Obesity and Energetics Offerings

Featured

• Childhood Obesity Intervention Studies: A Narrative Review and Guide for Investigators, Authors, Editors, Reviewers, Journalists, and Readers to Guard against Exaggerated Effectiveness Claims.
• Developmental Exposure to a Human Relevant Mixture of Endocrine Disruptors Alters Metabolism and Adipogenesis in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio).
• Fat Mass Compared to Four Body Condition Scoring Systems in the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) in Zoo Biology.
• Associations Between Parity, Breastfeeding, and Risk of Maternal Type 2 Diabetes Among Postmenopausal Women.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: New Discovery Explains How Fatty Food Disrupts Appetite Control, Causing Obesity.
• Study: Gut-derived GIP Activates Central Rap1 to Impair Neural Leptin Sensitivity... In Mice Fed a Lard-based High Fat Diet.

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: "Against our hypothesis, BMI increased more in the intervention group than in the control group (Δ=0.3kg/m2; p=0.05) with a greater decrease in %body fat among boys (Δ=-0.6%; p=0.03) in the control group" in a school-home intervention for adolescent obesity prevention.
• RCT: "in obese adolescents, vitamin E supplementation of 400 IU/day for 2 months does not significantly affect lipid profiles and adiponectin levels." (pdf)
• RCT: "A simple, individualised, Mediterranean-style diet in pregnancy did not reduce the overall risk of adverse maternal and offspring complications but has the potential to ...."
• Temporal Discounting Does Not Influence BMI.
• RCT: No Significant Effect of Home-Based Exercise and Weight Loss Programs on Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema Outcomes Among Overweight Breast Cancer Survivors.
• Meta-analysis: "Zinc supplementation did not significantly improve leptin concentrations."
• Meta-analysis: "No effects of testosterone were reported for body composition..." in women.
• "The present study does not provide evidence to support that dietary supplementation with the NAD+ precursor NR serves to impact glucose tolerance, β-cell secretory capacity, α-cell function, and incretin hormone secretion in obese, non-diabetic males."
• Dietary Macronutrients do Not Differentially Affect in Healthy Overweight and Slightly Obese Men Vascular Endothelial Function During the Postprandial Phase.
• RCT: Hedonic Properties and Palatability do Not Affect Gut Hormones, Mainly Ghrelin and GLP‐1.

Ergonomics

• Mimicking Obesity and Pregnancy By Adding Load Mass Elicits Minor Postural Oscillations Compared to Backpack Weight Carrying.
• Sedentariness, Productivity, Perception and Long Term Health Effects of Sit-stand Workstation at Work: A Literature Review.

Basic

• Mitochondrial DNA Alterations in Aged Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor-knockout Mice.
• Models Integrating Genetic and Lifestyle Interactions on Two Adiposity Phenotypes for Personalized Prescription of Energy-Restricted Diets with Different Macronutrient Distribution.
• Gut-associated IgA+ Immune Cells Regulate Obesity-related Insulin Resistance.
• Sex-Specific Differences in Fat Storage, Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Brain Structure in Juvenile HFD-Induced Obese Ldlr-/-.Leiden Mice.
• Fatty Acid and Lipopolysaccharide Effect on Beta Cells Proteostasis and Its Impact on Insulin Secretion.
• Obesity and Muscle‐macrophage Crosstalk in Humans and Mice: A Systematic Review.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Dietary Meat Categories and Descriptions in Chronic Disease Research are Substantively Different Within and Between Experimental and Observational Studies: A Systematic Review and Landscape Analysis.
• Article: Does Obesity Protect Against Death in Sepsis? A Retrospective Cohort Study of 55,038 Adult Patients*.
• Comment on: “Does Obesity Protect Against Death in Sepsis? A Retrospective Cohort Study of 55,038 Adult Patients”.
• Commentary: Rethinking Behavioral Approaches to Compliment Biological Advances to Understand the Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Childhood Obesity.
• Commentary: Public Health Procedures, Alone, Will Not Prevent Child Obesity.
• Ten Tools for Exaggeration in Pediatric Obesity Studies.

Clinical

• This Analysis Suggests that Expanding Coverage of Anti-obesity Interventions to Eligible Individuals Could Generate $20 to $23 Billion Budgetary Savings to Medicare Over 10 Years.
• Adapting Family‐based Treatment for Paediatric Obesity.
• Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects From an Intensive Lifestyle Weight Loss Intervention on Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Data From the Look AHEAD Trial.
• Liraglutide Improves Insulin Sensitivity in High Fat Diet Induced Diabetic Mice Through Multiple Pathways.
• Case of Resected Multiple Hepatocellular Adenomas in a Young Man with Severe Obesity.
• Obesity and Pancreatic Cancer: An Update of Epidemiological Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms.
• Choosing an Adequate Test to Determine Fitness for Air Travel in Obese Individuals. (pdf)
• Meta-analysis: Acupuncture and Weight Loss in Asians.
• RCT: Intermittent Energy Restriction is Comparable to Continuous Energy Restriction for Cardiometabolic Health in Adults with Central Obesity.

Children and Adolescents

• The Home and Child-care: Are Preschool-aged Children Getting Mixed Food-related Messages?
• Physical Activity Interventions Improve Quality of Life of Children with Obesity: Should We Expect Them to Also Decrease BMI?
• Understanding Rapid Infant Weight Gain Prevention.

Surgery

• Use of Phentermine-topiramate Extended Release in Combination with Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with BMI 50 Kg/m2 or More.
• Gut-Associated IgA+ Immune Cells Regulate Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance.

Drugs

• New Hormone Injection Aids Weight Loss in Obese Patients.
• Anti-Obesity Drugs Market Projected to Witness Vigorous Expansion By 2024.
• Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Insulin Tregopil in Relation to Premeal Dosing Time, Between Meal Interval, and Meal Composition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
• Effects of Combined Glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid Receptor Modulation (CORT118335) on Energy Balance, Adiposity, and Lipid Metabolism in Male Rats.

