Featured

• RCT: Effects of Alternate-day Fasting or Daily Calorie Restriction on Body Composition, Fat Distribution, and Circulating Adipokines.
• Economic Policy and the Double Burden of Malnutrition: Cross-national Longitudinal Analysis of Minimum Wage and Women's Underweight and Obesity.
• Eating When Ill is Risky: Immune Defense Impairs Food Detoxification in the Caterpillar, Manduca Sexta.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Blame Your Genes If These Popular Diets Don’t Work for You.
• Press release: Diet Success May Depend on Your DNA.
• Study: "Improving Metabolic Health Through Precision Dietetics in Mice."

Contrary or Null Findings

• Little If Any Apparent Effect of Nutrition Education with Fruit and Vegetable Supplementation on Anthropometrics of Overweight or Obese People.
• "No significant associations between fast food consumption and health outcomes were detected."
• Fast Food Diet-induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Exerts Early Protective Effect Against Acetaminophen Intoxication in Mice.
• Little Evidence for an Effect of Interventions to Change the Behaviour of Health Professionals and the Organisation of Care to Promote Weight Reduction in Children and Adults with Overweight or Obesity.
• RCT: Weight Loss in Men with Prostate Cancer Prior to Radical Prostatectomy Did Not Affect Tumor Apoptosis and Proliferation.
• "Contrary to what had been going on, this group of the sample showed decrease in the percentage of fat during the school break" from swimming training.
• Contrary to Our Expectation, Glucose Increased Tau Phosphorylation but Not O-β-GlcNAcylation.
• "Contrary to the hypothesis, indicators of parental condition, such as mother’s age, body mass index...had few statistically significant effects on infant sex at birth."

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Failing to Account for Regression to the Mean Results in Unjustified Conclusions (Letter and Reply).
• Regressing to Prove a Point.
• Response to Letter to the Editor: Mortality Due to Refeeding Syndrome? You Only Find What You Look For, and You Only Look for What You Know.
• Correcting the Cut-off Point of Hemoglobin at High Altitude Favors Misclassification of Anemia, Erythrocytosis and Excessive Erythrocytosis.
• Letter: The Neglected Analgesic Properties of Red Pepper in the Clinical Management of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Pain-Authors' Reply.
• Obesity: Focus on Ongoing Multidisciplinary and Comprehensive Research.

Basic

• Regulation of Carbohydrate Energy Metabolism in Drosophila.
• Short-term Overfeeding of Zebrafish with Normal or High-fat Diet as a Model for the Development of Metabolically Healthy Versus Unhealthy Obesity.
• Time-Restricted Feeding Alters the Innate Immune Response to Bacterial Endotoxin in Male Mice.
• Glucocorticoids Reprogram Beta Cell Signaling to Preserve Insulin Secretion in Rodent and Human Beta Cells.
• Obesity and Obesogenic Growth are Both Highly Heritable and Modified By Diet in a Nonhuman Primate Model, the African Green Monkey.
• Body Fat Affects Mouse Reproduction, Ovarian Hormone Release, Adn Response to Follicular Stimulating Hormone.

Clinical

• Perceived Factors Influencing Hospital-based Primary Care Clinic Referrals to Community Health Medical Nutrition Therapy: An Exploratory Study.
• Comparison Among Criteria to Define Successful Weight-loss Maintainers and Regainers in the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) and Diabetes Prevention Program Trials.
• RCT: Neuromodulation Directed at the Prefrontal Cortex of Subjects with Obesity Reduces Snack Food Intake and Hunger.
• Nutrition Counseling in Clinical Practice How Clinicians Can do Better.

Children and Adolescents

• Obesity in Elementary School Children After the Great East Japan Earthquake.
• Cultural Hair Practices, Physical Activity, and Obesity Among Urban African-American Girls.
• The Initiation of Metabolic Inflammation in Childhood Obesity.
• Bedtime Use of Technology and Associated Sleep Problems in Children.

