Featured

• A Theoretical Analysis Examining the Construct of a Pound of Fat Equaling 3,500 Kilocalories.
• How, and why, a journalist tricked news outlets into thinking chocolate makes you thin.
• Safety of Alternate Day Fasting and Effect on Disordered Eating Behaviors.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Overweight Diabetes Patients Outlive Slimmer Ones.
• Study: The Obesity Paradox in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Relationship of BMI to Prognosis.
• Commentary: Apples and Oranges, Diabetes and Obesity.

Contrary or Null Findings

• Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake Has No Dose-Response Effect on Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Adults At High Risk of Developing Cardiovascular Disease.
• “Interestingly Enough, We Find That BMI Does Not Discriminate Young Workers with Respect to Their Job Earnings, but It Does Affect Negatively Young Workers’ Job Satisfaction with Important Gender Effects.”  (PDF)
• “The Bottled Water Ban Did Not Reduce the Number of Bottles Entering the Waste Stream From the University Campus, the Ultimate Goal of the Ban. With the Removal of Bottled Water, Consumers Increased Their Consumption of Less Healthy Bottled Beverages.” 
• “Contrary to What We Hypothesized, HE [high Energy] and HF [high Fat] Rats Did Not Increase Responses to Sucrose Compared to CHOW Rats.”
• “Contrary to Expectations, the Results Suggested That It is Unlikely That Either Ego Depletion or a Positive Implicit Attitude Towards High-fat Foods Contributes to Dietary Restraint Failure.”
• “Contrary to the Predictions That the Larger Group [of Monkeys] Travels Longer Distances and Spends More Time Moving, the Smaller Group Traveled Longer Distances, and Spent More Time Moving, Although the Number of Visited Patches Did Not Differ Between the Two Groups.”
• “These Findings Suggest That Dietary Silicon Has No Effect on Atherosclerosis Development and Vascular Health in the ApoE Mouse Model of Diet-induced Atherosclerosis, Contrary to the Reported Findings in the Cholesterol-fed Rabbit Model.”
• “Contrary to Expectations, We Did Not Find Clear Associations Between the Distances to the Nearest Green Space or Senior Service Center and Any of the Examined Aspects of Healthy Aging.”

Basic

• A Neural Basis for Melanocortin-4 Receptor-regulated Appetite.
• Anti-obesity Activity of the Marine Carotenoid Fucoxanthin.
• The Transcription Factor Cabut Coordinates Energy Metabolism and the Circadian Clock in Response to Sugar Sensing in Drosophila.
• Restriction of Glucose and Fructose Causes Mild Oxidative Stress Independently of Mitochondrial Activity and Reactive Oxygen Species in Drosophila Melanogaster.
• Does Nutrient Sensing Determine How We “See” Food?
• Metabolic Outcome of Female Mice Exposed to a Mixture of Low-dose Pollutants in a Diet-induced Obesity Model.
• Inhibition of the Lipogenesis in Liver and Adipose Tissue of Diet-induced Obese C57BL/6 Mice By Feeding Oleic Acid-rich Sesame Oil.
• Genetic Variability in GLP-1 Receptor is Associated with Inter-individual Differences in Weight Lowering Potential of Liraglutide in Obese Women with PCOS: A Pilot Study.
• Differences in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Contribute to Sexually Dimorphic Inflammatory Responses to High Fat Diet-induced Obesity.
• Capsaicin Inhibits the Adipogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells By Regulating Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress.

Clinical

• Physical Activity Levels of Overweight or Obese Breast Cancer Survivors: Correlates At Entry Into a Weight Loss Intervention Study.
• Association Between Actigraphic Sleep Metrics and Body Composition.
• Diabetes and Risk of Frailty and Its Potential Mechanisms: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Adults.

Surgery

• Food Preferences and Underlying Mechanisms After Bariatric Surgery.
• Should We Abandon Routine Microscopic Examination in Bariatric Sleeve Gastrectomy Specimens?