Food & Diet

• Changes in Plant-Based Diet Quality and Total and Cause-Specific Mortality.
• RCT: “consumption of approximately three servings of fat-free milk and 1200 mg of dietary Ca/d enhanced weight loss, improved body composition and promoted glycaemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes and low habitual Ca consumption.”

Caloric Restriction

• Dietary Restriction During the Treatment of Cancer: Results of a Systematic Scoping Review.
• Early Time‐Restricted Feeding Reduces Appetite and Increases Fat Oxidation but Does Not Affect Energy Expenditure in Humans.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Cardiopulmonary Profile of Individuals with Intellectual Disability.
• Comparison of Female Athlete Triad Coalition and RED-S Risk Assessment Tools.
• Thermal Behavior Alleviates Thermal Discomfort During Steady-state Exercise Without Affecting Whole-body Heat Loss.
• Meta-analysis: Behavior Change Techniques Associated with Changes in Postintervention and Maintained Changes in Self-Efficacy for Physical Activity.

Economics & Sociology

• Excess Costs and Economic Burden of Obesity-Related Cancers in the United States.
• The Association Between Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Different Strata of Socioeconomic Position: Evidence From Pooled Norwegian Health Surveys.

Epidemiology

• Intentional Weight Loss and Obesity-related Cancer Risk.
• Associations of Body Composition Trajectories with Bone Mineral Density, Muscle Function, Falls and Fractures in Older Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project.
• Meal‐Concurrent Media Use is Associated with Increased Dietary Intake with No Evidence of Next Meal Compensation in Free‐Living Adults.
• Nutritional Assessment of Older Adults with Diabetes Mellitus.
• Obesity-induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance: A Mini-Review on T-cells.
• Changes in Age Distribution of Obesity-Associated Cancers.
• Impact of Obesity on Life Expectancy Among Different European Countries: Secondary Analysis of Population-level Data Over the 1975–2012 Period.
• Aluminium Levels in Hair and Urine are Associated with Overweight and Obesity in a Non-occupationally Exposed Population.
• Prevalence and Predictors of Weight Loss Maintenance: A Retrospective Population‐based Survey of European Adults with Overweight and Obesity.
• Meta-analysis: Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Adults Living in Cameroon.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Effects of Cognitive Strategies on Neural Food Cue Reactivity in Adults with Overweight/Obesity.
• A Gravitational Contribution to Perceived Body Weight.
• RCT: Evaluating a Novel Obesity Treatment Based on Internal and External Cues.
• Vacation Frequency is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and Symptoms.
• RCT: Effects of Fruit and Vegetable Feeding Messages on Mothers and Fathers: Interactions Between Emotional State and Health Message Framing.

Equity and Disparities

• Disparity in Access to Bariatric Surgery Among African-American Men.
• Acceptability of a Text Message-based Intervention for Obesity Prevention in Infants From Hawai‘i and Puerto Rico WIC.
• Targeting Pregnancy-related Weight Gain to Reduce Disparities in Obesity: Baseline Results From the Healthy Babies Trial. (pdf)
• Wealth and Obesity Among U.S. Adults Entering Midlife.

Ethics

• The Moralization of Obesity.
• Parental Obligation and Medical Neglect in Childhood Obesity.
• A Framework for Increasing Equity Impact in Obesity Prevention.

Stigma

• Parental Perceptions of Obesity in School Children and Subsequent Action.
• Attitudes to and Experiences with Body Weight Control and Changes in Body Weight in Relation to All-cause Mortality in the General Population.

Policy Related

• RCT: Causal Language in Health Warning Labels and US Adults’ Perception.
• Fact Sheet: FDA's Implementation of Menu Labeling Moving Forward.
• Health Insurance for Diabetes Prevention Confers Health Benefits and Breaks Even on Cost Within 2 Years.
• Fiscal Policies for Diet and the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases.

Intergenerational Effects

• Ancestral Paternal Obesity: Systemic Versus Local Effects on Offspring Mammary Tissue Development and Tumorigenesis.
• Transgenerational Effects of Maternal Obesity and Gestational Diabetes on Offspring Body Composition and Left Ventricle Mass: The Finnish Gestational Diabetes Prevention Study (RADIEL) 6‐year Follow‐up.
• Impact of Carers’ Smoking Status on Childhood Obesity in the Growing Up in Ireland Cohort Study.
• Maternal Overfeeding During Lactation, Rather than Overweight Per Se, Impairs the Metabolic Response to Fed/Fasting Changing Conditions in the Post‐Weaning Offspring.
• Systematic Review: Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative: Summary of the Evidence Base for Pregnancy‐related Interventions to Prevent Overweight and Obesity in Children.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Changing Nutrients, Changing Rivers.
• Breeding Latitude and Annual Cycle Timing in a Songbird.
• The Costs of Keeping Cool: Behavioural Trade-offs Between Foraging and Thermoregulation are Associated with Significant Mass Losses in an Arid-zone Bird.

Methods

• Obesity Perception Survey Among Youth in Turkey: Instrument Development and Test-retest Reliability. (pdf)
• Systematic Review: Effectiveness of Interventions Using Self-monitoring to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Adults.
• Example of Triangulation: The Cancer Burden of Excessive Body Weight.

Commentary

• Adult Weight Gain Likely Explains Link Between Parity, T2DM Risk.
• Diet is a Noun.
• Comprehensive Approaches to Improving Nutrition: Future Prospects.
• What’s the Harm for Teens in Social Media?
• Employers Connecting the Dots to Obesity Care.
• Appetite for Improved Gut Health Leads to Innovation.
• Body Composition: Made to Measure.
• We Should Establish a National Institute of Nutrition.
• The Keto Diet is Popular, but is It Good for You?
• Money Talks and It Says Obesity Care Saves.
• New Research Shows There's One and Only Way to Combat Obesity. Or Maybe Not. We Probably Need More Research.

