Obesity and Energetics Offerings

Featured

• The Curious History of the Calorie in U.S. Policy: A Tradition of Unfulfilled Promises.
• Photoperiod Induced Obesity in the Brandt's Vole (Lasiopodomys Brandtii): A Model of ‘Healthy Obesity’?
• Job Insecurity and Risk of Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: SculpSure: Can This Nonsurgical Procedure Melt Body Fat?
• No Study: The article itself says: "There are no independent medical studies that prove the procedure works to 'melt' fat."

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Interests Conflicted: A 'Wicked Problem' in Medical Research.
• How to Talk About Conflict of Interest.
• Retraction Notice for [anti]-GMO Paper Updated to Include Fraud.
• Reply: The Potential Impact of Body Mass Index, Cognitive Dissonance, and Stigma.
• Letter: Overstated Metabolic Adaptation After 'The Biggest Loser' Intervention.
• Reply: Overstated Metabolic Adaptation After ‘The Biggest Loser’ Intervention.

Contrary or Null Findings

• Observational Research Rigor Alone Does Not Justify Causal Inference.
• RCT: The Results Showed that There Was No Significant Effect of the Whey to Casein Protein Ratio in Milk Beverages on the Appetite Ratings and Subsequent Energy Intake. 
• RCT: "We found no difference in lipid reduction between soy and non-soy plant based diets."
• A Cost or a Benefit? Counterintuitive Effects of Diet Quality and Cadmium in Lymnaea Stagnalis.
• Inhibition of NET Release Fails to Reduce Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Mice.
• RCT: "Our findings do not support combination treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors."
• RCT: "Moderate wine consumption, as part of a Mediterranean diet, in persons with controlled diabetes did not promote weight gain [or loss] or abdominal adiposity."

Basic

• Maternal High-fat Diet During Lactation Impairs Thermogenic Function of Brown Adipose Tissue in Offspring Mice.
• Prognostic Implications of Biomarker Assessments in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at High Cardiovascular Risk.
• Caspase-1 Deficiency Promotes High-Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Tissue Inflammation and the Development of Obesity.
• FGF21-FGFR1 Coordinates Phospholipid Homeostasis, Lipid Droplet Function and ER Stress in Obesity.
• Sarcopenic Obesity or Obese Sarcopenia: A Cross Talk Between Age-associated Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation as a Main Mechanism of the Pathogenesis.
• Reduced Lipolysis Response to Adipose Afferent Reflex Involved in Impaired Activation of Adrenoceptor-cAMP-PKA-hormone Sensitive Lipase Pathway in Obesity.
• GPR30 Regulates Diet-induced Adiposity in Female Mice and Adipogenesis in Vitro.
• The Vestibular System is Critical for the Changes in Muscle and Bone Induced By Hypergravity in Mice.
• A Role for Ceramides, but NOT Sphingomyelins, as Antagonists of Insulin Signaling and Mitochondrial Metabolism in C2C12 Myotubes.

Clinical

• Completion and Sensitivity of the Second-Trimester Fetal Anatomic Survey in Obese Gravidas.
• Evidence-based Lifestyle Interventions for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Intensive Lifestyle Intervention as Exemplar.
• Physical Activity in Clinical Pediatric Weight Management Programs Current Practices and Recommendations.

Children and Adolescents

• Strength of Obesity Prevention Interventions in Early Care and Education Settings: A Systematic Review.
• Neurocognitive Function in Children with Primary Hypertension.
• Cesarean Delivery, Overweight Throughout Childhood, and Blood Pressure in Adolescence.
• Childcare Attendance and Obesity Risk.

Surgery

• 9 Year Old Child Undergoes Bariatric Surgery, “Lost Weight & Gained Confidence.”
• The Robotic Approach Improves Surgical Outcomes in Obese Patients Undergoing Partial Nephrectomy.
• Benefit of Sleeve Gastrectomy in Obese Adolescents on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatic Fibrosis.

Drugs

• RCT: Effects of a Meal Replacement System Alone or in Combination with Phentermine on Weight Loss and Food Cravings.
• Effect of Canagliflozin and Metformin on Cortical Neurotransmitters in a Diabetic Rat Model.
• RCT: Effects of Testosterone Treatment on Body Fat and Lean Mass in Obese Men on a Hypocaloric Diet.

Food & Diet

• Fructose Intake and Risk of Gout and Hyperuricemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
• Weight Losses with Low Energy Formula Diets in Obese Patients with and Without Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Caloric Restriction

• Practical Alternatives to Chronic Caloric Restriction for Optimizing Vascular Function with Aging.
• Caloric Restriction Promotes Cell Survival in a Mouse Model of Normal Tension Glaucoma.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Children with Disabilities May Not Get Enough Exercise in School.
• Use of Accelerometry to Investigate Physical Activity in Dogs Receiving Chemotherapy.
• Voluntary Running Causes a Compensatory Decrease in Nonexercise Activity and an Increase in Energy Intake, Both Contributing to the Lack of Effect of Exercise on Body Mass in Mice.
• Associations Between Self-reported and Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Overweight/obesity in NHANES 2003-2006.

Economics & Sociology

• The Social Context of Managing Diabetes Across the Life Span.
• Ethnic Enclaves and Type II Diabetes: A Focus on Latino/Hispanic Americans.

Epidemiology

• Overweight and Obesity Among Major League Baseball Players: 1871-2015.
• Delayed Effects of Obese and Overweight Population Conditions on All-Cause Adult Mortality Rate in the USA.
• School Restrictions on Outdoor Activities and Weight Status in Adolescent Children After Japan’s 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Disaster: A Mid-term to Long-term Retrospective Analysis.
• Global Burden of Disease Study -- No Single Country Has Reduced Weight Problems Since 1990.
• Association Between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol–Lowering Genetic Variants and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes a Meta-analysis.