Surgery

• RCT: The Effect of Protein Supplementation on Body Muscle Mass and Fat Mass in Qataris Post-bariatric Surgery.
• Resolution of Symptomatic Obstructive Sleep Apnea Not Impacted By Preoperative BMI, Choice of Bariatric Surgery, or Severity.
• Contraception, Menstruation, and Sexuality After Bariatric Surgery.

Drugs

• Effect of Diazepam and Bicuculline in Body Weight Regulation: Possible Role of GABA Type a Receptor.
• Co-administration of APD668, a G Protein-coupled Receptor 119 Agonist and Linagliptin, a DPPIV Inhibitor, Prevents Progression of Steatohepatitis in Mice Fed on a High Trans-fat Diet.
• Comparison Between SGLT2 Inhibitors and Pioglitazone as Additions to Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review with an Indirect Comparison Meta-analysis.
• Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Diabetes and Obesity Drugs: Implications for Conditional Approval and Early Phase Clinical Development.

Food & Diet

• Impact of Ramadan Fasting on Glucose Levels in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Diet Alone or Diet Plus Metformin: A Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study.
• Effects of a Junk-food Diet on the Rat Gut Microbiome.
• RCT: An Online Intervention Comparing a Very Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Versus a Plate Method Diet in Overweight Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.
• A Ketone Ester Drink Lowers Human Ghrelin and Appetite.

Caloric Restriction

• Glucose Tolerance and Triglyceridemia Improves During Acute Caloric Restriction Without Changes in SBP in Obese, Insulin Resistant Rats.
• The Type of Dietary Fat and Dietary Energy Restriction Affects the Activity of the Desaturases in the Liver Microsomes.
• Intermittent Food Restriction in Female Rats Induces SREBP High-expression in Hypothalamus and Immediately Post-fasting Hyperphagia.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Interventions to Promote Physical Activity for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities.
• Perspectives on High-intensity Interval Exercise for Health Promotion in Children and Adolescents.
• Physical Activity and Family-based Obesity Treatment: A Review of Expert Recommendations on Physical Activity in Youth.
• Aerobic Training but No Resistance Training Increases SIRT3 in Skeletal Muscle of Sedentary Obese Male Adolescents.
• Exercise Increases Rho-kinase Activity and Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle.

Economics & Sociology

• The Neighborhood Environment and Obesity: Understanding Variation By Race/ethnicity.
• Cohort-based Income Gradients in Obesity Among U.S. Adults.
• Walkable Neighborhoods and Obesity: Evaluating Effects with a Propensity Score Approach.
• Association Between Individual and Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Factors and Masticatory Efficiency.
• Biosociocultural Factors and Motivation to Lose Weight Among Obese African American Women.
• Dietary Acculturation and Obesity in African Immigrant Adults.

Epidemiology

• Infection, but Not Antibiotic Use, During Infancy Associated with Childhood Obesity.
• Contraception, Menstruation, and Sexuality After Bariatric Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.
• Weight and Veterans' Environments Study (WAVES) I and II: Rationale, Methods, and Cohort Characteristics.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Obese and Overweight Individuals are Less Sensitive to Information About Meal Times in Portion Size Judgements.
• Neurobiological Evidence for Attention Bias to Food, Emotional Dysregulation, Disinhibition and Deficient Somatosensory Awareness in Obesity with Binge Eating Disorder.
• Adding Personalized Feedback Provides Limited Additional Benefits Compared to Standard Web-Based Weight Loss Maintenance Program.

Equity and Disparities

• Strategies to Reduce Disparities in Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: The Role of Obesity and Metabolic Disease.
• Systemic F2-Isoprostane Levels in Predisposition to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Emphasis on Racial Differences.
• American Indians' Perceptions of Obesity and Its Effects on Healthy Lifestyles.
• Segmented Assimilation: An Approach to Studying Acculturation and Obesity Among Latino Adults in the United States.
• Association Between Sleep Timing, Obesity, Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Cohort Study.