General

• Flavonoids and Cancer.
• A Comparative Study of Litter Size and Sex Composition in a Large Dataset of Callitrichine Monkeys.
• The Influence of Ecological and Life History Factors on Ectothermic Temperature–size Responses: Analysis of Three Lycaenidae Butterflies (Lepidoptera).
• Good for Self or Good for Others? The Well-being Benefits of Kindness in Two Cultures Depend on How the Kindness is Framed.
• A Bridge From Monty Hall to the Hot Hand: The Principle of Restricted Choice.
• Adjusting Trial Results for Biases in Meta‐analysis: Combining Data‐based Evidence on Bias with Detailed Trial Assessment.
• Life After Bootstrap: Residual Randomization Inference in Regression Models.
• Food Environment Research Among an Indigenous Community in Namibia – a New Approach to Explore Food Security of Rural People in Developing Countries.
• Preregistration is Hard, and Worthwhile.
• Does the Day of the Week Predict a Cesarean Section? A Statewide Analysis.

Announcements

• IU SPH Gun Violence Symposium Offers Public Health Approach to Growing Crisis.
• 12th Annual Course on Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research: Principles and Practice of Kinetic Analysis October 21 - 25, 2019.
• Workshop: Advancing Effective Obesity Communications - September 16, Attend in Person or Via Webcast.
• Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
• Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity. 

Featured

• Lifespan Extension Drug Interventions Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Aging.
• A Systematic Scoping Review of Surgically Manipulated Adipose Tissue and the Regulation of Energetics and Body Fat in Animals in Obesity.
• The Association Between Allostatic Load and Anthropometric Measurements Among a Multiethnic Cohort of Children.
• A Successful Nutritional Therapy for Postprandial Hypoglycemia After Bariatric Surgery.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Researchers Find Jogging May Be the Best Workout to Avoid Weight Gain.
• Study: Different Self-reported Physical Exercises Influence the Associations Between Genetic-risk-scores and Various Obesity Measures.

Contrary or Null Findings

• No Evidence for an Association Between Obesity and Food Liking.
• RCT: Skipping Breakfast Before Exercise Creates a More Negative 24-hour Energy Balance.
• A Short-term Religious “fast” From Animal Products Has a Minimal Impact on Cardiometabolic Health Biomarkers Irrespective of Concurrent Shifts in Distinct Plant-based Food Groups.
• RCT: "no significant difference across labels was observed for food choices..."
• RCT: No Differential Effects of Inspiratory Exercise with Linear and Nonlinear Load on Respiratory Variables Post-Bariatric Surgery.
• RCT: "Fish and rapeseed oil used as (LC-)PUFA sources provided with complementary feeding embedded in a structured infant diet did not affect visual or cognitive development of term infants."
• RCT: Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events..."had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death."
• RCT: "School meals had no effect on [height-for-age and BMI-for-age z scores] in children aged 5–15 y" in Ghana.
• Meta-analysis: Whole-Grain Consumption Does Not Affect Obesity Measures.

Basic

• The Effect of Homocysteine on the Expression of CD36, PPARγ, and C/EBPα in Adipose Tissue of Normal and Obese Mice.
• IL-29 Promotes Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance.
• Unacylated Ghrelin Stimulates Steroidogenesis in Lean Rats and Reverses Reproductive Dysfunction in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats.
• Leptin Receptor-Expressing Neurons in the Ventromedial Nucleus of the Hypothalamus Contribute to Weight Loss Caused By Fourth Ventricle Leptin Infusions.
• Taste Loss with Obesity in Mice and Men.
• Progress and Challenges in Analyzing Rodent Energy Expenditure.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Letter: Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption and Cardiovascular Outcomes.
• Reply: Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption and Cardiovascular Outcomes.
• Improving the Quality of Dietary Research.
• "...muscle food categories and descriptions are substantively different within and between experimental and observational studies and do not match regulatory definitions"
• Magnitude‐based Inference is Not Bayesian and is Not a Valid Method of Inference.
• Spin, Pilots, and Sacred Cows of Obesity Care.

Clinical

• Cost-effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery for People with Morbid Obesity in South Korea.
• Effectiveness And Tolerability Of Orlistat And Liraglutide In Patients With Obesity In A Real‐World Setting.

Children and Adolescents

• Decomposing Trends in Child Obesity.
• Systematic Review: Interventions for Preventing Obesity in Children.
• Childhood Obesity Leads to Adult Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Artery Diseases: A 2-sample Mendelian Randomization Study.
• Meta-analysis: Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity in European Children From 1999 to 2016.

Surgery

• Meta-analysis: Psychosocial Outcomes Following Adolescent Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.
• Meta-analysis: Pregnancy After Bariatric Surgery and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes.
• Long-term Adverse Events After Sleeve Gastrectomy or Gastric Bypass: A 7-year Nationwide, Observational, Population-based, Cohort Study.

Drugs

• Can Cannabis Turn the Obesity Tide?
• Health Effects of Eating Marijuana is Subject of a New Study [in Mice].
• CNS-targeting Pharmacological Interventions for the Metabolic Syndrome.
• Promise for a New Targeted Obesity Therapy Soon.
• Metformin Use and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients with Diabetes with or Without Heart Failure or Kidney Dysfunction: Observations From the SAVOR-TIMI 53 Trial.

