Note: Several links this week led to a UAB login page. These links have been fixed, and noted with 'updated link' below.

Featured

• Calorie Estimation in Adults Differing in Body Weight Class and Weight Loss Status.
• Search for an Endogenous Bombesin-Like Receptor 3 (BRS-3) Ligand Using Parabiotic Mice.
• Brain Stimulation Limits Calories Consumed in Adults with Obesity.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Obesity and Diabetes Increase Bone Fracture Risk.
• Study: Differences in Bone Characteristics Among Hyperphagic Male Rats with or Without Exercise vs Non-hyperphagic Control Rats.

Contrary or Null Findings

• "Our findings provide little evidence for benefits of dietary diversity for either waist circumference or T2D [type 2 diabetes]."
• No Significant Effect of the Kidquest Childhood Obesity Prevention Program on BMI in 5th and 6th Grade Children.
• Obesity is Not Associated with Increased Short-term Complications After Primary Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.
• RCT: No Significant Effect of Individualized Exercise Training at Maximal Fat Oxidation Combined with Fruit and Vegetable-Rich Diet in Overweight or Obese Women on Body Composition.
• "This meta-analysis provides evidence that abdominal lipectomy in females does not affect significantly the components of metabolic syndrome and insulin sensitivity."
• RCT: No Significant Effects of High-Intensity Hatha Yoga on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Students. (updated link).
• Current Evidence Cannot Support an Exact Anti-obesity Role of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) in Overweight/obese Subjects.

Basic

• Chewing the Fat: Lipid Metabolism and Homeostasis During M. Tuberculosis Infection. (updated link).
• Consuming Sweets Forms Memories that May Control Eating Habits, Neuroscience Study Finds.
• Cocoa Powder, Cocoa Extract and Epicatechin Attenuate Hypercaloric Diet-induced Obesity Through Enhanced β-oxidation and Energy Expenditure in White Adipose Tissue.
• Influence of Nutrient Restriction and Melatonin Supplementation of Pregnant Ewes on Maternal and Fetal Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes and Insulin-containing Clusters.
• Apelin Targets Gut Contraction to Control Glucose Metabolism Via the Brain. (updated link).
• Knockdown of Neuropeptide Y in the Dorsomedial Hypothalamus Reverses High Fat Diet-induced Obesity and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Rats.
• Body Composition QTLs Identified in Intercross Populations are Reproducible in Consomic Mouse Strains.
• Behavioral Characterization of a Model of Differential Susceptibility to Obesity Induced By Standard and Personalized Cafeteria Diet Feeding.
• Microbiota Depletion Promotes Browning of White Adipose Tissue and Reduces Obesity. (updated link).
• Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-1β Suppresses Cold-induced Thermogenesis in Adipocytes. (updated link).
• Immune Mechanisms Linking Obesity and Preeclampsia.
• Association Between Genetic Variants of the Clock Gene and Obesity and Sleep Duration. (updated link).

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Food Article Pulled When Authors Can’t Serve Up Data.
• Why Disclosure Statements are Meaningless.
• Nutritionist Group Pulls Position Statement on Vegetarian Diets for “inaccuracies and Omissions.”
• Retraction: LA Sprouts Randomized Controlled Nutrition, Cooking and Gardening Program Reduces Obesity and Metabolic Risk in Latino Youth.

Surgery

• Effect of the EndoBarrier Gastrointestinal Liner on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
• Bariatric Surgery Versus Medications in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

Drugs

• Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Among Users of Second Generation Antipsychotics: A Global Challenge for Modern Psychopharmacology.
• Rhythm Presents Data From Phase 1b Study of Setmelanotide for the Treatment of Genetic Obesity.
• RCT: Exenatide in Obesity with Accelerated Gastric Emptying.

