Do They Now Deserve the Real Ones?

Announcements

• Share Your Science Virtually at NUTRITION 2021 LIVE ONLINE. Due February 8, 2021.
• $2.9 Million NIH Grant Will Help IU Researcher Expand Work on Subconcussive Impacts.
• IU Bloomington: 20 Photos of 2020.
• Tuesday 23 February 2021 - the Place of Nutrition in Medical Education.
• The Department of Environmental and Occupational Health at Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington (SPH-B) Invites Applications to Join the Faculty of the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health.
• School of Public Health-Bloomington to Offer New Advanced Degrees in Biostatistics in Next Academic Year.