Featured

• Optogenetic‐induced Sympathetic Neuromodulation of Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis.
• Cooked Starchy Rhizomes in Africa 170 Thousand Years Ago.
• Comparing the Ability of Two Comprehensive Clinical Staging Systems to Predict Mortality: EOSS and CMDS.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: ‘When We Eat Is Just as Important as How Much We Eat’: Junk Food Fuels Obesity By Disturbing Sleep Patterns, Says Study.
• Study: Dopamine Signaling in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Enables Weight Gain Associated with Hedonic Feeding... In Mice.

Contrary or Null Findings

• Bariatric Surgery Is Associated with Increased Risks After Total Knee Arthroplasty.
• RCT: "This smartphone app providing diabetes self-management education and support had small and clinically not relevant effects."
• No Significant Effect of Tomato on Weight or BMI: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of RCTs.
• RCT: "Saffron capsules were not effective in reducing food craving..."
• RCT: "Four-week PUFA intake did not induce any notable effect on the gut microbiota composition or metabolic risk markers."
• "... we were unable to draw any conclusion on the influence of antenatal interventions on measures of obesity in early childhood." (pdf)
• RCT: "Walnut supplementation for 2 y had no effect on cognition in healthy elders."

Basic

• Dopamine D2 Receptor Overexpression in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Induces Robust Weight Loss During Scheduled Fasting Selectively in Female Mice.
• Lactobacillus Amylovorus KU4 Ameliorates Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice By Promoting Adipose Browning Through PPARγ Signaling.
• RNA-Binding Protein Quaking (QKI) Regulates Adipose Tissue Metabolism By Acting as a Brake on Thermogenesis and Promoting Obesity.
• Interleukin-17 Acts in the Hypothalamus Reducing Food Intake.
• Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (Gdf11) Gene Transfer Prevents High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Improves Metabolic Homeostasis in Obese and STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice.
• Kbtbd11 Contributes to Adipocyte Homeostasis Through the Activation of Upstream Stimulatory Factor 1.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Meta-analysis: Data Anomalies in Acupuncture and Weight Loss in Asians.
• Response: "On behalf of all authors, we apologize for these errors and any inconvenience caused to the readers by these changes."
• “Based on the Current Research… Researchers Should Avoid Drawing Any Definitive Conclusions Regarding the Effects of Blueberries on Cognitive Performance or Mood”.
• 'Common Error' Behind Retractions of Blood Pressure Supplementation Papers.
• Article: Revisiting the Marshmallow Test: A Conceptual Replication Investigating Links between Early Delay of Gratification and Later Outcomes.
• Commentary: Re-Revisiting the Marshmallow Test: A Direct Comparison of Studies By Shoda, Mischel, and Peake (1990) and Watts, Duncan, and Quan (2018).
• Response: Controlling, Confounding, and Construct Clarity: Responding to Criticisms of “Revisiting the Marshmallow Test” By Doebel, Michaelson, and Munakata (2019) and Falk, Kosse, and Pinger (2019).

Clinical

• RCT: Effect of Multi-strain Probiotic (UB0316) in Weight Management in Overweight/obese Adults.
• Impact of Nutrition Interventions and Dietary Nutrient Density on Productivity in the Workplace.
• A Calorie-Restricted DASH Diet Reduces Body Fat and Maintains Muscle Strength in Obese Older Adults.
• Differences in Frequency of Visits to Pediatric Primary Care Practices and Emergency Departments By BMI.
• Project STARLIT: Protocol of a Longitudinal Study of Habitual Sleep Trajectories, Weight Gain, and Obesity Risk Behaviors in College Students.

Children and Adolescents

• Two‐year Treatment Programme Showed That Younger Age and Initial Weight Loss Predicted Better Results in Overweight and Obese Children Aged 2‐16 Years.
• The Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Snacking and Weight Among Adolescents: A Scoping Review.
• Childhood Social Preference and Adolescent Insulin Resistance: Accounting for the Indirect Effects of Obesity.
• Meta-analysis: Whole Milk Compared with Reduced-fat Milk and Childhood Overweight.
• Bi-directional Prospective Associations between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skills in Children.
• Nutritional Management in Childhood Obesity.
• Systematic Review: School-Based Interventions Targeting Nutrition and Physical Activity, and Body Weight Status of African Children.