Drugs

• Simvastatin Does Not Reduce Chemokine Production in Obesity Without Comorbidities.
• The New Era of Drug Therapy for Obesity: The Evidence and the Expectations.
• Testosterone and Obesity.
• Taking a Longer View in Obesity.
• The Effect of Sibutramine Prescribing in Routine Clinical Practice on Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Cohort Study in the United Kingdom.

Food & Diet

• The Carbohydrate-Fat Problem: Can We Construct a Healthy Diet Based on Dietary Guidelines?
• The Role of Eggs in Weight Management.
• Sugars and Obesity: Is It the Sugars or the Calories?
• RCT: The Effect of the Mediterranean Diet on Serum Total Antioxidant Capacity in Obese Patients.
• The Rebound Effects of Switching to Vegetarianism. A Microeconomic Analysis of Swedish Consumption Behavior.
• Chlorogenic Acid/Chromium Supplement Rescues Diet-induced Insulin Resistance and Obesity in Mice.
• RCT: The Effect of a Cinnamon-, Chromium- and Magnesium-formulated Honey on Glycaemic Control, Weight Loss and Lipid Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes.
• Paleolithic Nutrition Improves Plasma Lipid Concentrations of Hypercholesterolemic Adults to a Greater Extent Than Traditional Heart-healthy Dietary Recommendations.

Caloric Restriction

• Short-term Caloric Restriction Suppresses Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Hypertrophy From Chronic Pressure Overload.
• Influence of Dietary Protein Level on Body Composition and Energy Expenditure in Calorically Restricted Overweight Cats.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Volume-dependent Effect of Supervised Exercise Training on Fatty Liver and Visceral Adiposity Index in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes: The Italian Diabetes Exercise Study (IDES).
• Habitual Physical Activity is Associated with Circulating Irisin in Healthy Controls but not in Subjects with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.

Economics & Sociology

• Food Security in MPC’s.
• The Relationship Between Walkability and Neighborhood Social Environment: The Importance of Physical and Perceived Walkability.
• Lower Socioeconomic Status, Adiposity and Negative Health Behaviours in Youth: A Cross-sectional Observational Study.

Epidemiology

• Peer Effects on Obesity in a Sample of European Children. (PDF) 
• Peer Effects, Fast Food Consumption and Adolescent Weight Gain.
• Sex Differences in Obesity Incidence: 20-year Prospective Cohort in South Africa.
• Trends of Underweight and Overweight/Obesity Among Japanese Schoolchildren From 2003 to 2012, Defined By BMI and Percentage Overweight Cutoffs.
• Commingling Effect of Gynoid and Android Fat Patterns on Cardiometabolic Dysregulation in Normal Weight American Adults.
• Association Between Maternal Nutritional Extremes and Offspring Mortality: A Population-based Cross-sectional Study, Brazil.
• Resting Heart Rate and the Risk of Developing Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes: The Kailuan Prospective Study.
• A Systematic Review: The Effect of Anaemia and Abnormalities of Erythrocyte Indices on HbA1c Analysis.
• Breastfeeding Status At Age 3 Months is Associated with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Markers At Age 4 Years in Mexican Children.
• Review: How Helminths Modulate Host Adipose Tissue Function and Metabolism.

Psychology

• Playing with Food May Help Preschoolers Become Less Picky Eaters.
• See It, Grab It, or STOP! Relationships Between Trait Impulsivity, Attentional Bias for Pictorial Food Cues and Associated Response Inhibition Following in-vivo Food Cue Exposure.
• The Melancholy of Anatomy: Excessive Weight and Depression.
• A High-fat Diet Impairs Learning That is Dependent on the Dorsal Hippocampus but Spares Other Forms of Learning.

