Featured

• Rapid Binge-like Eating and Body Weight Gain Driven By Zona Incerta GABA Neuron Activation.
• Extended Calorie Restriction Suppresses Overall and Specific Food Cravings: A Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis.
• The Critical Role of Cognitive-based Trait Differences in Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Suppression of Food Craving and Eating in Frank Obesity.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Is Trendy Almond Milk Stunting Your Child's Growth? Three-year-olds Given Non-cow Alternatives are Up to 1.5cm Shorter as They Lack the Protein and Fat Needed for Development.
• Study: Cross-sectional Correlation of Parent-reported Non-cow Milk Consumption and Child Height.

Contrary or Null Findings

• "Contrary to expectations, obesity prevalence was highly significantly negatively related to the densities of both FFRs [Fast Food Restaurants] and FSRs [Full Service Restaurants]."
• RCT: "The Healthy Lifestyles Programme is not effective or cost effective in preventing overweight or obesity in 9-10 year olds."
• Our Study Does Not Support the Hypothesis that CD [Cesarean Delivery] Leads to Later Overweight.
• RCT: No Effect of DHA Supplementation During Pregnancy on Child Adiposity Outcomes.
• RCT: No Effect of a Social Media Peer Group for Mothers to Prevent Obesity on Offspring Obesity Indicators.
• RCT: Vitamin D Supplementation Has No Effect on Insulin Sensitivity or Secretion in Vitamin D-deficient, Overweight or Obese Adults.
• "There was no correlation between body composition and low back pain severity in this sample of veterans."
• "These data suggest that low BMI is not a causal risk factor for Alzheimer disease, and that the corresponding observational association likely is explained by reverse causation or confounding."
• RCT: We find "no evidence that UFM [Universal Free Meals] increases probability of obesity or overweight, or BMI."

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Freakonomics Audio: There’s a War on Sugar. Is It Justified?
• Waging War for Better Health?
• Journal Retracts Ohio State CrossFit Study at Center of Lawsuits.
• Retraction notice to "Acarbose on insulin resistance after an oral fat load: a double-blind, placebo controlled study."
• Asking Too Much of Epidemiologic Studies: The Problem of Collider Bias and the Obesity Paradox.
• Response To: Can Collider Bias Fully Explain the Obesity Paradox?
• Re: Collider Bias is Only a Partial Explanation for the Obesity Paradox.

Basic

• Ketogenic Diet Leads to O-GlcNAc Modification in the BTBRT + Tf/j Mouse Model of Autism.
• Intramuscular Triglyceride Content Precedes Impaired Glucose Metabolism, Without Evidence for Mitochondrial Dysfunction During Early Development of a Diabetic Phenotype.
• Hormone Released By Bone Suppresses Appetite.
• Consumption of a Mango Fruit Powder Protects Mice From High-Fat Induced Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Fat Accumulation.
• Abnormal Growth and Feeding Behavior Persist After Removal of Upper Airway Obstruction in Juvenile Rats.
• Neuromotor Activity, Anxiety, and Cognitive Function are Significantly Affected By Dietary Factors Contributing to Dysylipidemia Development in Rats and Mice.
• A Low-Protein, High-Carbohydrate Diet Increases Browning in Perirenal Adipose Tissue but Not in Inguinal Adipose Tissue.

