Obituary

• An Esteemed and Much-Loved Leader of the Nutrition Science Community Passes: Dr. Gilbert A. Leveille (1934-2019).

Featured

• Free Trade Agreements and World Obesity.
• Meta-analysis: Effect of Calorie Restriction or Protein Intake on Circulating Levels of Insulin Like Growth Factor I in Humans.
• Adenovirus 36 Improves Glycemic Control and Markers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Outdoor Exercise Better at Reducing Stress, New Study Suggests.
• Study: "Engagement in outdoor exercise did not per se lead to more beneficial changes than engagement in exercise sessions indoors."

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: Kindergarten-based health promotion programme "...shows a significant positive intervention effect [on BMI] (p ≤ 0.04), however, once controlled for migration background, this effect was lost..."
• RCT: "These results do not confirm our previous conclusions that recommended not performing VS [viscosupplementation] in obese patients with severe knee OA."
• "The study also explored gender effects and hypothesised that gender would moderate the relationship between academic burnout and disordered [eating] behaviour. However, this hypothesis was not supported."
• "We found no associations of FM and FFM growth [in infancy] with any of the other studied cardiometabolic markers including glucose, HbA1c, insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, and blood pressure" at 5-year follow up.
• RCT: "Comparing food waste data in the treatment and control groups, we found no statistically significant evidence of either increased selection or consumption of fruits and vegetables in the treatment group."
• RCT: No Significant Effects of Motivational Interviewing as a Supplement to Incentives for Increasing and Maintaining Physical Activity in an Undergraduate Course.
• "Findings did not support the reciprocal effects model of physical self-concept and PA enjoyment as hypothesized."
• "Contrary to the normalization hypothesis, findings indicate that a comparatively high prevalence of obesity like in the US is associated with a higher level of obesity stigma."
• "Evidence suggests that increasing omega-3, omega-6, or total PUFA has little or no effect on prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus."
• RCT: Gluten Does Not Induce Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Volunteers.
• No Evidence for Association of BMI with Salivary Amylase Gene Copy Number in the UK 1958 Birth Cohort.

Basic

• Response of the Bacterial Community of Propylea Japonica (Thunberg) to Cry2Ab Protein.
• Energy Metabolism and Mitochondrial Superoxide Anion Production in Pre-symptomatic Striatal Neurons Derived From Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Expressing Mutant Huntingtin.
• Human Brown Adipose Tissue is Phenocopied By Classical Brown Adipose Tissue in Physiologically Humanized Mice.
• Dietary Intake Regulates the Circulating Inflammatory Monocyte Pool.
• Myocardial Dysfunction After Severe Food Restriction is Linked to Changes in the Calcium-Handling Properties in Rats.
• Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor-Expressing Cells in the Hypothalamus Regulate Food Intake.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• "Incorrect use of 'the 3500-kcal rule' to predict a 1.3 kg/year weight loss if gum is chewed while walking ~62 minutes per day."
• Personalized Nutrition Companies’ Claims Overhyped: Scientists.

Clinical

• Guideline No. 386-Gynaecologic Surgery in the Obese Patient.
• Infant and Young Child Feeding Interventions Targeting Overweight and Obesity: A Narrative Review.
• RCT: Development of a Delayed-release Nutrient for Appetite Control in Adults with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes and Initial Clinical Testing in a Single Dose RCT.
• RCT: Amount and Type of Dietary Fat, Postprandial Glycemia, and Insulin Requirements in Type 1 Diabetes.
• Alternate Day Fasting Improves Physiological and Molecular Markers of Aging in Healthy, Non-obese Humans.

Children and Adolescents

• Mother and Father Controlling Feeding Behaviors and Associations with Observed Mealtime Family Functioning.
• Meta-analysis: A Trans-ancestral Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveals Loci Associated with Childhood Obesity.
• BMI Trajectories in Early Childhood in Relation to Cardiometabolic Risk Profile and Body Composition at 5 Years of Age.
• Leveraging Omics Profiling to Advance the Treatment of Pediatric Obesity.

Surgery

• Short-Term Diabetes Remission Outcomes in Patients with BMI ≤ 30 Kg/m2 Following Sleeve Gastrectomy.
• Changes in Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes After Different Bariatric Surgery Procedures and the Role of Gastrointestinal Hormones.

Drugs

• RCT: "The current study provides the first evidence that acute aerobic exercise can increase reward for high fat savoury foods and stimulate appetite in MA [meth-amphetamine]-dependent individuals."
• Resveratrol and Metformin Recover Prefrontal Cortex AMPK Activation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice but Reduce BDNF and Synaptophysin Protein Content.

Food & Diet

• How Low do You Need to Go? Exploring the Variability in the Effects of Keto‐induction and Individual Outcomes From Low‐carbohydrate Diets.
• Food Craving in Daily Life: Comparison of Overweight and Normal‐weight Participants with Ecological Momentary Assessment.
• Meta-analysis: Social Facilitation of Eating.
• Fermented Foods: Definitions and Characteristics, Impact on the Gut Microbiota and Effects on Gastrointestinal Health and Disease.
• Meta-analysis: Zinc Supplementation and Body Weight.

Caloric Restriction

• Low 24-hour Core Body Temperature as a Thrifty Metabolic Trait Driving Catch-up Fat During Weight Regain After Caloric Restriction.
• Effects of Long‐term Intermittent Versus Chronic Calorie Restriction on Oxidative Stress in a Mouse Cancer Model.
• Modest Calorie Reduction Can Improve Cardiometabolic Health.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Readiness to Perform Aerobic Activity in Adults with Obesity: A Thematic Analysis of Online Surveys.
• Understanding Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Physical Performance in Mid-Life Women: Findings From SWAN (Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation).
• Interrupting Sitting Time with Simple Resistance Activities Lowers Postprandial Insulinemia in Adults with Overweight or Obesity.