Food & Diet

• The 6,000-Calorie Diet.
• Low-calcium Diet Prevents Fructose-induced Hyperinsulinemia and Ameliorates the Response to Glucose Load in Rats.
• Alone at the Table: Food Behavior and the Loss of Commensality in Widowhood.
• RCT: Short-term Effects of a Hypocaloric Diet with Low Glycemic Index and Low Glycemic Load on Body Adiposity, Metabolic Variables, Ghrelin, Leptin, and Pregnancy Rate in Overweight and Obese Infertile Women.
• Effect of the Natural Sweetener, Steviol Glycoside, on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials.
• RCT: Efects of Soy Flour Fortified Bread Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Factors According to APOE Genotypes in Overweight and Obese Adult Women: A Cross-over Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. 
• Dietary Fat Intake and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-cause Mortality in a Population at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. (updated link).
• Association of Coffee Consumption with Total Cause-Specific Mortality in Three Large Prospective Cohorts.

Caloric Restriction

• Exercise Training and Caloric Restriction Reduce Adiposity Index and Hepatic Lipids in Obese Rats.
• The Conserved Role of Protein Restriction in Aging and Disease.
• Exogenous Progesterone Exacerbates Running Response of Adolescent Female Mice to Repeated Food Restriction Stress By Changing α4-GABAA Receptor Activity of Hippocampal Pyramidal Cells.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Pediatric Obesity Prevention: From Naïve Examination of Energy Imbalance Towards Strategies that Influence the Competition for Nutrient Resources Among Tissues.
• IOM Report: Physical Activity: Moving Toward Obesity Solutions: Workshop Summary.
• Cost Effectiveness of a Mail-delivered Individually Tailored Physical Activity Intervention for Latinas Vs. A Mailed Contact Control.
• Exercise is Medicine. At Any Dose?
• A Systematic Review of Economic Analyses of Active Transport Interventions that Include Physical Activity Benefits.
• Psychosocial Factors Associated with Physical Activity in Older Adults.
• Low Levels of Physical Activity are Associated with Dysregulation of Energy Intake and Fat Mass Gain Over 1 Year. (updated link).

Economics & Sociology

• The Impact of Acculturation Level on Weight Status and Weight Outcomes in Hispanic Children.
• The Relationship Between Childhood Obesity, Low Socioeconomic Status, and Race/Ethnicity: Lessons From Massachusetts.
• Emotion in Obesity Discourse: Understanding Public Attitudes Towards Regulations for Obesity Prevention. (updated link).

Epidemiology

• Among Adolescent Girls Assessed a Tendency to Consume Processed or Sweet High-fat Foods ‘competed’ with a Tendency to Drink Alcohol.
• Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Aboriginal Populations in Canada: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
• Obesity is Associated with Low NAD+/SIRT Pathway Expression in Adipose Tissue of BMI-discordant Monozygotic Twins.
• Maternal Obesity and Gestational Weight Gain are Risk Factors for Infant Death.
• The Fat Mass and Obesity-associated (FTO) Gene Variant Rs9939609 Predicts Long-term Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease and Related Death Independent of the Traditional Risk Factors.

Psychology

• Childhood Obesity and Delayed Gratification Behavior: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies.
• Towards a Comprehensive Framework for the Psychological Mechanisms of Obesity and Overeating.
• Neuromodulation Targeted to the Prefrontal Cortex Induces Changes in Energy Intake and Weight Loss in Obesity. (updated link).
• Eating Heavily: Men Eat More in the Company of Women.

Equity and Disparities

• Proposing Access to Urban Green Spaces as an Indicator of Health Inequalities Among Children:Matilda Annerstedt.
• The Healthy Weight Disparity Index: Why We Need It to Solve the Obesity Crisis.

Stigma

• Derogating Obese Individuals: The Role of Blame, Contempt, and Disgust.
• Obese Adults’ Perceptions of News Reporting on Obesity.
• Toddlers’ Bias to Look at Average Versus Obese Figures Relates to Maternal Anti-fat Prejudice.