Psychology

• A Systematic Review of Temporal Discounting in Eating Disorders and Obesity: Behavioural and Neuroimaging Findings.
• Severity of Household Food Insecurity is Positively Associated with Mental Disorders Among Children and Adolescents in the United States.
• An Open Trial Targeting Food Cue Reactivity and Satiety Sensitivity in Overweight and Obese Binge Eaters.

Equity and Disparities

• Bioavailable Insulin-like Growth Factor-I as Mediator of Racial Disparity in Obesity-relevant Breast and Colorectal Cancer Risk Among Postmenopausal Women.
• A Critical Race Theory Analysis of Public Park Features in Latino Immigrant Neighborhoods.
• Environmental Justice and Pedestrianism - Sidewalk Continuity, Race, and Poverty in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Stigma

• Coping with Perceived Weight Discrimination: Testing a Theoretical Model for Examining the Relationship Between Perceived Weight Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms in a Representative Sample of Individuals with Obesity.
• I Have Diabetes. Am I to Blame?
• New Study Finds Nearly 50% of Service Members with Obesity Experience Weight Stigma.
• Female Candidate Fights Claims of Body-shaming for Tackling Childhood Obesity.

Policy Related

• Questions and Answers for Food Manufacturers on Compliance Dates for Nutrition Initiatives.
• For a Nutritionist, the Sugar Tax Doesn’t Address Obesity.
• We Need a Soft Drink Tax If We're Going to Beat the Obesity Epidemic.
• How a Food Subsidy Program Pushed Junk Food Off the Table.
• The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Revisions Improved Healthful Food and Beverage Purchases.
• WHO Report: Fiscal Policies for Diet and Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases.
• Comments on the Taxation of Sugar Sweetened Beverages Policy Paper. 

Intergenerational Effects

• Enhanced Sensitivity to Drugs of Abuse and Palatable Foods Following Maternal Overnutrition in Mice.
• Maternal Obesity Predisposes Offspring Towards the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease.
• Lipid Metabolism is Associated with Developmental Epigenetic Programming.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Leptin Levels, Seasonality and Thermal Acclimation in the Microbiotherid Marsupial Dromiciops Gliroides: Does Photoperiod Play a Role?
• Accelerometers Can Measure Total and Activity-specific Energy Expenditures in Free-ranging Marine Mammals Only If Linked to Time-activity Budgets.
• Size Does Not Matter - No Evidence for Assortative Mating By Body Size in the Mute Swan Cygnus Olor.

Methods

• Assessing Resting Energy Expenditure in Overweight and Obese Adolescents in a Clinical Setting: Validity of a Handheld Indirect Calorimeter.
• Estimating the Reliability of Glycemic Index Values and Potential Sources of Methodological and Biological Variability.
• Low-power Thermal-based Sensor System for Low Air Flow Detection.

Commentary

• Nobel Laureates Pick Food Fight with GMO Foes.
• War and Peace with the Food Industry.
• Delaware's Kids Pick Up Healthier Habits but Don't Dent Obesity Rate.
• Best Diet for Health? Careful, It Bites!
• Doctor: Low-fat Diets Stuffed with Misconceptions.
• Scorching the Earth for Public Health.

General

• The Really Secret Lives of Bees: Ingenious Experiment Shows They Learn Like We Do, From Each Other.
• Rethink the Links Between Genes and Disease.
• Caffeine Intake May Be Linked with a Lower Risk for Dementia in Older Women.
• Epigenetic Inheritance of Acquired Traits Through Sperm RNAs and Sperm RNA Modifications.
• The Hard Road to Reproducibility.
• The Folly of Fashionable Thinking.
• Civility in Research.
• Social Change and Public Engagement with Policy and Evidence.
• Exposing the Exposures Responsible for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.
• Transparency, Beyond Publication Bias.

Video & Audio

• This Scientist is Trying to Unravel What Sugar Does to the Brain.
• The Interaction of Nonabsorbable Dietary Lipid with Organohalide Compounds.
• "Genes and Diet in Cardiometabolic Disease Risk."
• Driving Action and Progress on Obesity Prevention and Treatment: A Workshop (Video Series).

Announcements

• You Can Help Research Pet Obesity.
• AJG Dedicates a Special Issue Entirely to Negative Results.
• Forbes Lists UAB Among America’s Best Employers.
• Register for Early Career Academic Workshop at ObesityWeek, November 1, 2016 2:30 p.m. - 5:00 p.m.
• NIH Task Force Formed to Develop First Nutrition Strategic Plan.
• Extended Abstract Submission Deadline for the 8th Aquatic Animal Models of Human Disease Conference at UAB.

Featured

• Drosophila Insulin Release is Triggered By Adipose Stunted Ligand to Brain Methuselah Receptor.
• The U-shaped Association of BMI with Mortality: Influence of the Traits Height, Intelligence, and Education.
• Sugar and Emotional State in Bumblebees.
• Collective Intelligence of Temporal Statistics for Segmenting Sustained Infant Feeding Behaviors in Videos.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: The 'Freshman 15' Was Invented to Sell Magazines.
• Countering Fact: From book printed before the magazine: "A weight gain in their first year away from home is so common among the girls that it has come to be called 'The Freshman 15.'"
• Headline: 'Thrifty Gene Hypothesis' Proven Hoax, Obesity Cannot Help You Survive Famine.
• Study: Analysis of Positive Selection for BMI-related Genetic Variants Does Not Support the “Thrifty Gene” Hypothesis; No Test of Obesity Improving Survival in Famine; No 'Hoax' ("a humorous or malicious deception").