Food & Diet

• InterACTWEL Science Gateway for Adaptation Planning in Food-Energy-Water Sectors of Local Communities.
• New Zealand's Food System is Unsustainable: A Survey of the Divergent Attitudes of Agriculture, Environment, and Health Sector Professionals Towards Eating Guidelines.
• Systematic Review: The Effect of Isolated and Synthetic Dietary Fibers on Markers of Metabolic Diseases in Human Intervention Studies.
• Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Cardiometabolic Health: An Update of the Evidence.

Caloric Restriction

• RCT: "Effectiveness and Adherence of Modified Alternate-day Calorie Restriction in Improving Activity of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease."
• An Overview of Two Decades of Diet Restriction Studies Using Drosophila.
• Gonadal Hormones Influence Core Body Temperature During Calorie Restriction.
• Change in Self-efficacy, Eating Behaviors and Food Cravings During Two Years of Calorie Restriction in Humans Without Obesity.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• RCT: Effects of High-intensity Interval Training and Nutrition Advice on Cardiometabolic Markers and Aerobic Fitness in Adolescent Girls with Obesity.
• No Consensus on Causality of Spine Postures or Physical Exposure and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.
• Meta-analysis: "Interventions Using Activity Trackers Improve Physical Activity Levels and Mobility Among Older People Compared With Control."

Economics & Sociology

• Differences in Magnitude and Rates of Change in BMI Distributions By Socioeconomic and Geographic Factors in Mexico, Colombia, and Peru, 2005–2010.
• The Association Between Obesity, Socio-Economic Status, and Neighborhood Environment: A Multi-Level Analysis of Spokane Public Schools.
• Peer Status Position Within School-Based Hierarchies and Excessive Fat Accumulation in Adulthood—A 30 Year Follow Up of a Stockholm Cohort.

Epidemiology

• Meta-analysis: Internet Use in Relation to Overweight and Obesity.
• Meta-analysis: Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Disorders in US Adults with Food Insecurity.
• Greater Social Jetlag Associates with Higher HbA1c in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross Sectional Study.
• Improving Fruit and Vegetable Intake Attenuates the Genetic Association with Long-term Weight Gain.
• Review of Obesity and Periodontitis: An Epidemiological View.
• Evaluating the Associations Between Obesity and Age-related Cataract: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
• Investigating the Association Between Body Fat and Depression Via Mendelian Randomization.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Negative Affect is Associated with Increased Stress-eating for Women with High Perceived Life Stress.
• Cognitive Training on Eating Behaviour and Weight Loss: A Meta‐analysis and Systematic Review.

Stigma

• Perceived Weight Discrimination and Performance in Five Domains of Cognitive Function.
• Association of Bullying Victimization with Overweight and Obesity Among Adolescents From 41 Low‐ and Middle‐income Countries.
• Effects of Weight-neutral Approaches Compared with Traditional Weight-loss Approaches on Behavioral, Physical, and Psychological Health Outcomes.
• The O-Word Versus the W-Word.

Policy Related

• A Global Review of Food-Based Dietary Guidelines.
• Cost-Effectiveness Analysis and Stakeholder Evaluation of 2 Obesity Prevention Policies in Maine, US.
• Public Health Procedures, Alone, Will Not Prevent Child Obesity.
• Healthy Vending Contracts: Do Localized Policy Approaches Improve the Nutrition Environment in Publicly Funded Recreation and Sport Facilities?

Intergenerational Effects

• Influence of Maternal Obesity on the Long-Term Health of Offspring.
• RCT: Feasibility of Conducting an Early Pregnancy Diet and Lifestyle E-health Intervention: The Pregnancy Lifestyle Activity Nutrition (PLAN) Project.
• Antibiotic Use During Pregnancy and Childhood Overweight: A Population-based Nationwide Cohort Study.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Staring at Seagulls Makes Them Less Likely to Steal Your Food, New Research Shows.
• Social Ecology of Feeding in an Open Ocean.
• Refined Carbohydrates, Phenotypic Plasticity and the Obesity Epidemic.
• Impact of Energy Turnover on the Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Subjects.
• Testosterone Does Not Mediate Variation in Basal Metabolic Rate and Activity in Relation to Reproductive Condition and Photoperiod in White‐footed Mice (Peromyscus Leucopus).

Methods

• An Appraisal of the SDIR as an Estimate of True Individual Differences in Training Responsiveness in Parallel‐arm Exercise RCTs.
• Big Data Against Childhood Obesity, the BigO Project.
• Perspective: Dietary Biomarkers of Intake and Exposure—Exploration with Omics Approaches.
• Associations Between Self-reported Vegetable and Fruit Intake Assessed with a New Web-based 24-h Dietary Recall and Serum Carotenoids in Free-living Adults: A Relative Validation Study.

Commentary

• Nutrition Advice for Babies and Toddlers Has Been Fraught with Errors. That's About to Change.
• Fasting or Keto: Possible Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis.
• Hate and Prejudice do Not Go Quietly.
• A Reason to Put Down the Phone When You Eat.
• Is a Global Decline in Deaths From Heart Disease Ending?
• Location, Location, Location: The Distribution of Fat.
• From Weight Watchers to WW to Healthier Youth?
• WW Just Released a Weight Loss App for Kids. What Could Go Wrong?

General

• The Selection of Comparators for RCTs of Health-related Behavioral Interventions: Recommendations of an NIH Expert Panel.
• Bound Constrained Optimization of Sample Sizes Subject to Monetary Restrictions in Planning Multilevel Randomized Trials and Regression Discontinuity Studies.
• RCT: Three RCTs Evaluating the Impact of “spin” in Health News Stories Reporting Studies of Pharmacologic Treatments on Patients’/caregivers’ Interpretation of Treatment Benefit.
• Faculty Writing Groups.
• The Global Male-bias in Sex Ratio at Birth is Sustained By the Sex Ratio Genotypes of Replacement Offspring.
• Corrigendum: A Word You May Hope Never to Encounter.
• Investigating 'spin' in Scientific Journals.
• Evaluation of Spin in Abstracts of Papers in Psychiatry and Psychology Journals.
• Brain Activity and Connectivity Changes in Response to Nutritive Natural Sugars, Non-nutritive Natural Sugar Replacements and Artificial Sweeteners.
• Obesity in Indiana: Losing Weight No Easy Task.

