12/11/20
Featured
- Do Lower-Carbohydrate Diets Increase Total Energy Expenditure? An Updated and Reanalyzed Meta-Analysis of 29 Controlled-Feeding Studies.
- Similar Foraging Energetics of Two Sympatric Albatrosses Despite Contrasting Life Histories and Wind-mediated Foraging Strategies.
Headline vs Study
- Headline: Obesity Drives Breast Cancer Risk for Black Women.
- Press-release: Study Finds Obesity Contributes to 40% Mortality Gap between Black and White Women with Early Breast Cancer.
- Study: Associations Among Obesity, Comorbidities, and Treatment Selection in Black and White Women with Early Breast Cancer.
Contrary or Null Findings
- RCT: "This study showed that physical exercise interventions did not enhance executive functioning in children."
- "There were only minimal associations of DNA methylation with childhood and adolescent BMI. …These findings may be compatible with the hypothesis that DNA methylation differences are mostly a consequence rather than a cause of obesity."
- Attenuated Early Pregnancy Weight Gain by Prenatal Lifestyle Interventions Does Not Prevent Gestational Diabetes in the LIFE-Moms Consortium.
- "The failure to find a relationship between parental feeding synchrony and nest survival seems exceptional because it is contrary to findings of previous studies."
- RCT: Few Structural Brain Changes Associated with Moderate-Intensity Interval Training and Low-Intensity Continuous Training in Older Adults.
- RCT: "The macronutrient composition of an isoenergetic WM diet did not affect fasting appetite-related hormone concentrations."
- RCT: Habitual Caffeine Consumption Does Not Affect the Ergogenicity of Coffee Ingestion During a 5 Km Cycling Time Trial.
- RCT: "A hypocaloric high-protein diet along with fennel supplementation could not provide additional improvements in anthropometric and androgen indices among PCOS women."
- RCT: No Consistent Statistically Significant Effect at 5-Year Follow-Up of a Telephone Intervention to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Preschoolers: The ‘Healthy Habits’ Trial.
Basic
- Whole Red Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus)-Enriched Diet Is Hepatoprotective in the Obese Zucker Rat, a Model of the Metabolic Syndrome.
- Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission and INOS in the Dorsal Vagal Complex Protects from Overeating and Weight Gain.
- Gamma-Oryzanol as a Possible PPAR-γ Agonist in Adipose Tissue May Represent a Coadjutant Therapeutic to Prevent Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 Patients with Obesity.
- Intercellular Mitochondria Transfer to Macrophages Regulates White Adipose Tissue Homeostasis and Is Impaired in Obesity.
- Sex Differences in Macrophage Responses to Obesity-Mediated Changes Determine Migratory and Inflammatory Traits.
- How Targeting Fat Cells’ Estrogen Receptors Could Fight Obesity.
Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue
- Retraction Note: Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Socio-demographic and Lifestyle Factors in Tasmanian Older Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.
- Republished: Longitudinal Associations of Dietary Patterns with Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors in Older Adults: The TASOAC Study.
- Editorial: "...we commend the authors’ intellectual honesty..."
- Letter: Covid-19 and Vit-D: Disease Mortality Negatively Correlates with Sunlight Exposure.
- Reply: Response to Naudet et al.
Clinical
- RCT: Post-weight Loss Changes in Fasting Appetite- and Energy Balance-related Hormone Concentrations and the Effect of the Macronutrient Content of a Weight Maintenance Diet.
- Meta-analysis: Effects of Capsicum Annuum Supplementation on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome.
- Meta-analysis: The Effect of the Magnitude of Weight Loss on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
- Feasibility of a Digital Health Intervention to Improve Diet Quality Among Women with High Blood Pressure.
Children and Adolescents
- Obesogenic Environment and Childhood Obesity.
- Systematic Review: Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Is There a Universally Accepted Definition? Does It Matter?
Surgery
- Bariatric Surgery for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Requiring Insulin: Clinical Outcome and Cost-effectiveness Analyses.