Surgery

• Temporal Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Adipokines, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Homeostasis at 4 Years of Follow-up.
• Does Colectomy Improve Type 2 Diabetes?
• Nutritional Deficiencies in Patients with Severe Obesity Before Bariatric Surgery: What Should Be the Focus During the Preoperative Assessment?

Drugs

• Comparison of Vancomycin Area-Under-the-Curve Dosing Versus Trough Target–Based Dosing in Obese and Nonobese Patients with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia.
• RCT: "Zoledronate Slows Weight Loss and Maintains Fat Mass in Osteopenic Older Women."
• Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Common Links, Existing Therapeutics and Future Developments.
• Role of Edible Mushroom as a Potent Therapeutics for the Diabetes and Obesity.
• RCT: Combination of Linagliptin, Metformin and Lifestyle Modification to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes.

Food & Diet

• Review: Mycoprotein as a Possible Alternative Source of Dietary Protein to Support Muscle and Metabolic Health.
• RCT: Method of Food Preparation Influences Blood Glucose Response to a High-Carbohydrate Meal.
• RCT: Effects of Fish Oil and Curcumin Supplementation on Cerebrovascular Function in Older Adults.
• The Myth of Knowledge Within a Robust Nutrition Online Training Course.
• College Education on Dietary Supplements May Promote Responsible Use in Young Adults.
• RCT: Effect of Coffee Consumption on Insulin Sensitivity and Other Biological Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes.

Caloric and Dietary Restriction

• Differential Recovery Rates of Fitness Following U.S. Army Ranger Training.
• Extension of Cellular Lifespan By Methionine Restriction Involves Alterations in Central Carbon Metabolism and Is Mitophagy-Dependent.
• Time of Feeding Alters Obesity-associated Parameters and Gut Bacterial Communities, but Not Fungal Populations, in C57BL/6 Male Mice.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• RCT: "Endothelial function is not improved consistently after short-term training, despite improvements in glucose and insulin responses to the OGTT in obese adults with prediabetes."
• RCT: Providing Mothers with a Pedometer and Subsequent Effect on the Physical Activity of Their Children - "There was no difference in outcome between groups in intention to treat analysis."
• Injured Runners Do Not Replace Lost Running Time with Other Physical Activity.
• Not All Promotion Is Good Promotion: The Pitfalls of Overexaggerated Claims and Controlling Language in Exercise Messaging.

Economics & Sociology

• Association between the Price of Ultra-processed Foods and Obesity in Brazil.
• Economic Crisis and Obesity in the Canary Islands: An Exploratory Study Through the Relationship between BMI and Educational Level.
• "So This Is a Big Preventive Guilt Trip": Neo-Naturalism and the Politics of Obesity in Lionel Shriver's Big Brother.
• Economic and Clinical Burden of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in the U.S.

Epidemiology

• "Analysis from Nationwide Inpatient Sample database demonstrated higher mortality rates for obese patients nationally, both after motor vehicle collisions and mechanical falls (P < 0.05)."
• Prospective Study of Long‐Term Interrelationships Among Adiposity‐Associated Biomarkers in Women.
• Polygenic Risk, Fitness, and Obesity in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.
• Body Composition During Pregnancy Differs By Obesity Class.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Visual Attention to Palatable Food Cues on TV and Subsequent Unhealthy Food Intake in Unsuccessful Restrained Eaters.
• Changes in Food Cravings and Eating Behavior After a Dietary Carbohydrate Restriction Intervention Trial.
• Cost-Effectiveness of Three Doses of a Behavioral Intervention to Prevent or Delay Type 2 Diabetes in Rural Areas.
• Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy on Weight Loss, Improvement of Hypertension and Attentional Bias to Eating Cues in Overweight People.
• Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Overweight and Obesity.

Equity and Disparities

• Association of Social Network Factors with Weight Status and Weight Loss Intentions Among Hispanic Adults.
• Understanding the Impact of Five Major Determinants of Health (genetics, Biology, Behavior, Psychology, Society/environment) on Type 2 Diabetes in U.S. Hispanic/Latino Families: Mil Familias - a Cohort Study.
• Maternal Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Glycemic Threshold for Pharmacotherapy Initiation for Gestational Diabetes.