Video & Audio

• Audio: Diabetes Research Center - Seminar Series.
• COS 2019: Opening Ceremonies and Welcoming Remarks.

Announcements

• Indiana University Students Diving for Shipwrecks with NOAA.
• IU Sets New Record with $680.2 Million in Research Grants and Awards.
• IU Simon Cancer Center Lands $13.8M Grant, Comprehensive Cancer Center Designation.
• Announcing the Launch of ASN’s Statistical Review Board.
• ObesityWeek Early Bird Registration is Open!
• Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
• Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.

Featured

• RCT: Differential Effects of Alternate‐Day Fasting Versus Daily Calorie Restriction on Insulin Resistance.
• A Critique of the Objective Function Utilized in Calculating the Thrifty Food Plan.
• T Cell–mediated Regulation of the Microbiota Protects Against Obesity.
• A Transcriptomic Atlas of Mammalian Olfactory Mucosae Reveals an Evolutionary Influence on Food Odor Detection in Humans.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: 'Traffic Light' Food Labels Reduce Calories Purchased in Hospital Cafeteria.
• Study: "A workplace cafeteria traffic light–labeling and choice architecture program was associated with [not necessarily caused] a sustained decrease in calories purchased, particularly from [red-labeled] foods."

Contrary or Null Findings

• Community Gardening in a Society with High Malnutrition Prevalence Helps Reduce Malnutrition but Increases Obesity.
• No Association Between Coffee Consumption and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
• Improvement in Reduction of BMI and No Effect of Lipid Profile in Bariatric Surgery with Omentectomy.
• "In the age group of people around 70 years, dog ownership is not associated with reduced odds for developing T2D."
• "...watching TV during the meal was not associated with the dietary quality of what the children consumed."
• RCT: "Daily consumption of oat bran did not potentialize the beneficial effects of a traditional low-calorie diet on the prevalence of MetS and associated disorders."
• RCT: Three Consecutive Weeks of Nutritional Ketosis Has No Effect on Cognitive Function, Sleep, and Mood Compared with a High-carbohydrate, Low-fat Diet in Healthy Individuals.
• RCT: "Child BMI and waist circumference changes from baseline to week 12 were not statistically different within or between groups" in a web-based family telehealth nutrition intervention to improve child weight status and dietary intake.
• "We found that the inverse association between the duration of breastfeeding and risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood is considerably weakened and no longer significant after adjustment for prenatal and postnatal factors in the infant and mother."
• "These results show that obesity-associated hypertension does not depend on the presence of leptin."

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Spin in the Abstract in “Impact of Motivational Interviewing on Outcomes of an Adolescent Obesity Treatment: Results From the MI Values Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.”
• Response to Vorland et al's Letter to the Editor about "Impact of motivational interviewing on outcomes of an adolescent obesity treatment: Results from the MI Values randomized controlled pilot trial."
• A Critical Review of “A Randomized Trial of the Effects of the No-carrageenan Diet on Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity (Nutr. Healthy Aging. 2017; 4(2): 181–192)”.
• The Human Placenta May Not Have a Microbiome After All.

Basic

• Oncogenic KRAS Reduces Expression of FGF21 in Acinar Cells to Promote Pancreatic Tumorigenesis in Mice on a High-Fat Diet.
• Knockout of the X-linked Fgf13 in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Impairs Sympathetic Output to Brown Fat and Causes Obesity.
• Rats that are Predisposed to Excessive Obesity Show Reduced (Leptin‐Induced) Thermoregulation Even in the Preobese State.
• Low-Calorie Sweeteners Augment Tissue-Specific Insulin Sensitivity in a Large Animal Model of Obesity.
• Sex-Dependent Differences in the Bioenergetics of Liver and Muscle Mitochondria From Mice Containing a Deletion for Glutaredoxin-2.
• The Protein Leverage Hypothesis: A 2019 Update for Obesity.
• Endogenous Hyperinsulinemia Contributes to Pancreatic Cancer Development.
• Elucidating the Regulatory Role of Melatonin in Brown, White, and Beige Adipocytes.

Clinical

• RCT: The Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Body Weight and Food Consumption in Obese Adults.
• RCT: Occupationally Tailored, Web-based, Nutrition and Physical Activity Program for Firefighters.
• Taking on Pet Obesity.

Children and Adolescents

• Noncomprehensive and Intermittent Obesity‐Related School Programs and Policies May Not Work: Evidence From the COMPASS Study.
• Association Between Neighbourhood Green Space and Biological Markers in School-aged Children.
• Variabilities in Childhood Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Incident Diabetes in Adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study.
• Early Menarche is Associated with an Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Rural Chinese Women and is Partially Mediated By BMI.
• Structural Connectivity and Weight Loss in Children with Obesity: A Study of the “connectobese”.
• Urinary Bisphenols and Obesity Prevalence Among US Children and Adolescents.

Surgery

• RCT: Does Lifestyle Intervention After Gastric Bypass Surgery Prevent Weight Regain?
• Meta-analysis: Effects of Exercise Training on Weight Loss in Patients Who Have Undergone Bariatric Surgery.

Drugs

• RCT: Effects of Testosterone Supplementation on Body Composition and Lower-body Muscle Function During Severe Exercise- and Diet-induced Energy Deficit.
• Oral Semaglutide Reduces HbA1c, Weight in Patients with T2DM.