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: No Significant Effects on One-year Postpartum Outcomes Following a Weight Management Intervention in Pregnant Women with Obesity.
• RCT: No Benefit of Intragastric Balloon Before Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass on Patients with Super Obesity.
• RCT: No Differential Effects of a Standard Versus Intense Behavioral Weight Intervention in Mitigating Risk of Weight Gain Among Adolescents with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Mania Taking Olanzapine.
• RCT: Treatment with Exenatide Once-weekly Did Not Promote Weight Loss in Obese, Antipsychotic-treated Patients with Schizophrenia Compared to Placebo.
• RCT: Watching Television Did Not Increase Intake During a Meal.
• No Convincing Evidence that Activity Monitors Increase Physical Activity in Adults with Overweight or Obesity? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Basic

• Microglia Energy Metabolism in Metabolic Disorder.
• Impaired Adipose Tissue Lipid Storage, but Not Altered Lipolysis, Contributes to Elevated Levels of NEFA in Type 2 Diabetes. Degree of Hyperglycemia and Adiposity are Important.
• Twin Conception in Sheep Leads to Impaired Insulin Sensitivity and Sexually Dimorphic Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Phenotypes in Adulthood.
• Metabolic Programming of a Beige Adipocyte Phenotype By Genistein.
• Xenograft of Microencapsulated Sertoli Cells Restores Glucose Homeostasis in Db/db Mice with Spontaneous Diabetes Mellitus.
• Hepatic Adaptations to Maintain Metabolic Homeostasis in Response to Fasting and Refeeding in Mice.
• Early Life Disruption to the Ghrelin System with Over-eating is Resolved in Adulthood in Male Rats.
• Oxidative Costs of Reproduction - Oxidative Stress in Mice Fed Standard and Low Antioxidant Diets.
• A High-fat Diet Fed During Different Periods of Life Impairs Steroidogenesis of Rat Leydig Cells.
• Botulinum Toxin A for Controlling Obesity.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Nutrition Research Integrity: To Believe or Not to Believe? That is the Question!
• German University Recommends that Six Papers Involving Nutrient Sensing and Bioenergetics Be Retracted.
• Total Ignorance About Obesity Does Not Stop Doctors From Preaching About It.
• Errors in Abstract and Supplement and in Reporting of Analyses.
• Explanation of Errors in Abstract and Supplement and in the Reporting of Analyses.

Clinical

• RCT: Acceptance-based Versus Standard Behavioral Treatment for Obesity.
• Careful Monitoring of Fetal Growth and Maternal Nutritional Status Should Be Practiced in Pregnant Women with a History of Bariatric Surgery.
• All in the Family? Parental Roles in the Epidemic of Childhood Obesity.
• Pediatric Obesity Algorithm: A Clinical Tool for Treating Childhood Obesity.

Children and Adolescents

• Simple Tests for the Diagnosis of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
• UAB Investigators Summarize the Research on Adolescent Obesity.
• Childhood BMI Linked with Hospital Admissions for Asthma in Adulthood, but Differs Between Men and Women.
• Brief Primary Care Obesity Interventions: A Meta-analysis.
• Planning for the Worst: Estimates of Obesity and Comorbidities in School-age Children in 2025.

Surgery

• "Significant and rapid weight loss resulting from bariatric surgery is associated with prompt and sustained improvements in cognitive function including memory, executive function, and cognitive control."
• Bariatric Surgery or Conventional Medical Therapy?: Which is Best for Severely Obese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes?
• Current Indications to Bariatric Surgery in Adult, Adolescent, and Elderly Obese Patients (Book Chapter).
• Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Versus Calorie Restriction: Support for Surgery Per Se as the Direct Contributor to Altered Responses of Insulin and Incretins to a Mixed-meal.

Drugs

• MetAP2 Inhibitors for Obesity – Take Two.
• RCT: The Effect of Orlistat Versus Metformin on Body Composition and Insulin Resistance in Obese Premenopausal Women. (pdf)
• Neuroendocrinology: New Hormone Treatment for Obesity Caused By POMC-deficiency.

Food & Diet

• Effect of Consuming Oat Bran Mixed in Water Before a Meal on Glycemic Responses in Healthy Humans—A Pilot Study.
• RCT: Short- and Long-Term Effects of Wholegrain Oat Intake on Weight Management and Glucolipid Metabolism in Overweight Type-2 Diabetics.
• The Fast-Casual Conundrum: Fast-Casual Restaurant Entrées are Higher in Calories than Fast Food.
• Fructans From Agave Tequilana with a Lower Degree of Polymerization Prevent Weight Gain, Hyperglycemia and Liver Steatosis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.
• Dairy Food Products: Good or Bad for Cardiometabolic Disease?
• FDA Issues Guidance for "Healthy" Foods. (pdf)
• Association of Animal and Plant Protein Intake with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality.

Caloric Restriction

• Effect of Intermittent Versus Chronic Calorie Restriction on Tumor Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies.
• Calorie Restriction Protects Against Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Exercise, Appetite and Weight Control: Are There Differences Between Men and Women?
• Surrounding Community Residents' Expectations of HOPE VI for Their Community, Health and Physical Activity.
• Promoting Physical Activity Interventions in Communities with Poor Health and Socio-economic Profiles: A Process Evaluation of the Implementation of a New Walking Group Scheme.
• A Systematic Review of Agreement Between Perceived and Objective Neighborhood Environment Measures and Associations with Physical Activity Outcomes.
• A Cross-sectional Study of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours in a Caribbean Population: Combining Objective and Questionnaire Data to Guide Future Interventions.
• Physical Exercise, Reactive Oxygen Species and Neuroprotection.