Policy Related

• Local Obesity and Corporate Policies.
• Anglo-American Comparison of Employers' Liability for Discrimination in Employment Based on Weightism.
• Cancer, Obesity, and Legitimation of Suggested Lifestyles: A Libertarian Paternalism Approach.
• Overweight and Obesity in India: Policy Issues From an Exploratory Multi-level Analysis.
• Promoting Public Health in the Context of the "Obesity Epidemic": False Starts and Promising New Directions.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal High-fat Diet and Obesity Impact Palatable Food Intake and Dopamine Signaling in Nonhuman Primate Offspring. 
• Maternal Obesity Disrupts the Methionine Cycle in Baboon Pregnancy.
• Modelling Maternal Obesity: The Effects of a Chronic High–fat, High-cholesterol Diet on Uterine Expression of Contractile Associated Proteins and Ex-vivo Contractile Activity During Labour in the Rat.
• The Direction of Cross Obesity After Puberty in Male but Not Female Offspring.
• The Role of Maternal Dietary Proteins in Development of Metabolic Syndrome in Offspring.
• Transgenerational Plasticity and Environmental Stress: Do Paternal Effects Act as a Conduit or a Buffer?

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Mitochondrial Phenotype of Marsupial Torpor: Fuel Metabolic Switch in the Chilean Mouse–opossum Thylamys Elegans.
• How Regulation Based on a Common Stomach Leads to an Economic Optimization of Honeybee Foraging.

Methods

• Prediction of Percent Body Fat Measurements in Americans 8 Years and Older.
• Validation of Accelerometer Thresholds and Inclinometry for Measurement of Sedentary Behavior in Young Adult University Students.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• Novel Anthropometry-Based Calculation of the Body Heat Capacity in the Korean Population.
• Costs of Foraging Predispose Animals to Obesity-Related Mortality When Food is Constantly Abundant.

Commentary

• Wine Tasting and Objectivity.
• Confused About Saturated Fats & Cholesterol?
• How Obesity Matters More than BMI.
• How the Western Diet Has Derailed Our Evolution.
• Illusions and "Troubled Senses" of Body Dysmorphic Disorder.
• Mechanics of Eating: Why You'll Miss Flavor If You Scarf Your Food.
• On Government Dietary Information.
• Food and Health: What We Assume and What We Know.
• Forget Sugar, Maybe Groupthink Causes Obesity.
• Filtered News on Bariatric Surgery for Teens.
• On Government Dietary Information.
• FDA Takes Action to Protect Consumers From Potentially Dangerous Dietary Supplements.
• ObesityWeek 2015: Top Ten to Take Home.

General

• Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with 1-Hour Glucose Challenge Test ≥ 200 Mg/dL.
• The Prevalence of Statistical Reporting Errors in Psychology (1985–2013).
• Opening Clinical Trial Data: Are the Voluntary Data-sharing Portals Enough? (updated link).
• Authorship: An Evolving Concept in Scientific and Medical Publishing.
• COPE Publication Ethics in Practice: New and Revised Flowcharts. 
• Editorial: Penalty Too Light.
• Landmark Blood Pressure Study, Published By NEJM, Confirms Benefits of Lower Blood Pressure.
• Probability and Manipulation: Evolution and Simulation in Applied Population Genetics.
• New Seminar Series to Showcase Work of Women in Science.
• Public Perceptions of Expert Disagreement: Bias and Incompetence or a Complex and Random World?
• Reproducibility Crisis: The Plot Thickens.
• Replication in Psychological Science.

Video & Audio

• Vidoe Lectures From the 11th Nestlé International Nutrition Symposium.
• Disparities in Early Childhood Obesity: Risk Factors and Possible Solutions.

Announcements

• Dr. Kristi Crowe-White Has Been Selected as the 2015 Recipient of the HES Leadership Board Excellence in Scholarly Research Award.
• Data-Gathering Workshop for the Committee on Evaluating Approaches to Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity: Workshop in Brief.
• UAB’s New Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging Announces the Availability of Up to Three $25,000 Pilot/feasibility Grants in the Comparative And/or Energetics of Aging - Eligible for Those Within and Beyond UAB.