Featured

• RCT: "Although the Intervention Prolonged the Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Delayed the Onset of Complementary Feeding, it had No Impact on Growth or Prevalence of Overweight at Age 4 to 7 Years."
• Childhood Maltreatment Associated with the Risk for Visceral Obesity.
• Partner Weight as a Moderator of Exercise Motivation in an Obese Sample.
• Kids, Cartoons, and Cookies: Stereotype Priming Effects on Children's Food Consumption.

Headline AND Study

• Headline: Soybean oil causes more obesity, diabetes, than fructose, coconut oil.
• Study: In mice on isocaloric diets, those on high soy bean oil gained modestly more weight than those consuming other diets.

Contrary or Null Findings

• No Significant Differences in Ratings of Overweight Vs Non-overweight Job Applicants.
• Milk Intake is Not Associated with Low Risk of Diabetes or Overweight-obesity: A Mendelian Randomization Study in 97,811 Danish Individuals.
• Obesity Not Associated with Severity Among Hospitalized Adults with Seasonal Influenza Virus Infection.
• RCT: Diets with Cheese and Meat as Primary Sources of SFAs Cause Higher HDL Cholesterol and Apo A-I and, Therefore, Appear to Be Less Atherogenic Than is a Low-fat, High-carbohydrate Diet.
• No Consistent Association of Parental Work Schedules with Child Overweight or Obesity.

Basic

• Reversal of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance by inducible genetic ablation of GRK2.
• The Elegance of Energy Balance: Insight From Circuit Level Manipulations.
• PINK1-Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy Protects Mitochondrial Integrity and Prevents Metabolic Stress-Induced Endothelial Injury.
• Biologic Responses to Weight Loss and Weight Regain: Report From an American Diabetes Association Research Symposium.
• Fat and Sucrose Intake Induce Obesity-Related Bone Metabolism Disturbances: Kinetic and Reversibility Studies in Growing and Adult Rats.
• Women Have More Potential to Induce Browning of Perirenal Adipose Tissue Than Men.
• Limited OXPHOS Capacity in White Adipocytes is a Hallmark of Obesity in Laboratory Mice Irrespective of the Glucose Tolerance Status.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Letter re: “A Prospective Study of Fitness, Fatness, and Depressive Symptoms."
• Authors reply to letter re: “A Prospective Study of Fitness, Fatness, and Depressive Symptoms."
• Observations on a Study Purporting to Examine Clinical Effectiveness.
• Freedman et al., Reply to Archer and Blair’s Letter entitled, “Implausible Data, False Memories, and the Status Quo in Dietary Assessment."
• Archer & Blair, Reply to Freedman et al.

Clinical

• Certain Treatments for Childhood Cancer May Increase Obesity Risk Later in Life.
• Challenging Obesity: Patient, Provider, and Expert Perspectives on the Roles of Available and Emerging Nonsurgical Therapies.
• Primary Care Residents' Knowledge, Attitudes, Self-Efficacy, and Perceived Professional Norms Regarding Obesity, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Counseling.
• UAB Doctor Contributes to New Web Resource for Diabetes Education.
• Group Dynamics are Associated with Weight Loss in the Behavioral Treatment of Obesity.
• Effectiveness of Lifestyle Interventions to Reduce Binge Eating Symptoms in African American and Hispanic Women.
• RCT: Women's Lifestyle Physical Activity Program for African-American Women: 24- and 48-Week Outcomes.
• RCT: Comparing the Effect of Weight Loss and Exercise Training on Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism in Coronary Artery Disease.

Surgery

• RCT: Sustained Weight Loss with Vagal Nerve Blockade but Not with Sham: 18-Month Results of the ReCharge Trial.
• RCT: Gastric Electrical Stimulation Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Effects of Implantation Versus Mealâ€Âmediated Stimulation.
• Early Increases in Plasma Bile Acids Post Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass are Driven By Insulin Sensitizing, Secondary Bile Acids.