Economics & Sociology

• Economic Causes of Obesity: A Brief Commentary on the State of the Literature.
• Life-Course BMI Trajectories are Predicted By Childhood Socioeconomic Status but Not Exposure to Improved Nutrition During the First 1000 Days After Conception in Guatemalan Adults.
• Chronic Stress and Negative Marital Quality Among Older Couples: Associations with Waist Circumference.

Epidemiology

• How do Individual-level Sociodemographics and Neighbourhood-level Characteristics Influence Residential Location Behaviour in the Context of the Food and Built Environment? Findings From 25 years of Follow-up in the CARDIA Study.
• Risks of Myocardial Infarction, Death, and Diabetes in Identical Twin Pairs with Different BMIs.

Psychology

• Differential Effects of Estrogen and Progesterone on Genetic and Environmental Risk for Emotional Eating in Women.
• Psychological Impact of Severe Obesity.
• Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in People with Schizophrenia and Related Psychotic Disorders, Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
• Depressive Symptoms and Perceptions of Child Difficulty are Associated with Less Responsive Feeding Behaviors in an Observational Study of Low-Income Mothers.
• Peer Victimization in Adolescents with Severe Obesity: The Roles of Self-Worth and Social Support in Associations with Psychosocial Adjustment.

Equity and Disparities

• The Mediating Role of Social Capital in the Association Between Neighbourhood Income Inequality and BMI.
• Inequalities in Energy-balance Related Behaviours and Family Environmental Determinants in European Children: Changes and Sustainability Within the EPHE Evaluation Study.
• Self-Care Disparities Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in the USA.
• Neighborhood Racial Composition and Poverty in Association with Pre-pregnancy Weight and Gestational Weight Gain.

Stigma

• The Hidden Problem of Weight Discrimination.
• Preferred Descriptions for Loss of Control While Eating and Weight Among Patients with Binge Eating Disorder.

Policy Related

• Nudging Our Way to a Healthier Population: The Effect of Calorie Labeling and Self-Control on Menu Choices of Emerging Adults.
• Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages to Reduce Overweight and Obesity in Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.
• Evaluation of a Physical Activity Regulation for Child Care in Massachusetts.

Communications

• Framing on Facebook: Examining an Issues Management Approach to Obesity.
• Public Knowledge of the Link Between Obesity and Cancer. (pdf)

Intergenerational Effects

• Neuropeptide Y Overexpressing Female and Male Mice Show Divergent Metabolic but Not Gut Microbial Responses to Prenatal Metformin Exposure.
• The Insulin-signaling Pathway of the Pancreatic Islet is Impaired in Adult Mice Offspring of Mothers Fed a High-fat Diet.
• Maternal Dietary Patterns During Pregnancy are Associated with Child Growth in the First 3 Years of Life.
• Differences in Brain Functional Connectivity at Resting-state in Neonates Born to Healthy Obese or Normal-weight Mothers.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Light Pollution Reduces Activity, Food Consumption and Growth Rates in a Sandy Beach Invertebrate.
• Comparison of Equal Energy Deficits Due to Exercise Versus Diet on Metabolic Function and Gut Microbiota in Obese Rats.
• Abrupt Switch to Migratory Night Flight in a Wild Migratory Songbird.

Methods

• Comparison Between Human and Bite-Based Methods of Estimating Caloric Intake.
• Social Desirability Trait: Biaser or Driver of Self-Reported Dietary Intake?
• Leveraging the Food Environment in Obesity Prevention: The Promise of Systems Science and Agent-Based Modeling.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• Deterministic Modeling of the Exposure of Individual Participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to Polychlorinated Biphenyls.
• An Objective Evaluation of Mass Scaling Techniques Utilizing Computational Human Body Finite Element Models.
• Relationship Between Mediation Analysis and the Structured Life Course Approach.
• Development of a Computational Model of Glucose Toxicity in the Progression of Diabetes Mellitus.

Commentary

• On SNAP: When We Put Money Where People's Mouths Are, What Should They Eat?
• Resetting the Setpoint: Is There Something to Learn From Bariatric Surgery?
• The Fat Shaming Wisecrack that Just Won’t Fade.
• Lowering the Bar on the Low-Fat Diet.
• Why Industrial Farms are Good for the Environment.
• Fulfilling a Need: Doctors See Importance of Parks Rx.
• 11 Causes of Sudden Weight Gain & When It's Actually a Sign of a Medical Issue.
• In Analyzing a Case We Should Worry More About the Why than the What.
• Obesity Genes Probably Didn't Evolve to Help Us Survive Famine.
• Stress Can Thwart a Healthful Diet.

General

• "...milk intake was not associated with CVD biomarkers, CVD or mortality either generally or in sub-groups."
• Dietary Inflammatory Index and Recurrence of Depressive Symptoms: Results From the Whitehall II Study.
• We Talked to the Scientist at the Center of a Brutal Firestorm in the Field of Psychology.
• Fermented Fiber Supplements are No Better than Placebo for a Laxative Effect.
• The Problem with Science Writing.
• Coping with the Conflict-of-Interest Pandemic By Listening to and Doubting Everyone, Including Yourself. (pdf)
• New and Old Techniques in Modern Neuroscience.
• Gene Editing: From Roots to Riches.

Video & Audio

• Audio: Obese Patients Face Discrimination From Doctors.
• Video: Single-Blind Peer Review Seen as Source of Publication Bias.

