Featured

• Childhood obesity prevention programs: comparative effectiveness review and meta-analysis.
• Macro fat and micro fat: insulin sensitivity and gender dependent response of adipose tissue to isocaloric diet change.

Contrary or Null Findings

• These findings do not support the hypothesis that high BMI in midlife modulates the risk for dementia.
• No effect of caloric restriction or exercise on radiation repair capacity.
• 'Child-level food insecurity was not associated with obesity among 2- to 5-year-olds or 6- to 11-year-olds.'
• Irisin has no effect on lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes or fatty acid metabolism in HepG2 hepatocytes.
• 'Sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity did not worsen DFS, OS and complication rates after a partial liver resection for CRLM.'
• 'These findings suggest that acute exercise-elicited BDNF elevation may not be sufficient to modulate indices of IR or the utilization of either carbohydrates or fats in obese individuals.'

Basic

• SIRT1-mediated eNAMPT secretion from adipose tissue regulates hypothalamic NAD+ levels in mice.
• FTO influences adipogenesis by regulating mitotic clonal expansion.
• Zebrafish model of a rare genetic disease has revealed an unexpected regulatory pathway for cholesterol absorption and processing.
• Sarcolipin is a key determinant of the basal metabolic rate, and its overexpression enhances energy expenditure and resistance against diet-induced obesity.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Nudge, embarrassment, and restriction-replies to Voigt, Tieffenbach, and Saghai. (pdf)
• When should a paper be retracted? A tale from the obesity literature.
• It is time to bust the myth of physical inactivity and obesity: you cannot outrun a bad diet.
• Physical inactivity and obesity is not a myth: Dr. Steven Blair comments on the BJSM Editorial.
• Nina Teicholz's critique of Dean Ornish op-ed on the myth of high-protein diets.
• What happens when false beliefs drive consumer behavior?

Clinical

• RCT: Adjustable gastric band surgery or medical management in patients with type 2 diabetes.
• RCT: Comparative effectiveness of childhood obesity interventions in pediatric primary care.
• Obesity and percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes: Beware the extremes.
• Overcoming publication bias: Special article collection brings together null and non-confirmatory results from RCTs in Journal of Negative Results.

Surgery

• Abnormalities of reproductive function in male obesity before and after bariatric surgery - A comprehensive review.
• RCT: Effects of prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation on inflammatory markers and anthropometric indices after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
• Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for super obese patients: what approach?

Drugs

• Allopregnanolone effects on food intake and weight gain.
• Pharmacokinetics of ceftaroline in normal body weight and obese (Classes I, II, and III) healthy adult subjects.
• Removal of body surface area normalisation improves raw-measured GFR estimation by the CKD-EPI equation and drug dosing in the obese.
• A new initiative on precision medicine.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Sources of diel variation in energetic physiology in an Arctic-breeding, diving seaduck.
• Respiration, worker body size, tempo and activity in whole colonies of ants.
• Testing optimal body mass theory: Evidence for cost of fat in wintering birds.

Food & Diet

• Capsicum for controlling diabetes, obesity.
• Fructose decreases physical activity and increases body fat without affecting hippocampal neurogenesis and learning relative to an isocaloric glucose diet.
• Dietary and behavioral factors associated with diet quality among low-income overweight and obese African American women.
• Study challenges salt guidelines for kids.
• Turning off hunger pangs: Researchers identify a neural circuit that controls feelings of fullness in mice.

Caloric Restriction

• Late-onset caloric restriction alters skeletal muscle metabolism by modulating pyruvate metabolism. (pdf)
• Metformin and caloric restriction induce an AMPK-dependent restoration of mitochondrial dysfunction in fibroblasts from Fibromyalgia patients. (pdf)
• Caloric restriction in the context of reduced insulin.
• RCT: Calorie restriction and matched weight loss from exercise: Independent and additive effects on glucoregulation and the incretin system in overweight women and men.