Food & Diet

• Co-ingestion of Whole Almonds and Almond Oil with Carbohydrate Suppresses Postprandial Glycaemia in Mice in an Insulin-dependent and Insulin-independent Manner.
• Cinnamon Attenuates Adiposity and Affects the Expression of Metabolic Genes in Diet-Induced Obesity Model of Zebrafish.
• The Social Insectivore: Peer and Expert Influence Affect Consumer Evaluations of Insects as Food.
• The Fat of the Matter: Lipoprotein Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids Vary By Body Weight Status.
• RCT: Variations in Marginal Taste Perception By BMI Classification.

Caloric Restriction

• Sex-Specific Responses of Lifespan and Fitness to Variation in Developmental Versus Adult Diets in D. Melanogaster.
• Effect of Caloric Restriction and Rapamycin on Ovarian Aging in Mice.
• Fasting Reduces Intestinal Radiotoxicity Enabling Dose-escalated Radiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer. (pdf)

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Five or More Hours of Smartphone Usage Per Day May Increase Obesity: Recent Study Found Risk of Obesity Increased By 43%.
• Performing Different Kinds of Physical Exercise Differentially Attenuates the Genetic Effects on Obesity Measures: Evidence From 18,424 Taiwan Biobank Participants.
• Impact of Gait Speed on the Obesity Paradox in Older Patients with Cardiovascular Disease.

Economics & Sociology

• Investigating Denominational and Church Attendance Differences in Obesity and Diabetes in Black Christian Men and Women.
• Food Insecurity Moderates the Acute Effect of Subjective Socioeconomic Status on Food Consumption.
• Preprint: "We estimated that the cost of an EATLancet diet exceeded household income for at least 1·56 billion people."

Epidemiology

• Meta-analysis: The Comparison of Different Obesity Indexes and the Risk of Lung Cancer.
• Hypertension and Obesity Among Civil Aviation Pilots.
• Does Tonsillectomy Increase Obesity Risk in Children with Down Syndrome?
• Association Between Neonatal Serum Bilirubin and Childhood Obesity in Preterm Infants.
• Reported Knowledge of Typical Daily Calorie Requirements: Relationship to Demographic Characteristics in US Adults.
• Top 10 Most Obese Countries in the World According to WHO and OECD.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Women with Obesity are Not as Curvy as They Think: Consequences on Their Everyday Life Behavior.
• Reinforcing Value of Food and Non-food Alternative: Associations with BMI Z-score and Percent Fat Mass.
• RCT: Effect of Meditation on Weight Loss and Waist Circumference for Women Undergoing a Standard Weight Loss Treatment.
• Attentional Bias to Food Varies as a Function of Metabolic State Independent of Weight Status.
• Impact of Pleasure-oriented Messages on Food Choices: Is It More Effective than Traditional Health-oriented Messages to Promote Healthy Eating?
• Measures of Obesity are Associated with MRI Markers of Brain Aging: The Northern Manhattan Study.

Equity and Disparities

• Commentary: Overcoming Inequities in Obesity: What Don’t We Know that We Need to Know?
• Systematic Review: Overweight and Obesity in Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents.

Stigma

• Attitudes Toward and Beliefs About Obese Persons Across Hong Kong and Taiwan: Wording Effects and Measurement Invariance.
• Body Talk, Body Dissatisfaction, and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Mother–adolescent Girl Dyads.
• Fat is Not the Problem—Fat Stigma Is.
• The Behavioral Pathway Model to Overweight and Obesity: Coping Strategies, Eating Behaviors and BMI.
• Is an Obesity Simulation Suit in an Undergraduate Medical Communication Class a Valuable Teaching Tool?

Policy Related

• Should We Tax Sugar-Sweetened Beverages? An Overview of Theory and Evidence.
• Food Service Guideline Policies on Local Government–Controlled Properties.
• Power in the Zambian Nutrition Policy Process.
• Public Health and Social Policy Perspectives on DOHaD.
• The Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey as a Basis for Public Policy Planning: Overweight and Obesity.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Ancient Origins of Low Lean Mass Among South Asians and Implications for Modern Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility.
• Nutritional Stress Reduces Flight Performance and Exploratory Behavior in a Butterfly.
• A Moderate Daily Dose of Resveratrol Mitigates Muscle Deconditioning in a Martian Gravity Analog [in Male Rats].
• Hummingbirds Budget Energy Flexibly in Response to Changing Resources.

Methods

• Attitudes Toward and Beliefs About Obese Persons Across Hong Kong and Taiwan: Wording Effects and Measurement Invariance.
• Smartphone-Based Blood Pressure Measurement Using Transdermal Optical Imaging Technology.
• [Anthropometric Assessment of Nutritional Status in Pregnancy: Comparison of Five Diagnostic Methods Used in Latin America].

Commentary

• Access to Care, Hurdles to Health.
• Disrupted Glucose Metabolism Led to High Levels of DNA Damage in Pancreatic Tissue.
• Patterns of Work, Leisure, and Physical Activity.
• Look for a Good Answer or Tell the Truth?
• Perirenal Adiposity and Other Excessive Intra- and Peri-Organ Fat Depots: What is the Connection?
• Use of Acupuncture in Overweight/Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
• Dietary Patterns to Mitigate Genetic Risk of Obesity.
• Diet Therapy in the Management of Chronic Pain: Better Diet Less Pain?
• Obesity in Indiana: Losing Weight No Easy Task.
• Moving Beyond Weight Bias Into Vile Hate.