- Review: Immunometabolism, Micronutrients, and Bariatric Surgery: The Use of Transcriptomics and Microbiota-Targeted Therapies.
- Does Postoperative Oral and Intestinal Microbiota Correlate with the Weight-Loss Following Bariatric Surgery?—A Cohort Study.
Drugs
- FDA Approves Saxenda® for the Treatment of Obesity in Adolescents Aged 12-17.
- Commentary: Pfizer COVID Vaccine: Equally Effective with Obesity.
- The Potential of Resveratrol to Act as a Caloric Restriction Mimetic Appears to Be Limited: Insights from Studies in Mice.
- Enoxacin Induces Oxidative Metabolism and Mitigates Obesity by Regulating Adipose Tissue MiRNA Expression.
Food & Diet
- Meta-analysis of RCTs: The Impact of Low Advanced Glycation End Products Diet on Metabolic Risk Factors.
- Ultra-processed Food Consumption and Indicators of Obesity in the United Kingdom Population (2008-2016).
- Effect of a Low-Fat Vegan Diet on Body Weight, Insulin Sensitivity, Postprandial Metabolism, and Intramyocellular and Hepatocellular Lipid Levels in Overweight Adults.
- Longer Time Spent at Home During COVID-19 Pandemic Is Associated with Binge Drinking Among US Adults.
- Metabolic Syndrome Features and Excess Weight Were Inversely Associated with Nut Consumption After 1-Year Follow-Up in the PREDIMED-Plus Study.
- Enhanced Weight and Fat Loss from Long-term Intermittent Fasting in Obesity-prone, Low-fitness Rats.
Caloric and Dietary Restriction
- A Hypoenergetic Diet with Decreased Protein Intake Does Not Reduce Lean Body Mass in Trained Females.
- Review: Still Living Better Through Chemistry: An Update on Caloric Restriction and Caloric Restriction Mimetics as Tools to Promote Health and Lifespan.
Exercise & Physical Activity
- Maternal BMI, Change in Weight Status from Childhood to Late Adulthood and Physical Activity in Older Age.
- Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity Duration Is More Important Than Timing for Physical Function in Older Adults.
Economics & Sociology
- Social Determination, Health Selection or Indirect Selection? Examining the Causal Directions between Socioeconomic Status and Obesity in the Chinese Adult Population.
- Economic Preferences and Obesity: Evidence from a Clinical Lab-in-Field Experiment. (PDF)
Epidemiology
- Increases in Prepregnancy Obesity: United States, 2016–2019.
- Height and Body-mass Index Trajectories of School-aged Children and Adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 Countries and Territories.
- Examining the Obesity Paradox: A Moderating Effect of Fitness on Adipose Endocrine Function in Older Adults.
- Sex Differences in the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Associated with Type 2 Diabetes.
Psychology & Neuroscience
- Narrative review: Sleep Extension: A Potential Target for Obesity Treatment.
- Higher HbA1c Levels Associate with Lower Hippocampal Serotonin Transporter Availability in Non-diabetic Adults with Obesity.
Equity and Disparities
- The Impacts of Racism and Bias on Black People Pursuing Careers in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Proceedings of a Workshop.
- Food over Fear: Overcoming Barriers to Connect Latinx Immigrant Families to Federal Nutrition and Food Programs.
- Income-based Inequality of Adolescent Obesity in Australia.
- Obesity, Comorbidities, and Treatment Selection in Black and White Women with Early Breast Cancer.
- Weighing the Influence of Race and Obesity on Outcomes in Patients with Early-stage Breast Cancer.
- Trends in Hypertension Clinical Trials Focused on Interventions Specific for Black Adults.
Stigma
- Does Promoting Positive Body Image to a Friend Affect One’s Own Positive Body Image?
- Attitudes and Beliefs in Swedish Midwives and Obstetricians Towards Obesity and Gestational Weight Management.
- Body Appreciation and Appearance Evaluation in Individuals with Obesity Compared to Individuals with Normal-weight: Findings from a Representative German Population Sample.