Drugs

• RCT: An Economic Evaluation of a Weight Loss Intervention Program for People with Serious Mental Illnesses Taking Antipsychotic Medications.
• Long-Term Changes of Subcutaneous Fat Mass in HIV-Infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Retrospective Analysis of Longitudinal Data From Two Pediatric HIV-Cohorts.
• Fenretinide Prevents Obesity in Aged Female Mice in Association with Increased Retinoid and Estrogen Signaling.
• Case–control Study of Second-line Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes in Combination with Metformin and the Comparative Risks of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke.
• Diabetes Drugs Offer Promise Against Prostate, Pancreatic Cancer.

Food & Diet

• Vegetarian Diets and Weight Reduction: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs.
• Sugars and Health Controversies: What Does the Science Say?
• Do Fructose-Containing Sugars Lead to Adverse Health Consequences? Results of Recent Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.
• Habitual Chocolate Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Healthy Men and Women.
• RCT: The Acute and Sub-chronic Effects of Cocoa Flavanols on Mood, Cognitive and Cardiovascular Health in Young Healthy Adults.
• The UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition Recommendations on Carbohydrates, Including Sugars and Fibre.
• New UAB Study Could Radically Change the Way We Think About Dieting.
• Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Rats Fed High-fat Diets By Processing Whole-grain Barley to Barley Malt.
• RCT: Genetically High Plasma Vitamin C, Intake of Fruit and Vegetables, and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and All-cause Mortality.
• A Dose-response Study of Consuming High-fructose Corn Syrup–sweetened Beverages on Lipid/lipoprotein Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Young Adults.
• Meta-Analysis: Consumption of Sugar Sweetened Beverages, Artificially Sweetened Beverages, and Fruit Juice and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes.

Caloric Restriction

• Hyperinsulinemia/Diabetes, Hearing, and Aging in the University of Wisconsin Calorie Restriction Monkeys.
• Loss of Histone N-terminal Acetylation Mimics Calorie Restriction-Induced Longevity.
• Cyclic AMP Mimics the Anti-ageing Effects of Calorie Restriction By Up-Regulating Sirtuin.
• Periodic Dieting Promotes Health.
• RCT: Two Year Human Caloric Restriction: Feasibility and Effects on Predictors of Health Span and Longevity.
• Calorie Restriction and Matched Weight Loss From Exercise: Independent and Additive Effects on Glucoregulation and the Incretin System in Overweight Women and Men.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Framing New Pathways in Transformative Exercise for Individuals with Existing and Newly Acquired Disability.
• Exercise is Medicine™: A Pilot Study Linking Primary Care with Community Physical.
• Retention of Sedentary Obese Visceral White Adipose Tissue Phenotype with Intermittent Physical Activity Despite Reduced Adiposity.

Economics & Sociology

• Socioeconomic Determinants of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in China: The Long Arm of Institutional Power.
• The Effect of Obesity and Chronic Conditions on Medicare Spending, 1987–2011.

Epidemiology

• Lactation Duration and Midlife Atherosclerosis.
• Body Shape Index in Comparison with Other Anthropometric Measures in Prediction of Total and Cause-specific Mortality.
• What Makes Us More Likely to Take the Stairs?
• The Use of Cycling Workstations in Public Places – an Observational Study.
• Probability of an Obese Person Attaining Normal Body Weight: Cohort Study Using Electronic Health Records.
• Longitudinal Study of BMI in Young Males and the Transition to Fatherhood.
• Little Evidence to Suggest That Food Retailing Around Schools Influences Student BMI in England: A Cross-Classified Multi-Level Analysis.
• Weight Loss Instead of Weight Gain Within the Guidelines in Obese Women During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Maternal and Infant Outcomes.

Psychology

• Cognitive Control Over Visual Food Cue Saliency is Greater in Reduced-overweight/obese but Not in Weight Relapsed Women: An EEG Study.
• Cognitive Enhancing Effects of Voluntary Exercise, Caloric Restriction and Environmental Enrichment: A Role for Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Pattern Separation?
• Is Intuitive Eating the Same as Flexible Dietary Control? Their Links to Each Other and Well-being Could Provide an Answer.
• Individual Differences in Reward and Somatosensory-Motor Brain Regions Correlate with Adiposity in Adolescents.