General

• Contrasting Genomic Shifts Underlie Parallel Phenotypic Evolution in Response to Fishing.
• Editorial: Time's Up, CO2.
• Turtle Embryos Can Choose Their Own Sex, Shows New Research – but Why?
• Monument Plan Sparks Fossil Worries.
• Biomarkers for Aging Identified in Cross-sectional Studies Tend to Be Non-causative.
• Three Pitfalls to Avoid in Machine Learning.
• The Flawed Reasoning Behind the Replication Crisis.
• Cognitive and Physiological Measures in Well-Being Science: Limitations and Lessons.
• What Explains U.S. Mass Shootings? International Comparisons Suggest an Answer.
• Preprint: Supercentenarians and the Oldest-old are Concentrated Into Regions with No Birth Certificates and Short Lifespans. (pdf)
• The Effects of Low Socioeconomic Status on Decision-making Processes.

Announcements

• Call for Manuscript Submissions: Psychosomatic Aspects of Obesity.
• IU Bloomington: Dr. Guerra-Reyes Pens New Book on Birth Care in Peru.
• IU Bloomington: Dr. Mayo-Wilson Receives $238,975 Grant From the Arnold Foundation.
• AAU Elevates IU President Michael McRobbie as Chair.
• Postdoctoral Position in Intermittent Fasting, Circadian Rhythms, & Sleep.
• Webinar: Using Skin Carotenoid Status Technology to Evaluate Community Nutrition Interventions.
• Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
• Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.

Featured

• Studying a Possible Placebo Effect of an Imaginary Low-Calorie Diet.
• RCT: Acute Effects of a Hallucinatory Meal on Subjective Appetite and Food Intake.
• Overweight and Lonely? A Representative Study on Loneliness in People with Obesity and Its Determinants.
• Repressive Gene Regulation Synchronizes Development with Cellular Metabolism.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Why Eating Too Much Chilli Could Lead to Memory Loss.
• Study: Associations (not Necessarily Causation) Between Self-reported Chili Intake and Self-reported Poor Memory and Memory Decline.
• Headline: Top Reasons Your Smartphone is Making You Gain Weight.
• Meeting abstract: "Obesity associated with the hours of use of the smartphone in university students: The technological slavery of the future." (pdf)

Contrary or Null Findings

• No Significant Effects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation with Oral Capsules on BMI in Patients with Obesity.
• RCT: Local Exercise Does Not Prevent the Aortic Stiffening Response to Acute Prolonged Sitting.
• RCT: "on average, upper body compression garments have no effects on the performance and lactate concentration of highly trained elite canoeists."
• RCT: No Effect of Fenugreek, Bergamot and Olive Leaf Extract on Glucose Homeostasis in Patients with Prediabetes.
• "Surprisingly, oolong tea significantly influenced reduction in relative weight compared with control, black, and green tea; whereas black, green, and white teas had no effects on weight compared with control" [in rats].
• "Contrary to our pre-registered predictions, the experimental manipulation of hypothesis awareness did not affect session 2 food intake."
• "The results of pooling data from published prospective studies also showed no link between CHD and total mortality with egg consumption, whereas we observed a reverse association between egg intake and stroke mortality."

Basic

• Antioxidants Protect Against Diabetes By Improving Glucose Homeostasis in Mouse Models of Inducible Insulin Resistance and Obesity.
• Dietary Protein Restriction Increases Hepatic Leptin Receptor MRNA and Plasma Soluble Leptin Receptor in Male Rodents.
• Lowering Ceramides to Overcome Diabetes.
• Targeting a Ceramide Double Bond Improves Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis.
• Tissue Immune Cells Fuel Obesity-Associated Inflammation in Adipose Tissue and Beyond.
• Illuminated Night Alters Behaviour and Negatively Affects Physiology and Metabolism in Diurnal Zebra Finches.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• “….a Coding Error Was Made Such that a Vegan Participant Was Mistakenly Coded as a Portion-controlled Participant for Certain Analyses. The Authors Thank John A. Dawson and David B. Allison for Alerting Them to This Error.”
• On the Evidentiary Standards for Nutrition Advice.
• Common Sense and Plausible Mechanistic Arguments Suggest that Carbohydrates Can Influence Mood. But do They? And By How Much?
• Downsizing Obesity: On Ancel Keys, the Origins of BMI, and the Neglect of Excess Weight as a Health Hazard in the United States From the 1950s to 1970s.
• Letter: Revisited: Assessing the in Vivo Data on Low/no-calorie Sweeteners and the Gut Microbiota.
• Response to the Letter to the Editor By S. Schiffman and H. Nagle: Revisiting the Data and Information that Has Collectively Established the Safety of Low/no-calorie Sweeteners, Including Sucralose.

Clinical

• RCT: Comparing Financial Incentive Structures for Promoting Physical Activity.
• Interpretation of Vitamin B12 Status After a Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.
• Adipose Group 1 Innate Lymphoid Cells Promote Adipose Tissue Fibrosis and Diabetes in Obesity.
• Endogenous Hyperinsulinemia Contributes to Pancreatic Cancer Development.

Children and Adolescents

• Unintentional Error in Formula Preparation and Its Simulated Impact on Infant Weight and Adiposity.
• Effects of Birth Weight on Body Composition and Overweight/Obesity at Early School Age.

Surgery

• Changes in Central 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Hemodynamics 12 Months After Bariatric Surgery.
• Pilot Trial: Percutaneous CT‐Guided Cryovagotomy in Patients with Class I or Class II Obesity.

Drugs

• Bupropion Increases Activation in Nucleus Accumbens During Anticipation of Monetary Reward.
• RCT: Liraglutide in Combination with Metformin May Improve the Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Decrease C-reactive Protein Level in Statin Treated Obese Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes.
• Perioperative Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitors.
• Lifetime Marijuana Use in Relation to Insulin Resistance in Lean, Overweight, and Obese US Adults.