Announcements

• USDA Announces New Open Data Partnership for Public Health - Branded Food Products Database Launched with Nutrition Details on Over 80,000 Brand Names.
• Dr. Daryl B. Lund Receives IUFoST Lifetime Achievement Award at the 18th World Congress of Food Science and Technology.
• New Book: Biting the Hands that Feed Us - How Fewer, Smarter Laws Would Make Our Food System More Sustainable.
• ASN Seeks Applications for Science Policy Fellowship.
• New Book: Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity: Navigating the Evidence.

Featured

• Audio: Myth-Busting Your Fitness Routine.
• Exposure of C57BL/6J Mice to Long Photoperiod During Early Life Stages Increases Body Weight and Alters Plasma Metabolomic Profiles in Adulthood.
• "Housing mice at TN [Thermoneutrality], in combination with an obesogenic “Western” diet, profoundly augmented obesity development, exacerbated atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, and initiated atherosclerosis development in WT mice."
• Analysis of Positive Selection at Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with BMI Does Not Support the “Thrifty Gene” Hypothesis.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Could Another Person's Feces Help You Lose Weight?
• Study: Associations Between Fecal Microbiome and Measures of Adiposity in Twins; No Weight Change; No Sharing of Feces with You.
• SNOPES analysis of headline claims that watching horror movies can scare one to thinness by increasing metabolic rate.

Contrary or Null Findings

• "Random effects meta-analysis revealed that mindfulness training had no significant effect on weight loss...."
• "In contrast to the general belief, this study suggested that the speed of food intake does not influence the number of refluxes in obese female patients with or without GERD."
• "Contrary to expectations, higher body mass was associated with lower consumption of high-calorie foods."
• RCT: No Significant Effect of a Family Intervention for Obese/Overweight Children Using Portion Control Strategy (FOCUS) for Weight Control.
• RCT: "In conclusion, this study did not find evidence of a beneficial effect of a MedDiet intervention on cognitive function among healthy older adults."
• RCT: A Lack of Clinical Effect of High-frequency RTMS to Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Bulimic Symptoms.
• RCT: There Were No Significant Findings to Indicate Nutritional Knowledge or Labeling as Moderators for Negative Affect on Food Consumption.

Basic

• Adipocyte-Lineage Cells Support Growth and Dissemination of Multiple Myeloma in Bone.
• Suppressing Hyperinsulinemia Prevents Obesity but Causes Rapid Onset of Diabetes in Leptin-deficient Lepob/ob Mice.
• Altered Interleukin-10 Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Regulates Obesity-Mediated Inflammation and Insulin Resistance.
• Innate Lymphoid Cells Type 2 – Emerging Immune Regulators of Obesity and Atherosclerosis.
• Effect of a Long-term High-protein Diet on Survival, Obesity Development, and Gut Microbiota in Mice.
• Metabolic Dysfunction in Female Mice with Disruption of 5α-reductase 1.
• Diet-induced Obesity Reduces the Production of Influenza Vaccine-induced Antibodies Via Impaired Macrophage Function.
• Metabolism and Energy Expenditure, but Not Feeding or Glucose Tolerance, are Impaired in Young Kiss1r KO Female Mice.
• Interactions Between Host Genetics and Gut Microbiome in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.
• Acetate Mediates a Microbiome–brain–β-cell Axis to Promote Metabolic Syndrome... In Rodents.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Use of Projection Analyses and Obesity Trends.
• Use of Projection Analyses and Obesity Trends—Reply.
• Retraction Note: Use of Barbed Sutures in Bariatric Surgery. Review of the Literature.
• Magical Thinking About Diet and Exercise.
• BMJ Won’t Retract Controversial Dietary Guidelines Article, Says Author.
• Author/journalist Nina Teicholz’s critique of Retraction Watch’s reporting re: failed attempt by DC special interest group to retract her BMJ article.
• Fructose vs Glucose vs HFCS: Fight!

Clinical

• Pregnancy-driven Cardiovascular Maternal MiR-29 Plasticity in Obesity.
• Effect of a Powered Drive on Pushing and Pulling Forces When Transporting Bariatric Hospital Beds.
• Weight Loss Interventions in Older Adults with Obesity: A Systematic Review of RCTs Since 2005.

Children and Adolescents

• Higher Diet Quality in Adolescence and Dietary Improvements are Related to Less Weight Gain During the Transition From Adolescence to Adulthood.
• RCT: Re-feeding Gastric Residuals in Preterm Infants. (pdf)
• Addressing Obesity in Homeless Children.

Surgery

• Obesity and the Role of Bariatric Surgery in the Surgical Management of Osteoarthritis of the Hip and Knee: A Review of the Literature.
• Fracture Risk After Bariatric Surgery.
• Pregnancy Following Bariatric Surgery-Medical Complications and Management.

Drugs

• High-Fat Diet Meal Patterns During and After Continuous Nicotine Treatment in Male Rats.
• Safety and Tolerability Review of Lorcaserin in Clinical Trials.
• RCT: Regression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver By Vitamin D Supplement. (pdf)
• Reevaluation of Anti-obesity Action of Mazindol and Elucidation of Its Effect on the Reward System.

Food & Diet

• Snack Food, Satiety, and Weight.
• RCT: Improving Diet, Activity and Wellness in Adults at Risk of Diabetes.
• Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing Enhances High Intensity Time Trial Performance Following Prolonged Cycling.
• Wheat-free for the Wrong Reasons? : College Students' Attitudes and Information Sources Pertaining to the Gluten-free Diet.
• Theoretical Effects of Substituting Butter with Margarine on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.
• Diets Higher in Animal and Plant Protein are Associated with Lower Adiposity and do Not Impair Kidney Function in US Adults.
• The Impact of Timing of Introduction of Solids on Infant BMI.

