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Headline vs Study
Contrary or Null Findings
- Semaglutide (Ozempic) Linked to Fewer Bone Fractures Despite Greater Weight Loss.
- Preprint of RCT: "In the entire cohort, there were no differences between diet conditions in brain response" to a 2 week cross-over of a UPF vs non-UPF diet.
- RCT: "None of the peptides or metabolic markers changed significantly after the intervention diet. Even though glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels decreased following the diet intervention, none of the values reached statistical significance" in "A Healthy Diet Intervention Alters Food Preferences and Eating Behaviours Without Changing Appetite, Adipokines or Glucose Homoeostasis."
- "Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether structured step aerobics improves psychological well-being in nonclinical populations."
- Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials: "Taken together, the present study found no significant overall effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in HD patients."
- RCT: No Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide on Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers in Patients with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Syndrome.
- "Contrary to common clinical assumptions, traditional host-related risk factors such as gender, obesity, and diabetes do not consistently predict adverse outcomes after abdominal wall hernia repair when clinical heterogeneity is rigorously accounted for."
- "Our model of Stegoceras validum-the first for any pachycephalosaur-suggests that its feeding performance was much closer to that of basal ornithischians and ornithopods than expected for a derived Late Cretaceous taxon and contrary to the derived feeding performance of Psittacosaurus lujiatunensis, another marginocephalian."
- "Contrary to predictions, we found no evidence that higher temperatures increased the growth (mass or total length) of Eastern Hellbenders. ... These results challenge assumptions about the role of temperature in captive rearing outcomes and suggest that future research focus on other variables (e.g., diet, density) that might enhance captive-rearing efficiency."
- "...impaired inhibitory processing, rather than exaggerated reward signaling, may underlie excessive weight gain in chronic pain patients."
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Featured
Headline vs Study
Contrary or Null Findings
- "Omega-3 supplementation may be associated with accelerated cognitive decline in older adults... These findings challenge the prevailing view of omega-3 as uniformly beneficial and highlight the need for a cautious reassessment of its widespread use for cognitive protection."
- "...unlike in C. elegans, WWP1 is not required for CR-induced longevity in mammals..."
- RCT: "The linear mixed-effects models using period-level change scores showed no statistically significant treatment effects for steps, sleep time, sedentary time, lightly active time, or active time" in "Feasibility of remotely delivered Tai Chi on older adults’ 24-hour movement behaviors."
- RCT: "...no significant between-group differences were detected..." in "The Effect of Low Glycemic Load Diet on Central Obesity and Lipid Related Metabolic Abnormalities in T2DM Patients Is Comparable to That of Energy-Restricted Diet..."
- RCT: No Significant Between-Group "Effects of Continuous vs. Intermittent Caloric Restriction on Fat Loss."
- RCT: "Sakurajima radish does not appear to improve endothelial function in patients with MetS within the constraints of this short-term crossover design."
- RCT: "The intervention improved participants' nutrition-related KAP [knowledge, attitude, and practice] scores but did not increase the intake of immune-enhancing nutrients, except for vitamin E."
- RCT: "The primary outcome, subjective fatigue assessed using the web-based daily log, was not significantly different between groups during the summer study period" in "Combined NY1301 and DDMP on Sleep and Autonomic Function in Summer".
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Headline vs Study
Contrary or Null Findings
- RCT: "A 24-week intervention with freeze-dried blueberries had no effect on serum p-tau181 and serum NFL in older adults."
- RCT: "In ELBW infants, providing an additional 1 g/d of parenteral amino acids for 5 days after birth has little to no effect on survival without neurocognitive impairment at school age and may have adverse effects on strength and psychosocial functioning."
- Meta-Analysis: "Vitamin B12 supplementation (alone or when supplemented with other micronutrients) in children may have little to no effect on growth (i.e. height/length), cognitive function (e.g. attention), development outcomes (e.g. motor skill development), or anaemia, compared to placebo, no intervention, or the same supplements without vitamin B12."
- RCT: No Apparent Impact of a Prenatal Nutrition Package with Balanced Energy Supplementation on Gestational Weight Gain in Amhara, Ethiopia.
- "Contrary to our hypothesis, higher BMI was associated with poorer CAT and cognitive performance among participants with HIV."
- "Results are contrary to the established links between executive function and time spent outdoors..."
- Umbrella Review: "Testosterone therapy improved lean muscle mass and strength without adverse effect in older men...There was no effect demonstrated on major cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality."
- "...high-intensity systematic training significantly decreases Body Mass Index and significantly increases osteocalcin levels, whereas other training types had no effect [association]."
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Basic
Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue
Clinical
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Headline vs Study
Contrary or Null Findings
- Meta-Analysis: "Creatine supplementation does not significantly reduce inflammatory biomarkers in humans based on current evidence."
- "These findings are ... contrary to general expectations that higher resource availability should favor larger and more female-biased offspring" in bees.
- "Contrary to expectations, neither self-love nor body image significantly predicted self-acceptance directly. Furthermore, body image did not mediate the relationships between self-love or self-compassion and self-acceptance."
- "Contrary to previous findings, individuals in this sample appeared to be more motivated by alcohol misuse than disordered eating to engage in drunkorexia behavior."
- "Contrary to our expectations, social desirability did not moderate the effect of messages, suggesting that the findings are not attributable to self-presentation strategies" in “The effect of persuasive messaging on attitude and intention to reduce meat consumption - a mediation analysis.”
- "Our meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing home-based interventions with control conditions suggests that home-based physical exercise is feasible and improves aerobic capacity, but does not confer significant benefits for functional capacity, muscle strength or quality of life in children and adolescents with chronic diseases."
- RCT: "In conclusion, this study showed that priming exercise did not improve performance when water polo players were analyzed as a whole group."
- RCT: "These findings do not support a neuroprotective effect of progressive aerobic exercise..." in Parkinson's Disease.
- RCT: "In older patients with overweight and persistent AF [atrial fibrillation], a low-calorie diet and behavioral support program was associated with significant weight loss at 8 months with no safety concerns but did not affect AF symptoms, AF burden, cardiac remodeling, or the need for further rhythm control interventions."
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