Food & Diet

• Effects of White Potatoes Consumed with Eggs on Satiety, Food Intake, and Glycemic Response in Children and Adolescents.
• Early Time‐Restricted Feeding Reduces Appetite and Increases Fat Oxidation but Does Not Affect Energy Expenditure in Humans.
• Markers of Adipose Tissue Inflammation are Transiently Elevated During Intermittent Fasting in Women Who are Overweight or Obese.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Systematic Review: Barriers and Facilitators of Physical Activity Among Adults and Older Adults From Black and Minority Ethnic Groups in the UK.
• The Impact of Keto-adaptation on Exercise Performance and the Role of Metabolic-regulating Cytokines.
• Trends in Adherence to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans for Aerobic Activity and Time Spent on Sedentary Behavior Among US Adults.

Economics & Sociology

• Socioeconomic Status and Diet Quality in College Students.
• The Influence of Acculturation and Weight-related Behaviors on BMI Among Asian American Ethnic Subgroups.

Epidemiology

• What’s New in Understanding the Risk Associated with Body Size and Shape? Pears, Apples, and Olives on Toothpicks.
• Examining the Associations of Smoking Behavior and Obesity Among Older Adults in China: Should We Consider Food Consumption Behaviors?
• Associations of Major Depressive Disorder with Chronic Physical Conditions, Obesity and Medication Use: Results From the PISMA-ep Study.
• Psychological and Behavioral Effects of Obesity Prevention Campaigns.
• Meta‐analysis: Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices of Subjects with Overweight or Obesity.
• Utility of Waist Circumference‐to‐height Ratio as a Screening Tool for Generalized and Central Obesity Among Iranian Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN‐V Study.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Enhanced Attention for Visual Food Stimuli Seems to Play No Direct Causal Role in Eating Styles Associated with Overeating.
• Overweight and Lonely? A Representative Study on Loneliness in Obese People and Its Determinants.
• Reliance on Model-based and Model-free Control in Obesity (pdf).
• Impact of Obesity on Central Processing Time Rather than Overall Reaction Time in Young Adult Men.
• Overvaluation of Eating and Satiation Explains the Association of Food Insecurity and Food Intake with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Diseases.
• RCT: Cognitive Effects of Adding Caloric Restriction to Aerobic Exercise Training in Older Adults with Obesity.

Ethics

• Exploratory Analysis of BMI and Oncology Visit Characteristics and Length.
• Sharing Responsibility: Responsibility for Health is Not a Zero-Sum Game.

Stigma

• New: How Anti-obesity Bias Hinders Patients' Lifestyle Change Efforts.
• Scoping Review: Weight Bias and Health Care Utilization.
• Body Image in Relation to Nutritional Status in Adults From the Basque Country, Spain.
• Weight-related Stigma Mediates the Relationship Between Weight Status and Bodily Pain: A Conceptual Model.
• Overlooked and Understudied: Health Consequences of Weight Stigma in Men.

Policy Related

• Washington State Supreme Court Rules that Obesity is a Disability.
• The Productivity Gains Associated with a Junk Food Tax and Their Impact on Cost-effectiveness.
• Saturated Fats and Health: Draft SACN Report.

Intergenerational Effects

• Meta-analysis: Maternal Dietary Patterns and Birth Outcomes.
• Inter-generational Link of Obesity in Term and Preterm Births: Role of Maternal Plasma Acylcarnitines.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Development of Sexual Dimorphism in Two Sympatric Skinks with Different Growth Rates.
• Human-Mediated Carrion: Effects on Ecological Processes.
• The Heart Rate Method for Estimating Oxygen Uptake: Analyses of Reproducibility Using a Range of Heart Rates From Cycle Commuting.

Methods

• Fat Mass Does Not Increase the Precision Error of Trabecular Bone Score Measurements.
• Psychometric Properties of an Abbreviated Childhood Family Mealtime Questionnaire Among Overweight and Obese Hispanic Adolescents.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• Modelling Approaches for Studying the Microbiome.
• Role of Tri-ponderal Mass Index in Cardio-metabolic Risk Assessment in Children and Adolescents: Compared with BMI.
• A Statistical Virtual Patient Population for the Glucoregulatory System in Type 1 Diabetes with Integrated Exercise Model.
• Simulation Study: The Impact of Following Solid Food Feeding Guides on BMI Among Infants.
• Anti‐incretin Effect: The Other Face of Janus in Human Glucose Homeostasis.

Commentary

• Body Shape vs BMI as Risk Predictor in Women.
• Calories Made Combustibly Simple.
• Understanding the Obesity Epidemic.
• Screen Time and Childhood Obesity: A Commentary on the Evidence Behind Current Guidelines. (pdf)
• Healthy For Whom - Consumers or the Food and Beverage Industry?
• Shape Matters: Apples, Olives with Normal BMI Fare Worse than Pears.
• Immune Control of the Microbiota Prevents Obesity.
• Why We Must Stop Fat Shaming, Weight Bias, and Discrimination Against People with Obesity.
• Apples and Pears – Size, Shape, and Adiposity.

General

• Evidence vs Consensus in Clinical Practice Guidelines.
• Replicator Degrees of Freedom Allow Publication of Misleading 'Failures to Replicate'.
• UnDisciplined: The Evolutionary Biologist and the Epidemiological Obstetrician.
• Video: National Science Board’s Meeting, the NSF Presented a Summary of NAS Reproducibility and Replicability Report.
• Zombie Ants are Controlled By a 'Master Puppeteer' Parasite, but We Still Don't Know How.
• Experts Say ‘Emotion Recognition’ Lacks Scientific Foundation.
• Should Psychology Journals Adopt Specialized Statistical Review?
• Harms From Uninformative Clinical Trials.
• Educational Disparities in Adult Health: U.S. States as Institutional Actors on the Association.
• Fat Mass Compared to Four Body Condition Scoring Systems in the Asian Elephant (Elephas Maximus).

Announcements

• IU Bloomington: Dr. Slates Named ASSP’s 2019 Outstanding Safety Educator.
• Future of Food Summit - NYC - Sept 18.
• Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
• Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.