Caloric Restriction

• Starving Cancer From the Outside and Inside: Separate and Combined Effects of Calorie Restriction and Autophagy Inhibition on Ras-driven Tumors.
• Energy Restriction at Young Age, Genetic Variants in the Insulin-like Growth Factor Pathway and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Physical Inactivity Among Adults Aged 50 Years and Older - United States, 2014.
• RCT: Effect of Heat Exposure and Exercise on Food Intake Regulation in Young Healthy Men.
• RCT: Effects of Dyadic Planning on Physical Activity in Couples.
• Exercise Following Mental Work Prevented Overeating.

Economics & Sociology

• The Problematic Messages of Nutritional Discourse: A Case-based Critical Media Analysis.
• An Examination of Factors Associated with Self-Efficacy for Food Choice and Healthy Eating Among Low-Income Adolescents in Three U.S. States.
• RCT: Keep It Off: An Online Trial of Financial Incentives for Weight-loss Maintenance.

Epidemiology

• Role of a Plausible Nuisance Contributor in the Declining Obesity-mortality Risks Over Time.
• An Obesity Paradox: An Inverse Correlation Between BMI and Atherosclerosis of the Aorta.
• Identification and Validation of Seven New Loci Showing Differential DNA Methylation Related to Serum Lipid Profile: An Epigenome-wide Approach. The REGICOR Study.
• Association of Mediterranean Diet and Cardiorespiratory Fitness with the Development of Pre-diabetes and Diabetes: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.

Psychology

• Associations Among Measures of Energy Balance Related Behaviors and Psychosocial Determinants in Urban Upper Elementary School Children.
• Is Fat Talk More Believable than Self-affirming Body Talk?

Equity and Disparities

• Racial/Ethnic Residential Segregation, Obesity, and Diabetes Mellitus.
• Ethnic and Racial Disparities In The Behavioral, Pharmacologic, and Surgical Treatment of Obesity.

Ethics

• Modified Policy-Delphi Study for Exploring Obesity Prevention Priorities.
• Obesity, Disability and the Court of Justice in the European Union.
• A Moral Code Against Obesity Care?

Stigma

• Weight Discrimination, Even Without Excess Weight.
• Weight Stigma Awareness Week is September 26-30.
• Positioning of Weight Bias: Moving Towards Social Justice.

Policy Related

• Cultivating Better Food Access? The Role of Farmers' Markets in the U.S. Local Food Movement.
• FDA Guidance for Industry: Use of the Term “Healthy” in the Labeling of Human Food Products.
• Preparing for Better Health and Health Care for an Aging Population.

Intergenerational Effects

• Does Being Overweight Affect Seminal Variables in Fertile Men?
• Developmental Programming, Adiposity, and Reproduction in Ruminants.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Novel Energy-saving Strategies to Multiple Stressors in Birds: The Ultradian Regulation of Body Temperature.
• The Impact of 24 Hours Fasting and Five Different Overfeeding Diets on Leptin Concentrations in Relation to Energy Expenditure and Body Weight Change in Humans.
• Mating Opportunities and Energetic Constraints Drive Variation in Age-dependent Sexual Signalling.

Methods

• Validity and Reproducibility of a Habitual Dietary Fibre Intake Short Food Frequency Questionnaire.
• "This study unequivocally demonstrates that fathers are underrepresented in recent observational research on parenting and childhood obesity."
• Predictor Characteristics Necessary for Building a Clinically Useful Risk Prediction Model: A Simulation Study.

Commentary

• Online Critiques: Mob Rule or Wisdom of Crowds?
• Obesity Health Risks: Up, Down, or Sideways?
• Food systems: Nourish as well as feed the world.
• Sugar Tax Flaws - 'Mathematical Model' Based on Speculation, Assumption.
• Hope for Understanding Obesity?
• Op-Ed Don't Scapegoat Big Sugar. Lots of Food Producers Profited From the Demonization of Fat.

General

• How do Shark Teeth Bite? Reciprocating Saw, Glue Provide Answers.
• Why Scientific Criticism Sometimes Needs to Hurt.
• Results of Two Studies Fail to Support that Ego-depletion Impairs the Ability to Identify a Self-control Conflict?
• Brookings Institute Responds to NYT Pointing Out Bias in NYT Story.
• Flavanone Intake is Inversely Associated with Risk of Incident Ischemic Stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study.

Featured

• RCT: Effects of Subsidies and Prohibitions on Nutrition in a Food Benefit Program.
• RCT: “Among young adults with a BMI between 25 and less than 40, the addition of a wearable technology device to a standard behavioral intervention resulted in less weight loss over 24 months.”
• "Along some dimensions [e.g., obesity], the Great Recession may have widened some socioeconomic health disparities in the United States."
• Energetic Physiology Mediates Individual Optimization of Breeding Phenology in a Migratory Arctic Seabird.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Diabetes Risk Soars By a Quarter If You Eat Oily Fish Like Salmon or Mackerel Every Day.
• Meeting Abstract: Longitudinal Association Among Tertile-categories of Baseline Self-reported Omega-3 Consumption and Diabetes; No Mention of Fish or Frequency.