Special Section: Food Insecurity and Obesity: The Insurance Hypothesis

• Article: Food Insecurity as a Driver of Obesity in Humans: The Insurance Hypothesis.
• Commentary: Eating and Body Image: Does Food Insecurity Make Us Feel Thinner?
• Commentary: Mapping Multiple Drivers of Human Obesity.
• Commentary: Expanding the Insurance Hypothesis of Obesity with Physiological Cues.
• Commentary: Epidemiological Foundations for the Insurance Hypothesis: Methodological Considerations.
• Commentary: Future Research Directions for the Insurance Hypothesis Regarding Food Insecurity and Obesity.
• Commentary: The Life History Model of the Insurance Hypothesis.
• Commentary: Appraising Food Insecurity.
• Commentary: Episodic Memory as an Explanation for the Insurance Hypothesis in Obesity.
• Commentary: Implicit Attitudes, Eating Behavior, and the Development of Obesity.
• Commentary: A Life-history Theory Perspective on Obesity.
• Commentary: Toward a Mechanistic Understanding of the Impact of Food Insecurity on Obesity.
• Commentary: Potential Psychological Accounts for the Relation Between Food Insecurity and Body Overweight.
• Commentary: Towards a Behavioural Ecology of Obesity.
• Commentary: Predicting Human Adiposity – Sometimes – with Food Insecurity: Broaden the Model for Better Accuracy.
• Commentary: Anti-fat Discrimination in Marriage More Clearly Explains the Poverty–obesity Paradox.
• Commentary: Committed to the Insurance Hypothesis of Obesity.
• Commentary: Social Nature of Eating Could Explain Missing Link Between Food Insecurity and Childhood Obesity.
• Commentary: A Game Theory Appraisal of the Insurance Hypothesis: Specific Polymorphisms in the Energy Homeostasis Network as Imprints of a Successful Minimax Strategy.
• Commentary: “It’s a Bit More Complicated than That”: A Broader Perspective on Determinants of Obesity.
• Commentary: Anorexia: A Perverse Effect of Attempting to Control the Starvation Response.
• Commentary: Using Food Insecurity in Health Prevention to Promote Consumer’s Embodied Self-regulation.
• Commentary: Obesity as Self-regulation Failure: A “disease of Affluence” that Selectively Hits the Less Affluent?
• Commentary: Household-level Financial Uncertainty Could Be the Primary Driver of the Global Obesity Epidemic.
• Commentary: Children Respond to Food Restriction By Increasing Food Consumption.
• Commentary: Obesity is Not Just Elevated Adiposity, It is Also a State of Metabolic Perturbation.
• Author's Response: Adaptive Principles of Weight Regulation: Insufficient, but Perhaps Necessary, for Understanding Obesity.

Clinical

• A Social Media Peer-group Intervention Significantly Impacted Certain Feeding Behaviors in Families with Infants at High Risk of Obesity.
• High- and Moderate-intensity Training Offer Similar Cardiometabolic Protection Against Single Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors.

Children and Adolescents

• Parental BMI and Behavioral Problems in Their Offspring.
• Cesarean Delivery and BMI at 6 Months and Into Childhood.
• RCT: Comparative Effectiveness of Clinical-Community Childhood Obesity Interventions.

Surgery

• Bariatric Surgery-Induced Resolution of Hypertension and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Impact of Modulation of Body Fat, Ectopic Fat, Autonomic Nervous Activity, Inflammatory and Adipokine Profiles.
• Contribution of Malabsorption to Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Systematic Review.

Food & Diet

• Satisfying American's Fruit Gap: Summary of an Expert Roundtable on the Role of 100% Fruit Juice.
• Ingesting a Combined Carbohydrate and Essential Amino Acid Supplement Versus a Non-nutritive Placebo Blunts Mitochondrial Biogenesis-related Gene Expression After Aerobic Exercise.
• RCT: Impact of Breakfast Skipping Compared with Dinner Skipping on Regulation of Energy Balance and Metabolic Risk.
• RCT: Eggs in Early Complementary Feeding and Child Growth.
• Combined Vitamin B-12 and Balanced Protein-Energy Supplementation Affect Homocysteine Remethylation in the Methionine Cycle in Pregnant South Indian Women of Low Vitamin B-12 Status.
• Texture-Based Differences in Eating Rate Reduce the Impact of Increased Energy Density and Large Portions on Meal Size in Adults.

Caloric Restriction

• The Effects of Graded Levels of Calorie Restriction: X. Transcriptomic Responses of Epididymal Adipose Tissue.
• When Less May Be More: Calorie Restriction and Response to Cancer Therapy.
• Extended Calorie Restriction Suppresses Overall and Specific Food Cravings: A Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• RCT: Effects of After-School Physical Activity Club on the Math Achievement and Executive Functioning of Girls.
• RCT: Sedentary Behavior and Compensatory Mechanisms in Response to Different Doses of Exercise.
• The Effect of Exercise Intensity and Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption on Postprandial Blood Lipids in Physically-inactive Men.
• RCT: Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure are Associated with Weight and Body Composition After RYGB.

Economics & Sociology

• A Marginal Structural Modeling Strategy Investigating Short and Long-term Exposure to Neighborhood Poverty on BMI Among U.S. Black and White Adults.
• Addressing the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Childhood Obesity: An Inter-Professional Approach.