Economics & Sociology

• Diabetes and Obesity Associated with Poor Food Environments in American Indian Communities.
• Untreated Obesity Means More Cancer Costs.
• The Effects of Student, School and Neighborhood Poverty on the Association Between Fitness and Absenteeism in New York City Middle School Youth.

Epidemiology

• Cadmium, Obesity, and Education, and the 10‐year Incidence of Hearing Impairment: The Beaver Dam Offspring Study.
• Variation of All-cause and Cause-specific Mortality with BMI in One Million Swedish Parent-son Pairs: An Instrumental Variable Analysis.
• Associations of Dairy Product Consumption with Mortality in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)–Italy Cohort.
• Nutrient Patterns, Cognitive Function, and Decline in Older Persons: Results From the Three-City and NuAge Studies.
• Predicting Overweight and Obesity in Young Adulthood From Childhood BMI: Comparison of Cutoffs Derived From Longitudinal and Cross-sectional Data.
• Self-weighing Frequency and Its Relationship with Health Measures.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Exposure to Nature May Induce Lower Discounting and Lead to Healthier Dietary Choices.
• Effectiveness of a Community‐Based Weight Management Program for Patients Taking Antidepressants And/or Antipsychotics.
• Effects of Overweight or Obesity on Brain Resting State Functional Connectivity of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Equity and Disparities

• Decolonizing Nutrition Science.
• Associations Between Food Consumption Patterns and Chronic Diseases and Self-Reported Morbidities in 6 American Indian Communities.
• Genome-wide Association Study on Antipsychotic-induced Weight Gain in Europeans and African-Americans.

Ethics

• Building Consensus on Interactions Between Population Health Researchers and the Food Industry: Two-stage, Online, International Delphi Study and Stakeholder Survey.

Stigma

• Attitudinal and Perceptual Body Image are Independent of One Another.
• Evaluative Implications of Intersecting Body Weight and Other Social Categories.
• Weight Stigma and Discrimination: Time for Change!

Policy Related

• The Distributional Impact of Taxing Sugar-sweetened Beverages: Findings From an Extended Cost-effectiveness Analysis in South Africa.
• Evidence Collection and Evaluation for the Development of Dietary Guidelines and Public Policy on Nutrition.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal Overfeeding During Lactation, Rather than Overweight Per Se, Impairs the Metabolic Response to Fed/Fasting Changing Conditions in the Post-Weaning Offspring.
• An Association Between Maternal Weight Change in the Year Before Pregnancy and Infant Birth Weight: ELFE, a French National Birth Cohort Study.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Ecophysiological Determinants of Sexual Size Dimorphism: Integrating Growth Trajectories, Environmental Conditions, and Metabolic Rates.
• Low Ambient Temperature Reduces the Time for Fuel Switching in the Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archilochus Colubris).

Methods

• Effects of Physical Activity on the Performance of 24-h Urinary Sucrose and Fructose as a Biomarker of Total Sugars Intake.
• Maximizing Precision and Accuracy of the Doubly Labeled Water Method Via Optimal Sampling Protocol, Calculation Choices, and Incorporation of 17O Measurements.
• Assess Accurate Quantitative Biomarkers of Added Sugar Intake in Adults.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• Dynamic Empirically Based Model for Understanding Future Trends in US Obesity Prevalence in the Context of Social Influences.
• The Future Burden of Obesity in Canada: A Modelling Study.
• Errors in Estimating Usual Sodium Intake By the Kawasaki Formula Alter Its Relationship with Mortality: Implications for Public Health.
• Activating a Community: An Agent‐Based Model of Romp & Chomp, a Whole‐of‐Community Childhood Obesity Intervention.

Commentary

• Eating Under the Microscope.
• Keto, Balance, and the Weight of the World.
• Good News! No Need to Eat Your Placenta.
• Young Innovators: Dietary Restrictions May Benefit Children with Premature Aging Disease.
• The (mild) Health Risks of Energy Drinks.
• Church Feeds the Soul, but What About the Waist?
• Helping Children Learn to Eat Well.
• Let's Not Just Dismiss the Weight Watchers Kurbo App.
• Our Food is Killing Too Many of Us.
• How Your Body’s Heater – Brown Fat – Works.
• Nutrition Education in Medical Training.

General

• Meta-analysis: Dropout Rates of In‐person Psychosocial Treatment Programs for Substance Use Disorders.
• Renal and Segmental Artery Hemodynamics During Whole-Body Passive Heating and Cooling Recovery.
• Stats Experts Plead: Just Say No to P-Hacking.
• How Research on Female Vertebrates Contributes to an Expanded Challenge Hypothesis.
• Sharing Data.
• Smiling Enemies: Young Children Better Recall Mean Individuals Who Smile.
• Survival of the Friendliest.
• When It Comes to Data and Resources, to Share is Divine (and Now Required).
• America's Colleges and Universities are Aggressively Addressing Foreign Threats.
• No Crisis but No Time for Complacency: Coming to Consensus on Reproducibility.
• RCT: Gluten Does Not Induce Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Volunteers.
• Editorial: Will Science Sway Beliefs About Gluten? (pdf)
• 7 Easy Steps to Open Science: An Annotated Reading List.

Announcements

• The British Academy's President Honours Academics Who Stand Up to Falsehood and Fake News.
• Video: Promises Fulfilled: Five Indiana University Graduates. Five Paths to Success.
• Exciting Opportunity at FTC: Scientific Review Analyst.
• Advancing Effective Obesity Communications: A Workshop @ Washington, DC (Sep 16).
• Big Data, Data Science and Deep Learning for Statisticians @ Indianapolis, IN (Sep 14).
• Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
• Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.