Epidemiology

• Urinary metabolic signatures of human adiposity.
• The relationship between adenovirus-36 seropositivity, obesity and metabolic profile in Turkish children and adults.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Continuous exercise but not high intensity interval training improves fat distribution in overweight adults.
• Ten weeks of aerobic training does not result in persistent changes in VLDL triglyceride turnover or oxidation in healthy men.
• Review: Nonexercise activity thermogenesis in obesity management.

Psychology

• The obesogenic household: Factors influencing dietary gatekeeper satisfaction with family diet.
• Paying people to eat or not to eat? Carryover effects of monetary incentives on eating behaviour.
• 'You have to do 60 minutes of physical activity per day ... I saw it on TV': Children's constructions of play in the context of Canadian public health discourse of playing for health.
• Weight self-regulation process in adolescence: The relationship between control weight attitudes, behaviors and body weight status.

Stigma

• Obesity stigma, psychological flexibility and disordered eating behavior amongst people who are overweight and obese.
• No association between obesity and behavior in low-income, preschool Latino children.
• Commentary: Public health without private harm.

Policy Related

• Impact of policy and built environment changes on obesity-related outcomes: A systematic review of naturally occurring experiments.
• Nudging consumers toward better food choices: Policy approaches to changing food consumption behaviors.
• Fast-Food fights: News coverage of local efforts to improve food environments through land-use regulations, 2000-2013.
• Why a nudge is not enough: A social identity critique of governance by stealth.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal obesity and metabolic risk to the offspring: why lifestyle interventions may have not achieved the desired outcomes.
• Diet-induced obesity in male C57BL/6 mice decreases fertility as a consequence of disrupted blood-testis barrier.

Methods

• A stringent validation of mouse adipose tissue identity markers.
• On adequate procedures for glucose tolerance tests in obese animals: Measurement of glucose tolerance in obesity.
• Vending machine assessment methodology: A systematic review.
• Are complexity metrics reliable in assessing HRV control in obese patients during sleep?
• Phylogenetics to help predict active metabolism.
• The energy balance equation.

Commentary

• Who's conspiring to make us all fat?
• Dietary guidelines for which Americans?
• Exercise won't fix the obesity epidemic, researchers argue.
• Alarmism about food creates new mental condition: Orthorexia.
• Second-hand eating.
• How obesity became a disease.
• Spoiling the meal.
• The new logic of calorie-counting: Take the quiz.

General

• Animal testing and its gifts to humans: Recent progress treating Ebola and a deadly tumor was made with animals’ help.
• How groundbreaking thinkers come up with new ideas.
• CPAP could lessen diabetes risk in prediabetes patients with sleep apnea.
• Ethnic differences in family member diabetes involvement and psychological outcomes: results from the second Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) study in the USA.
• Risk factor control varies between races for older adults with diabetes.
• Tapeworm drug effectively treats MRSA in lab study.
• The short interfering RNA-based therapy TKM-Ebola protects monkeys from the viral strain still circulating in West Africa.
• World's first malaria vaccine could be rolled out by end of year.
• Extensive briny subsurface aquifer system found in Antarctica.
• Researchers are working on a patch that can vaccinate wearers against measles.

Research Integrity & Science Communication

• Classic Paper: The immoderate publicity of science.
• Concordat to support research integrity.
• EPFL research integrity statement.
• The Global Biological Standards Institute launches #authenticate campaign to improve research reproducibility.
• Preferred reporting items for a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.
• Researchers, readers, and reporting guidelines: Writing between the lines.
• Statement on NIH funding of research using gene-editing technologies in human embryos.

Announcements

• Webinar: The cost of obesity in America's older adults.
• The second international conference on Oxidative Stress in Aquatic Ecosystems.
• Dr. Kathleen Hall Jamieson gives 2015 Henry and Bryna David webcast identifying instances of exemplary and problematic scientific communication and outlining ways that communicators can embody and express science's values and value.
• 5th short course on statistical genetics and genomics.
• Short course to focus on use of mathematical sciences in obesity research.
• ObesityWeek 2015 abstract deadline extended to May 8!
• Webinar: Nutrition support for the bariatric surgery patient: When and why nutrition support is needed.