Obesity and Energetics Offerings

Featured

• Donna Arnett “Transforming cardiovascular health through genes and environment: presidential address at the American Heart Association 2012.”
• Civility and fidelity called for in scientific communications - even if complex.
• Self-report–based estimates of energy intake offer an inadequate basis for scientific conclusions.

Headlines versus Studies

• Headline: Drinking 5 cups of coffee everyday may lead to obesity: study.
• Headline: Wrong amount of coffee could kill you
• Study: A study of mice, involving a substance found in coffee, but no coffee, showing no significant weight gain, and reporting no deaths.

 Findings Contrary to Hypotheses or Popular Ideas

• Controlled trial to prevent childhood obesity in maternity and child health care clinics improved maternal glucose tolerance test results, but did not affect maternal weight gain, newborn anthropometry or infant weight gain.
• RCT: A pedometer-based physical activity intervention with telephone support produces no effect on health outcomes among type 2 diabetes patients.
• RCT: No effect of whey protein supplementation vs isoenergetic control on resistance exercise-induced changes in lean mass, muscle strength, and physical function in mobility-limited older adults.
• Overweight and obesity are not associated with dental caries among 12-year-old South Brazilian schoolchildren.
• Genetically obese mice do not show increased gut permeability or faecal bile acid hydrophobicity.
• RCT: No differential effect of experimental low-glycemic-load or conventional low-fat diet for 6 months in Treatment of Fatty Liver in Obese Children.
• RCT: The addition of a protein supplement to the diet of overweight and obese young adults, with dietary counseling incorporated, did not improve diet quality or suppress fasting appetite.
• Could the Net Health Effects of Food Stamps Be Negative?
• Meta-analysis shows no association between consumption of soft-drinks and the risk of cancer.
• RCT: No effect of a program of lifestyle changes to promote weight reduction, a randomized controlled trial in primary health care.
• RCT: The relative carbohydrate and protein content of the diet, when combined with intensive CBT, does not significantly affect attrition rate, weight loss and psychosocial outcome in patients with severe obesity.
• The obesity paradox in the surgical population

Basic Science

• Brown adipose tissue transplantation improves whole-body energy metabolism.
• Alpha-MSH signalling via melanocortin 5 receptor promotes lipolysis and impairs re-esterification in adipocytes.
• Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on in vitro global DNA methylation and adipocyte differentiation
• Low levels of physical activity are associated with increased metabolic syndrome risk factors in Korean adults
• Fat taste in humans: Sources of within- and between-subject variability.
• Disrupting rhythms: diet-induced obesity impairs diurnal rhythms in metabolic tissues.
• Inducible transgenic expression in the short-lived fish Nothobranchius furzeri
• Comparison of the metabolic effects of sustained CCK1 receptor activation alone and in combination with upregulated leptin signalling in high-fat-fed mice.
• Obesity-Associated Oxidative Stress: Strategies Finalized to Improve Redox State

Food

• The Addition of a Plain or Herb-Flavored Reduced-Fat Dip Is Associated with Improved Preschoolers' Intake of Vegetables.
• RCT: Low-carbohydrate diet is as safe as Mediterranean or low-fat diets in preserving/improving renal function among moderately obese participants with or without type 2 diabetes.
• RCT: Higher protein diets consumed ad libitum improve cardiovascular risk markers in children of overweight parents from eight European countries.
• Meta-analysis of RCTs: Compared with control diets, diets enriched with nuts did not increase body weight, body mass index, or waist circumference in controlled clinical trials.
• RCT: No effect of macronutrient composition in isoenergetic weight loss diets.
• RCT: No effect of high GI vs low GI diet on weight among overweight and in obese adult patients.
• No effect of 12 weeks' supplementation with 1 g DHA-rich or EPA-rich fish oil on cognitive function or mood.
• RCT: combination of a high-protein formula diet and polyglucosamine decreases body weight and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism in overweight and obese men and women.
• Cooked rice prevents hyperlipidemia in hamsters fed a high-fat/cholesterol diet by the regulation of the expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism.
• Dietary patterns and diet quality among diverse older adults: The University of Alabama at Birmingham study of aging.
• RCT: Breakfast consumption and exercise interact to affect cognitive performance and mood later in the day.
• Vegetable cost metrics show that potatoes and beans provide most nutrients per penny.
• Pilot Study: Financial Incentives Used to Increase Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Purchases in Lower-Income Households Have Mixed Results
• RCT: Daily flaxseed consumption improves glycemic control in obese men and women with pre-diabetes.