Ethics

• Free to Consume? Anti-Paternalism and the Politics of New York City’s Soda Cap Saga.
• Snakes and Ladders: State Interventions and the Place of Liberty in Public Health Policy.
• Taxing Sugar-Sweetened Beverages to Lower Childhood Obesity.
• The Untapped Power of Soda Taxes: Incentivizing Consumers, Generating Revenue, and Altering Corporate Behavior.

Stigma

• Commentary: How to Communicate About Obesity Without Promoting Stigma.
• Physician BMI and Bias Toward Obesity Documentation Patterns.

Policy Related

• The Curious History of the Calorie in U.S. Policy: A Tradition of Unfulfilled Promises.
• Reconsidering the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program as Community Development.
• Inequality and Childhood Overweight and Obesity: A Commentary.
• Community Perspectives on the Use of Regulation and Law for Obesity Prevention in Children: A Citizens’ Jury.
• Commentary: Why a Lot of Important Research is Not Being Done.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal Consumption of High-fat Diet in Mice Alters Hypothalamic Notch Pathway, NPY Cell Population and Food Intake in Offspring.
• Altered Bioenergetics Profile in Umbilical Cord and Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Newborns of Obese Women.
• Maternal Dietary Intakes of Refined Grains During Pregnancy and Growth Through the First 7 Y of Life Among Children Born to Women with Gestational Diabetes.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Simple Observations with Complex Implications: What We Have Learned and Can Learn About Parental Care From a Frog that Feeds Its Young.
• Mechanisms Underlying Maternal Care in a Viviparous Snake, Sistrurus Miliarius: Does Maternal Body Condition, Corticosterone, or Arginine Vasotocin Mediate Post-birth Maternal Investment?
• "Escaping narwhals displayed a paradoxical cardiovascular down-regulation ... superimposed on exercise up-regulation ... and energetic costs three to six times the resting rate of energy expenditure...".
• Sex Differences in Androgen Regulation of Metabolism in Nonhuman Primates.
• Maintenance of Distal Intestinal Structure in the Face of Prolonged Fasting: A Comparative Examination of Species From Five Vertebrate Classes. (pdf)

Methods

• The PhysioCam: A Novel Non-Contact Sensor to Measure Heart Rate Variability in Clinical and Field Applications.
• A Two-stage Model for Wearable Device Data.
• Detection of Gene–environment Interactions in a Family-based Population Using SCAD.

Commentary

• Setting a Goal to Reverse Type 2 Diabetes.

General

• Ivan Oransky Testifies on Research Integrity to the UK Parliament Science and Technology Committee, Alongside C.K. Gunsalus.
• Children’s Environmental Chemical Exposures in the USA, NHANES 2003–2012.
• The PPARα-dependent Rodent Liver Tumor Response is Not Relevant to Humans: Addressing Misconceptions.
• Arsenic Exposure in Relation to Ischemic Stroke.
• Health Disparities in Appalachia.

Holiday Weight Gain

• Effect of the Holiday Season on Weight Gain: A Narrative Review.
• Ability to Adjust Nocturnal Fat Oxidation in Response to Overfeeding Predicts 5-year Weight Gain in Adults.
• Weight Gain Over the Holidays in Three Countries.
• Measures of Diet Quality Across Calendar and Winter Holiday Seasons Among Midlife Women: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study Using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Recall.
• A Prospective Study of Holiday Weight Gain.
• What Have Human Experimental Overfeeding Studies Taught Us About Adipose Tissue Expansion and Susceptibility to Obesity and Metabolic Complications?

Announcements

• Dr. Kathryn Ross, Asst Professor at the University of Florida College, Won First Place in the Obesity Society’s Lightning Talk Competition.
• UAB Seeks Post-doctoral Fellows for Its AHA Strategically Focused Research Center – Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.
• UAB’s NORC seeks post-doctoral fellows in obesity research.
• Research Position at Boston Children’s Hospital – Collaborate with Researchers at IU and UAB.