Equity and Disparities

• The Obesity Epidemic in Children: Latino Children are Disproportionately Affected at Younger Ages.
• The Food Insecurity―obesity Paradox as a Vicious Cycle for Women: Inequalities and Health.

Stigma

• Cross-national Perspectives About Weight-based Bullying in Youth: Nature, Extent and Remedies.
• Are Intermediary Luxury Fashion Brands Excluding Overweight and Obese Women in the UK, By Not Offering Their Sizes Among Its Assortments?

Policy Related

• Discussion of the Benefits or Lack Thereof of Eradicating 'Food Deserts'.
• Battling the Bulge: Is a Ban on Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Consistent with Freedom of Expression?
• Congress Pushes NIH to Spur Breakthroughs Through Prizes.
• Signs of Progress in Access to Obesity Care.
• Colorado Poll Shows Strong Support for Public Policy Action on Sugary Drinks.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal High-Fat Diet Causes a Sex-Dependent Increase in AGTR2 Expression and Cardiac Dysfunction in Adult Male Rat Offspring.
• Multigenerational Undernutrition Increases Susceptibility to Obesity and Diabetes That is Not Reversed After Dietary Recuperation.
• RCT: Investigating the Effects of a Low–Glycemic Index Diet on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women at High Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
• Birth Weight and Later Life Adherence to Unhealthy Lifestyles in Predicting Type 2 Diabetes: Prospective Cohort Study.
• Increased Placental Nutrient Transport in a Novel Mouse Model of Maternal Obesity with Fetal Overgrowth.
• Shared Weight and Dietary Changes in Parent–Child Dyads Following Family-Based Obesity Treatment.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Fat Cavefish Give Clues to Obesity in People.
• Review: Thyroid Hormone Mediated Modulation of Energy Expenditure.
• Energy Management in Crowned Sifakas (Propithecus Coronatus) and the Timing of Reproduction in a Seasonal Environment.
• Review: Role of Energy Metabolism in the Brown Fat Gene Program.

Methods

• Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Immunoassay for Fat Cell Differentiation Proteomics.
• Estimating Genetic Effect Sizes Under Joint Disease-endophenotype Models in Presence of Gene-environment Interactions.

Commentary

• Obesity Obeisance.
• Dr. David Katz: Ending the Big, Fat Debate.
• Posting Photos of Overweight Show Dogs Online 'normalising' Obesity, Study Finds.
• Teacher Says McDonald's Diet Helped Him Lose Weight -- but is It Actually Healthy?
• Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Energy Expenditure Post-stroke.
• Obesity Prevention: Assessing the Role of State and Non-State Actors Under International Law.

General

• Zebrafish Wnt9b Patterns the First Pharyngeal Arch Into DIV Domains and Promotes Anterior-Medial Outgrowth.
• The Effects of Caffeine Use on Driving Safety Among Truck Drivers Who are Habitual Caffeine Users.
• American Psychological Association Independent Review Cites Collusion Among APA Individuals and Defense Department Officials in Policy on Interrogation Techniques.
• NAS Report: Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science.
• Transparency in Research and Reporting: Expanding the Effort Through New Tools for Authors and Editors.
• Humans as Superorganisms: How Microbes, Viruses, Imprinted Genes, and Other Selfish Entities Shape Our Behavior.
• Being Cool: How Body Temperature Influences Ageing and Longevity.
• Reported Outcome Measures Matched Preregistered Outcome Measures in Trial Registries in Only 5 of 107 RCTs (4.7%).
• Modeling Heterogeneity Among Fitness Functions Using Random Regression.
• Potential Pain Treatment’s Mechanism Deciphered.
• Different Immune Cells Mediate Mechanical Pain Hypersensitivity in Male and Female Mice.
• Rhinos’ Horns to Be Fitted with Spy Cameras and Heart-rate Monitor Alarms to Help Catch Poachers.

Announcements

• Nominations Open for the 2015 AAAS Award for Public Engagement with Science.
• Intermittent Diet- Fooling the Body with Better Results.
• Food in 2 Worlds: A Multimedia Journalism Workshop Focused on Food Stories From Immigrant Communities.
• Inviting Comments and Suggestions on a Framework for the NIH-wide Strategic Plan.