Exercise

• '10 000 Steps Flanders': evaluation of the state-wide dissemination of a physical activity intervention in Flanders.
• Meta-analysis of RCTs: The effects of physical activity and physical activity plus diet interventions on body weight in overweight or obese women who are pregnant or in postpartum: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
• RCT: No effect of substituting a physiotherapist for a nurse in pediatric weight loss sessions to stimulate physical activity.
• RCT: A physical education program decreases waist circumference in children: The JuvenTUM project.
• Don't just sit there. Really.
• Combined Aerobic/Strength Training and Energy Expenditure in Older Women.
• Cessation of physical exercise changes metabolism and modifies adipocyte cellularity of periepididymal white adipose tissue in rats.

Epidemiology

• The value of genetic information for diabetes risk prediction - differences according to sex, age, family history and obesity.
• The obesity paradox in the US population.
• Cardiometabolic risk after weight loss and subsequent weight regain in overweight and obese postmenopausal women.
• Obesity and risk of sepsis: A population-based cohort study.
• Poverty is the Main Environmental Factor for Obesity in a Mexican-Border City
• Cumulative Social Risk and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Obesity during the Transition to Adulthood
• Areca nut chewing and metabolic syndrome: evidence of a harmful relationship.
• Body Mass Index Is Associated With Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Patients: An Observational Cohort Study.
• A spatial analysis of community level overweight and obesity.
• Obesity status and colorectal cancer screening in the United States.
• A 'Rule of Sevens' evidenced as being more appropriate for obese burn victims, as opposed to the standard 'Rule of Nines'

Methods

• Authors opine that “Energy adjustment of nutrient intakes is preferable to adjustment using body weight and physical activity in epidemiological analyses.”
• Actigraph GT3X: Validation and Determination of Physical Activity Intensity Cut Points.
• Imaging Cold-Activated Brown Adipose Tissue Using Dynamic T2*-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography.
• Biomarkers of food intake and metabolite differences between plasma and red blood cell matrices; a human metabolomic profile approach.
• Three-dimensional body scanning: methods and applications for anthropometry.
• Development and evaluation of a genetic risk score for obesity.
• Two-Method Measurement for Adolescent Obesity Epidemiology: Reducing the Bias in Self-Report of Height and Weight.
• The cat as a model for human obesity: insights into depot-specific inflammation associated with feline obesity.

Policy Related

• A typology of beverage taxation: Multiple approaches for obesity prevention and obesity prevention-related revenue generation.
• Parens Patriae: A Flawed Strategy for State-Initiated Obesity Litigation.
• Guidelines updates in the treatment of obesity or metabolic syndrome and hypertension
• Changes in Sodium Levels in Processed and Restaurant Foods, 2005 to 2011.

Aging

• A Dwarf Mouse Model With Decreased GH/IGF-1 Activity That Does Not Experience Life-Span Extension: Potential Impact of Increased Adiposity, Leptin, and Insulin With Advancing Age.
• The impact of body mass index and weight changes on disability transitions and mortality in Brazilian older adults.
• Physical Performance in Relation to Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Healthy, Overweight, and Obese Postmenopausal Women.

Timing

• Restricting night-time eating reduces daily energy intake in healthy young men: a short-term cross-over study.
• RCT: Effects of caloric intake timing on insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Psychology

• Effects of mindful eating training on delay and probability discounting for food and money in obese and healthy-weight individuals.
• Losing the Symptoms: Weight Loss and Decrease in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms.
• Dietary fat types appeared to influence anxiety but not depression in mice.
• Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Obesity and Depression in Women

Caloric Restriction

• Calorie Restriction and Cancer Prevention: Established and Emerging Mechanisms.
• Dietary restriction of rodents decreases aging rate without affecting initial mortality rate - a meta-analysis.
• Beneficial cardiac effects of caloric restriction are lost with age in a murine model of obesity.
• Dietary Regimen of Caloric Restriction or Pharmacological Activation of SIRT1 to Delay the Onset of Neurodegeneration.
• Dietary restriction of rodents decreases aging rate without affecting initial mortality rate - a meta-analysis
• Dietary Restriction Depends on Nutrient Composition to Extend Chronological Lifespan in Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
• Extension of Drosophila Lifespan by Rhodiola rosea through a Mechanism Independent from Dietary Restriction
• Beneficial effects of a 6-month dietary restriction are time-dependently abolished within 2 weeks or 6 months of refeeding-genome-wide transcriptome analysis in mouse liver.