Stigma

• Association of Depression and Obesity Is Mediated By Weight Perception.
• Family Weight Teasing, LGBTQ Attitudes, and Well-being Among LGBTQ Adolescents.

Policy Related

• Keep an Open Mind When Reporting on Policies to Curb Sugary Drinks.
• Removing Competitive Foods V. Nudging and Marketing School Meals: A Pilot Study in High-school Cafeterias.
• FDA Releases New Guidance on Serving Sizes and Dual-Column Labeling.

Intergenerational Effects

• A 3-year Longitudinal Study of Effects of Parental Perception of Children's Ideal Body Image on Child Weight Change.
• Maternal Weight Gain and Infant Birth Weight in Women with Class III Obesity.
• Associations between Breastfeeding Duration and Overweight/obese Among Children Aged 5–10.
• The Current Understanding of Gestational Weight Gain Among Women with Obesity and the Need for Future Research.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Opportunities and Challenges in the Therapeutic Activation of Human Energy Expenditure and Thermogenesis to Manage Obesity.
• Morphological and Physiological Consequences of a Dietary Restriction During Early Life in Bats.

Methods

• Development and Validation of Hepamet Fibrosis Scoring System-A Simple, Noninvasive Test to Identify Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Advanced Fibrosis.
• Clinical Validation of the FLIP Algorithm and the SAF Score in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Commentary

• Court Ruling: Diet Doesn’t Mean Much.
• Going Vegan for January? Find Out How Much Difference It Really Makes.
• Exercise Has Many Health Benefits. Weight Loss Isn't Really One of Them.
• The Sirtfood Diet: What You Need to Know & Is It Science-Backed?
• Does Best Diet Mean Anything Anymore?
• Study: Resistance Exercise May Protect Bones in Overweight Elderly Adults.
• Is Holiday Overeating Slowly Killing Us?
• The Top 20 Nutrition Myths of 2020.
• Data Check: Whole-Fat or Low-Fat Milk?

General

• Do We Want to Be Credible or Incredible?
• A New Way to Establish Cause and Effect in Epidemiology?
• At Age 100, the Father of Preventive Medicine Is Still Going Strong — as Living Proof That He Was Right All Along.
• Wartime Health Shocks and the Postwar Socioeconomic Status and Mortality of Union Army Veterans and Their Children.
• Birdsong as a Window Into Language Origins and Evolutionary Neuroscience.
• Musical Pleasure Lies in Surprise.
• Why Authors Don't Visualize Uncertainty.
• Psychosocial Stressors and Telomere Length: A Current Review of the Science.
• Preprint: Estimating the Prevalence of Transparency and Reproducibility-related Research Practices in Psychology (2014-2017).
• Russian Journals Retract More Than 800 Papers After ‘bombshell’ Investigation.
• US News Rankings: Best Diets Overall.
• Macroeconomic Feedback Effects of Medicaid Expansion: Evidence From Michigan.

Video & Audio

• Podcast: Could the Laws of Physics Ever Change?
• The Diet Soda Myth and Barriers to Good Research.
• Webinar: The What, Why, and How of Preregistration [Jan 21].
• Podcast: Rick Johnson, M.D.: Fructose—The Common Link in High Blood Pressure, Insulin Resistance, T2D, & Obesity?

Announcements

• Competition: Understanding Nutritional Science Video Competition Due February 28, 2020.
• The Murals of Bloomington — Photos and Trail Map.
• Event Information: State of Obesity 2019: Better Policies for a Healthier America.
• Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: Exploring New Evidence National Academy of Sciences.
• IU Bloomington Invites Applications for a Post-doctoral Fellow with Strong Statistical and Collaborative Skills to Join a Team of Researchers Focused on Rigor, Reproducibility, and Transparency And/or Statistical and Data Analytic Research in the Obesity and Nutrition Research Domain.
• AHA's Strategically-Focused Research Center – Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.
• UAB's Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
• Applications Still Being Accepted: Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington Invites Applications for Multiple Tenured, Tenure-Track Assistant/Associate/Full Professor Positions.