Policy Related
- State of Obesity 2020: Better Policies for a Healthier America Congressional Briefing.
- Global Epidemics of Obesity and Diabetes: A Renewed Call for Action. (PDF)
Intergenerational Effects
- Moving Down the Energy Ladder: Average In-utero Temperature and Fuel Choice in Adulthood. (PDF)
- Maternal Obesity Is Associated with a Sex-specific Epigenetic Programming in Human Neonatal Monocytes.
- Parental Consumption of Ultra-processed, High-fat Products Has No Association with Childhood Overweight/obesity: An Epidemiological Study Among 10–12-years-old Children in Greece.
- Maternal GDM Status, Genetically Determined Blood Glucose, and Offspring Obesity Risk: An Observational Study.
Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics
- RCT: Nitrogen Recycling Buffers Against Ammonia Toxicity from Skeletal Muscle Breakdown in Hibernating Arctic Ground Squirrels.
- Blood as Fuel: The Metabolic Cost of Pedestrian Locomotion in Rhodnius Prolixus.
- Energetic Scaling Across Different Host Densities and Its Consequences for Pathogen Proliferation.
- Urbanization-driven Climate Change Increases Invertebrate Lipid Demand, Relative to Protein—A Response to Dehydration.
Methods
- Measuring Perceptions of Social Environments for Walking: A Scoping Review of Walkability Surveys.
- Development of a National Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire for EFNEP Adult Participants.
Mathematical and Quantitative
- Modeling Obesity in Norway (The MOON Study): A Decision-Analytic Approach—Prevalence, Costs, and Years of Life Lost.
- A Health Inequality Impact Assessment from Reduction in Overweight and Obesity.
- Optimal Speed in Thoroughbred Horse Racing.
- Risk Prediction Model of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Based on Nomogram in a Chinese Population Cohort Study.
Commentary
- Lonely Brains Crave People Like Hungry Brains Crave Food.
- Do Cooler Temperatures Really Help with Weight Loss?
- Fruit and Cocoa Flavanols Improve Mental Agility in Human Study.
- Adult Obesity and Its Complications a Pediatric Disease?
- Lipoprotein (a) and Diabetes Mellitus Causes and Consequences.
- Promoting Regular Exercise as a Path to Obesity Treatment. (PDF)
- Liver Fat Storage Pathways Methodologies and Dietary Effects.
- "Fat poets speak: poetry about (some) fat women’s experiences with oppression."
General
- Questionable Utility of the Relative Risk in Clinical Research: A Call for Change to Practice.
- Photosynthesis: On the Art of Stealing Chloroplasts.
- ‘It Will Change Everything’: DeepMind’s AI Makes Gigantic Leap in Solving Protein Structures.
- Vaccines for a Common Pet Problem Could Help Save This Big Cat from Extinction.
- Science News in Brief: from Lizards Re-evolving Legs to How Octopuses Taste with Their Arms.
- Preprint: RCT: Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation vs Placebo on Hospital Length of Stay in Patients with Severe COVID-19.
- Folic Acid Supplementation in the Gestational Phase of Female Rats Improves Age-related Memory Impairment and Neuroinflammation in Their Adult and Aged Offspring.
- Peer Review: Implementing a "publish, then review" model of publishing.
Video & Audio
- Webinar: The Place of Nutrition in Medical Education.
- Video: Probiotics: The Friendly Bacteria.
- Podcast: Gerald Shulman, M.D., Ph.D.: A Masterclass on Insulin Resistance—molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.
Announcements
- IU Bloomington leads nationwide study into COVID-19 infection, reinfection, immunity backed by philanthropic investment.
- Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior Is Accepting Abstracts.
- Workshop: Promising Practices and Innovative Programs in the Responsible Conduct of Research.
- The Department of Environmental and Occupational Health at Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington (SPH-B) Invites Applications to Join the Faculty of the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health.
- IU Bloomington School of Public Health to Offer New Advanced Degrees in Biostatistics in Next Academic Year.