Epidemiology

• Self-regulation and Household Routines at Age Three and Obesity at Age Eleven: Longitudinal Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
• Experiences in Affective-sexual Obesity Contexts.
• Improving Risk Estimates for Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Mortality Using a Refined Healthy Reference Group.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Executive Function in Childhood Obesity: Review.
• Role of Working Memory Sub-Components in Food Choice and Dieting Success.
• Hunger, Taste, and Normative Cues in Predictions About Food Intake.
• Watching Easy Sports Makes Me Eat More.

Equity and Disparities

• “Health disparities between black and white female prisoners are similar to disparities in the general population for obesity but significantly reduced for hypertension, diabetes, heart problems, kidney problems, and stroke.”
• Racial and ethnic minority enrollment in RCTs of behavioural weight loss utilizing technology: a systematic review.

Stigma

• Intersectionality: An Understudied Framework for Addressing Weight Stigma.
• Interpersonal Discrimination and Markers of Adiposity in Longitudinal Studies: A Systematic Review.
• A Multilevel Analysis of Psychological, Emotional, and Social Well-being in Obesity.

Policy Related

• Evaluation of Community-Based Policy, Systems, and Environment Interventions Targeting the Vending Machines.
• Do School Junk Food Bans Improve Student Health? Evidence From Canada.
• CDC Infographic: "Unfit to Serve: Obesity is Impacting National Security."
• Driving Action and Progress on Obesity Prevention and Treatment: Proceedings of a NAS Workshop.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal Exercise Improves Glucose Tolerance in Female Offspring.
• Effects of Early Postnatal Environment on Hypothalamic Gene Expression in OLETF Rats.
• Breast Milk Intake and Mother to Infant Pesticide Transfer Measured By Deuterium Oxide Dilution in Agricultural and Urban Areas of Mexico.
• Maternal Consumption of Artificially Sweetened Beverages During Pregnancy, and Offspring Growth Through 7 Years of Age.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Social Bet-hedging and Food Sharing in Vampire Bats.
• The Role of Energy Intake and Energy Misreporting in the Associations Between Eating Patterns and Adiposity.
• Heart Rate Dynamics in a Marsupial Hibernator.
• Do Invasive Species Live Faster? Mass-specific Metabolic Rate Depends on Growth Form and Invasion Status.
• Coral-reef Fish Suck Up Meals with Slime-covered Lips.

Methods

• The Mouse Thermoregulatory System: Its Impact on Translating Biomedical.
• Validity of a Dietary Questionnaire Assessed By Comparison with Multiple Weighed Dietary Records or 24-Hour Recalls.
• Development and Evaluation of the National Cancer Institute’s Dietary Screener Questionnaire Scoring Algorithms.

Commentary

• Misremembering What Makes Us Fat.
• Audio: Flightless Genes.
• Cesarean Birth: Another Myth of Obesity Falls.
• Virtue at Every Size.
• Are There Any Harms of Redefining Obesity?
• Balancing Benefits and Harms From Redefining Obesity.

General

• Attractive Scientists Viewed as Less Competent By Public.
• Data Fabrication and Other Reasons for Non-random Sampling in 5087 RCTs in Anaesthetic and General Medical Journals.
• Influence of Type II Diabetes and High Depressive Symptoms on the Likelihood for Developing Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Disability and Mortality in Older Puerto Ricans.
• High-Density Lipoprotein Regulation of Mitochondrial Function.
• The Effect of Omega-3 Supplementation on Pregnancy Outcomes By Smoking Status.
• Reproducibility of Research: Issues and Proposed Remedies: Rigorous Assessment of Whether a Result Can Be Said to Have Been Replicated.
• Reproducibility of Research: Issues and Proposed Remedies: PANEL DISCUSSION – Taxonomy of Issues and Challenges to Improving Research Reproducibility.
• No Shortcuts on the Long Road to Evidence-Based Genomic Medicine.
• President Trump's USDA/DHHS Budget 2018.

Video & Audio

• Audio: Food + Science = Victory!

Announcements

• "How Public Health Guidance Often HARMS the American Public" - Thursday, June 29th.
• Webinar: Addressing Global Challenges Through Partnership: the Mars, Inc. And UC Davis Relationship, Thursday, June 15, 2017; 1:00-2:00 P.m. ET.
• Advanced Therapies for Pediatric Obesity: Workshop, Friday, October 13, 2017.
• UAB's Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NORC) invites you to join us at our NIH-funded short course on “The Mathematical Sciences in Obesity".
• UAB Invites You to Join Us at Our NIH-funded Short Course on “Strengthening Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research”.
• UAB’s NORC seeks post-doctoral fellows in obesity research.