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: "While a school-based intervention including counseling and access to an after-school exercise program is theoretically promising with public health potential, it was not effective in reducing BMI or key obesogenic behaviors."
• RCT: No Significant Effect of Information on Obesity Risks or Obesity Stigma Prevalence on Graduate Health Professions Students’ Beliefs and Attitudes About Weight and Eating Behaviors.
• RCT: No Effect of Pedometer Use and Goal Setting on Walking in Overweight Adults with Multimorbidity.
• "...we found no longitudinal association for PA [physical activity] and weight status" in children.
• RCT: Twelve Week Liraglutide or Sitagliptin Does Not Affect Hepatic Fat in Type 2 Diabetes.
• RCT: "Distal gastric bypass was not associated with a greater BMI reduction than standard gastric bypass 2 years after surgery."
• RCT: No Significant Benefit of CBT Added to Exercise vs Exercise Alone Before Bariatric Surgery.
• "Contrary to expectations, when challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity, Ctrp1-KO mice had increased physical activity and reduced body weight, adiposity, and expression of lipid synthesis and fibrotic genes in adipose tissue..."

Basic

• Preserving of Postnatal Leptin Signaling in Obesity-Resistant Lou/C Rats Following a Perinatal High-Fat Diet.
• Intermittent Hypoxia in Obese Zucker Rats: Cardiometabolic and Inflammatory Effects.
• Osteopontin is a Key Player for Local Adipose Tissue Macrophage Proliferation in Obesity.
• Obesity-induced Lymphatic Dysfunction is Reversible with Weight Loss.
• Role of Mitochondrial Complex IV in Age-Dependent Obesity.
• Tumour Biology of Obesity-related Cancers: Understanding the Molecular Concept for Better Diagnosis and Treatment.
• Monocyte Subsets in Blood Correlate with Obesity Related Response of Macrophages to Biomaterials in Vitro.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Let Industry Fund Science.
• Residual Confounding Lurking in Big Data: A Source of Error.
• Doctor Who Participated in Fake Chocolate Study Fined for Violating Code of Conduct.
• Comment On: Is High-intensity Interval Training More Effective on Improving Cardiometabolic Risk and Aerobic Capacity than Other Forms of Exercise in Overweight and Obese Youth? A Meta-analysis.

Clinical

• The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model: An Examination of Obesity Prevention Behavioral Change in Children Who Participated in the Afterschool Program Virginia Beach Let’s Move (PDF).
• RCT: Family-centered Brief Intervention for Reducing Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.
• Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
• RCT: Effect of Wearable Technology Combined with a Lifestyle Intervention on Long-term Weight Loss.
• Review: Practical Considerations for Body Composition Assessment of Adults with Class II/III Obesity Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis or Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry.

Children and Adolescents

• The Association of Weight Loss with Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Obese Children: Systematic Review and Meta-regression.
• Harnessing Adolescent Values to Motivate Healthier Eating.
• Brief Primary Care Obesity Interventions: A Meta-analysis.
• Is Extreme Childhood Obesity 'Nutritional Neglect'?

Surgery

• Limitations of the DiaRem Score in Predicting Remission of Diabetes Following Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in an Ethnically Diverse Population From a Single Institution in the UK.
• Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Correlates with Weight Loss After Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Adolescents.
• OSA Screening with the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire for Adolescents Undergoing Bariatric Surgery in Teen-LABS.
• Increased IL-32 Levels in Obesity Promote Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. Effect of Weight Loss.

Drugs

• Exenatide in Obese or Overweight Patients Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of RCTs.
• Association OF SGLT2 Inhibitors with Blood Pressure, BAPWV, Carotid Arterial IMT and Elastic Modulus in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Obesity.
• Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety, and Glycaemic Effects of Evolocumab (AMG 145) in Hypercholesterolaemic Patients Stratified By Glycaemic Status and Metabolic Syndrome.
• RCT: Exenatide Once Weekly Plus Dapagliflozin Once Daily Versus Exenatide or Dapagliflozin Alone in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled with Metformin Monotherapy (DURATION-8).

Food & Diet

• RCT: Increased Liver Fat and Glycogen Stores Following High Compared with Low Glycaemic Index Food.
• Nutrition Interventions for Obesity.
• Serotonin Signaling Mediates Protein Valuation and Aging.
• Energy Drinks and Their Impact on the Cardiovascular System: Potential Mechanisms. (PDF)
• Effects of Diet on Sleep Quality.
• Beyond Food Insecurity.

Caloric Restriction

• Caloric Restriction Increases Brain Mitochondrial Calcium Retention Capacity and Protects Against Excitotoxicity.
• Dietary Restriction and Its Impact on the Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease. (PDF)
• RCT: Renal and Systemic Effects of Calorie Restriction in Type-2 Diabetes Patients with Abdominal Obesity.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Motivational Interviewing to Increase Physical Activity in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of RCTs.
• Efficacy of Inspiratory Muscle Training as a Practical and Minimally Intrusive Technique to Aid Functional Fitness Among Adults with Obesity.
• Replacing Sedentary Time with Sleep, Light, or Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity: Effects on Self-regulation and Executive Functioning.
• Neighbourhood Greenspace is Associated with a Slower Decline in Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.
• Physical Inactivity Among Adults Aged 50 Years and Older — United States, 2014.
• Differences in the Association of Physical Activity and Children’s Overweight and Obesity Status Among the Major Racial and Ethnic Groups of U.S. Children.

Economics & Sociology

• Wide Variation in Estimated Costs of Obesity in USA.
• Monetary Diet Cost, Diet Quality, and Parental Socioeconomic Status in Spanish Youth.
• Changes in Walking, BMI, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Following Residential Relocation: Longitudinal Results From the CARDIA Study.
• Estimating the Medical Care Costs of Obesity in the United States: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Empirical Analysis.