Stigma

• Self-Perceptions, Antifat Attitudes, and Stereotyping of Obese Individuals.
• How Does Stigma Influence One’s Perception of Obesity? The Relationship Between Obesity, Locus of Control, and Depression. (PDF)

Policy Related

• Book Review: Regulating Obesity?: Government, Society, and Questions of Health. (PDF)
• Risky Measures: Digital Technologies and the Governance of Child Obesity.
• The Danish Fat Tax— Association with Consumption Patterns and Risk of Ischaemic Heart Disease.
• Nudges do Not Undermine Human Agency.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal Obesity in Sheep Increases Fatty Acid Synthesis, Upregulates Nutrient Transporters, and Increases Adiposity in Adult Male Offspring After a Feeding Challenge.
• Mother's Diet Influences Weight-control Neurocircuits in Offspring.
• Overcoming Birth Weight: Can Physical Activity Mitigate Birth Weight-related Differences in Adiposity?
• Intrauterine Growth Restriction Increases the Preference for Palatable Foods and Affects Sensitivity to Food Rewards in Male and Female Adult Rats.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Rapid Molecular Evolution Across Amniotes of the IIS/TOR Network.
• Basal Blood Glucose Concentration in Free-living Striped Mice is Influenced By Food Availability, Ambient Temperature and Social Tactic.
• Population and Individual Foraging Patterns of Two Hammerhead Sharks Using Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes.
• Do Wild Carnivores Forage for Prey or for Nutrients?
• The Impact of High Temperatures on Foraging Behaviour and Body Condition in the Western Australian Magpie (Cracticus tibicen dorsalis).
• Cross-training in Birds: Cold and Exercise Training Produce Similar Changes in Maximal Metabolic Output, Muscle Masses and Myostatin Expression in House Sparrows, Passer domesticus.

Methods

• On the Directionality Test of Peer Effects in Social Networks.
• Development and Initial Validation of the Drunkorexia Motives and Behaviors Scales.
• Phenotypic Flexibility as a Measure of Health: The Optimal Nutritional Stress Response Test.
• Discovery of Phenotypic Networks From Genotypic Association Studies with Application to Obesity.
• Mixed-Effects Model for Longitudinal Study of Type-2-Diabetes.

Leptin Resistance

• Neonatal overfeeding in female mice predisposes development of obesity in their male offspring via altered central leptin signaling.
• Review: Leptin Resistance in Obesity: An Epigenetic Landscape.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• Automated Processing of Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) Data to Study Onset of Diabetes.
• Evolutionary Food Web Model Based on Body Masses Gives Realistic Networks with Permanent Species Turnover.

Commentary

• Dietary Fats for the Fatuous.
• Do Parents Worry Enough About Kids Being Fat?
• Clearing the Confusion Around Processed Food Addiction.
• Book: Fat-Talk Nation.
• School Says No to Oreos in Child's Lunch.
• Dr. Sean Lucan’s Experience Speaking on Nutrition in a Public School.
• Dr. David Katz: Dietary Guidance: Sustainability or Stupidity?

General

• Perivascular Adipose Adiponectin Correlates with Symptom Status of Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy.
• How Could Technology Change the Way We Evolve?
• Mini-Video: How Natural Selection Works.
• Publish or Perish: Universities Should Release Reports to Show What They are Doing to Tackle Misconduct — and Funders Should Help Them to do So Effectively.
• Consent and Research.
• "The FBI review of about 500 transcripts of trials before 2000, when DNA testing supplanted microscopic hair analysis, shows FBI hair analysts made erroneous statements or exaggerated evidence in 96 percent of cases."
• Double Sampling with Multiple Imputation to Answer Large Sample Meta-research Questions: Introduction and Illustration By Evaluating Adherence to Two Simple CONSORT Guidelines.
• Purple Sweet Potato Color Inhibits Endothelial Premature Senescence By Blocking the NLRP3 Inflammasome.
• Is Coffee Good or Bad for Your Heart? Ask Your Genes.
• Colorful Panther Chameleon on Madagascar is Actually 11 Different Species.
• New Mathematics Could Neutralize Pathogens That Resist Antibiotics.

Announcements

• AAAS Report: Addressing Malnutrition to Improve Global Health.
• Post-Doctoral Fellowship - Women’s Health, Physiology, Clinical Research.
• Faculty Applicants Sought for UAB's Department of Nutrition Sciences.
• Dr. David Sackett, Who Proved Aspirin Helps Prevent Heart Attacks, Dies At 80.
• Public Input Requested on the Draft National Nutrition Research Roadmap 2015-2020.
• Coverage of Obesity Treatment Services.