Epidemiology

• Periprostatic Fat: A Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer?
• Adolescent Obesity in Contextual Settings: A Scoping Study of Multilevel and Hierarchical Examinations.
• Mid-upper Arm Circumference is Associated with Biochemically Determined Nutritional Status Indicators Among Adolescent Girls in Central Mozambique.
• Daytime Napping, Daytime Sleepiness and the Risk of Metabolic Diseases: Dose-Response Meta-Analysis Using Restricted Cubic Spline Model.

Psychology

• Emotion Regulation Strategies and Childhood Obesity in High Risk Preschoolers.
• Expectations Affect Psychological and Neurophysiological Benefits Even After a Single Bout of Exercise.
• Infant Temperament is Associated with Relative Food Reinforcement.
• A Longitudinal Study of Depression and Gestational Diabetes in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.

Equity and Disparities

• Explaining the Mortality-Readmissions Paradox for Racial and Ethnic Minorities∗ ONLINE FIRST.
• New Book: “The Metabolic Ghetto - an Evolutionary Perspective on Nutrition, Power Relations and Chronic Disease”.

Stigma

• An Autoethnography of Fat and Weight Loss: Becoming the Bw0 with Deleuze and Guattari.
• Emotional Implications of Weight Stigma Across Middle School: The Role of Weight-Based Peer Discrimination.

Policy Related

• Childhood Obesity-Chapter 26:Public Health Impact and Policy Responses.
• Incentive and Restriction in Combination—Make Food Assistance Healthier with Carrots and Sticks.

Intergenerational Effects

• Effects of a Maternal High-fat Diet on Offspring Behavioral and Metabolic Parameters in a Rodent Model.
• Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity.
• Parental Pre-pregnancy BMI Influences on Offspring BMI and Waist Circumference at 21 Years.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Young but Not Old Adult African Striped Mice Reduce Their Activity in the Dry Season When Food Availability is Low.
• Cohort Variation in Individual Body Mass Dissipates with Age in Large Herbivores.
• Behavioral Timing Without Clockwork Photoperiod-Dependent Trade-Off Between Predation Hazard and Energy Balance in an Arctic Ungulate.
• Energy Expenditure Estimation in Beta-blocker-medicated Cardiac Patients By Combining Heart Rate and Body Movement Data.

Methods

• Autofluorescence Discrimination of Metabolic Fingerprint in Nutritional and Genetic Fatty Liver Models.
• Accuracy of BMI Correction Using Multiple Reports in Children.
• Seven Food System Metrics of Sustainable Nutrition Security.

Commentary

• Historical Analysis Examines Sugar Industry Role in Heart Disease Research.
• In God We Trust, All Others Bring Data.
• Surveillance Without Caring for Obesity.
• Defining “Success” in Childhood Obesity Interventions in Primary Care.
• Obesity Paradox in Cirrhosis: Is It Real or Just an Illusion?
• Nurses Must Be Prepared to Talk to Families About Obesity: Long-awaited Government Plan is Labelled a 'missed Opportunity'.
• Slip, Skip, Lapse, and Relapse.
• The U.S. Military Has a Huge Problem with Obesity and It's Only Getting Worse.
• Fear of Industry Shaping Food Policy.
• Big Fat Sugar Science Arouses Passions.
• Obesity: The Fat Advantage.
• Applying a Complex Adaptive System's Understanding of Health to Primary Care.

General

• How I Rewired My Brain to Become Fluent in Math.
• Should Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors Receive Intensive Treatment of Hypertension to < 120/80 MmHg Target?: A Protagonist View From SPRINT.
• The Idea of a 'post-truth Society' is Elitist and Obnoxious.
• Timing of Allergenic Food Introduction to the Infant Diet and Risk of Allergic or Autoimmune Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
• Experts Ponder Whether Too Much Exercise Can Compromise Cardiovascular Health and Longevity.
• Mixtures, Metabolites, and Mechanisms: Understanding Toxicology Using Zebrafish.
• Progressing From Metformin to Sulfonylureas or Meglitinides.
• Dairy, Calcium, Vitamin D and Ovarian Cancer Risk in African-American Women.
• A Participatory Evaluation Framework in the Establishment and Implementation of Transdisciplinary Collaborative Centers for Health Disparities Research.
• Toward a New Era of Trust and Transparency in Clinical Trials.
• UAB Researcher and Colleague Investigate Exercise Capacity in Children with Lupus.
• Researchers Seek Better Patient Adherence Recommendations for Diabetic Retinopathy.
• New Discovery Shatters Previous Beliefs About Earth’s Origin.
• Progesterone-Based Therapy Protects Against Influenza By Promoting Lung Repair and Recovery in Females.
• Extremotolerant Tardigrade Genome and Improved Radiotolerance of Human Cultured Cells By Tardigrade-unique Protein.

Announcements

• 5th Canadian Obesity Summit – Call for Abstracts and Workshops Now Open.
• 9th Annual Course on Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research: Principles and Practice of Kinetic Analysis.
• How Fast is UAB's New Research Supercomputer? Blazing Fast.
• TOS Member Spotlight: Conversation with Leah D. Whigham, PhD, FTOS.
• Examining Access to Nutrition Care in Outpatient Cancer Centers: Proceedings of a Workshop.
• American Society for Nutrition Names Jack Odle Founding Editor of New Open Access Journal Current Developments in Nutrition. (PDF)
• Advanced Gene Mapping Course - Jan, 2017.
• Keystone Symposia-Mitochondria Communication.
• Call for Abstracts: Deadline: October 26, 2016. American Society for Nutrition’s Advances and Controversies in Clinical Nutrition.
• Applications for John A. Milner Fellowship Program Due November 1.