Evolution, Ecology & Energetics

• The relationship between body mass and field metabolic rate among individual birds and mammals.
• Thermoregulation in African Green Pigeons (Treron calvus) and a re-analysis of insular effects on basal metabolic rate and heterothermy in columbid birds.
• Prolonged fasting activates Nrf2 in postweaned elephant seals.

Drugs

• RCT: Zonisamide is tolerated well and reduces weight among patients with schizophrenia being treated with atypical antipsychotics.
• Effects of growth hormone withdrawal in obese premenopausal women.
• Pharmacologic treatment options for obesity: What is old is new again
• Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes Using Oxytocin or Analogs in Patients and Mouse Models
• RCT: The Effect of leptin, caffeine/ephedrine, and their combination upon visceral fat mass and weight loss
• RCT: Maternal metformin treatment decreases fetal inflammation in a rat model of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Weight Loss

• RCT: Renal Function Following Three Distinct Weight Loss Dietary Strategies
• RCT: Relationship of cravings with weight loss and hunger. Results from a 6 month worksite weight loss intervention.
• Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is safe and efficacious for pretransplant candidates.

Child Maltreatment

• The Force-Feeding of Young Girls: Mauritania's Failure to Enforce Preventative Measures and Comply with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women.
• FAMILY LAW—CHILDHOOD MORBID OBESITY: HOW EXCESS POUNDS CAN TIP THE SCALES OF JUSTICE IN FAVOR OF REMOVING A CHILD FROM THE HOME AND/OR TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS.
• Childhood maltreatment and obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Trans-generational effects

• Maternal Obesity Has Little Effect on the Immediate Offspring but Impacts on the Next Generation in Mice.
• Evidence for transgenerational metabolic programming in Drosophila.
• Maternal obesity: how big an impact does it have on offspring prenatally and during postnatal life?
• Hydrocarbons (jet fuel JP-8) induce epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of obesity, reproductive disease and sperm epimutations.
• Women's Weight-Loss Surgery May Benefit Later Offspring.

Menu Labeling

• Consumers' estimation of calorie content at fast food restaurants: cross sectional observational study.
• The Energy Content of Restaurant Foods Without Stated Calorie Information.
• Equivocal results of menu labeling intervention at chain restaurants.
• Use of calorie information at fast food and chain restaurants among US youth aged 9-18 years, 2010.

Commentary

• What's the Big Deal?: The Ethics of Public-Private Partnerships Related to Food and Health.
• Nobel prizes, chocolate and milk: The statistical view.
• Great or Not Such Great Expectations: Weight Loss Goals.
• Sleeve gastrectomy: The ideal choice for weight-loss surgery.

 General Science

• The importance of surprising findings in psychology.
• Little evidence that editors, authors or reviewers use the peer review process as an opportunity to play citation games.

Findings Contrary to Hypotheses or Popular Ideas

• Large chain restaurant meals had, on average, fewer calories than independent and small-chain restaurants.
• No compelling evidence of association between Religiosity/Spirituality and the Metabolic Syndrome among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos.
• No Benefit Seen in Sharp Limits on Salt in Diet.
• Living in food desert was not significantly associated with BMI after potential covariates were considered.
• Ain't no mountain high enough? Setting high weight loss goals predict effort and short-term weight loss.
• No clear association of the early introduction of solid food with childhood obesity.
• No association of sugar-sweetened beverage intake with weight status in national sample of children with measured heights and weights.

Aging

• Young and old genetically heterogeneous HET3 mice on a rapamycin diet are glucose intolerant but insulin sensitive.
• Do sirtuins promote mammalian longevity?: A Critical review on its relevance to the longevity effect induced by calorie restriction.
• Calorie restriction (CR) and CR mimetics for the prevention and treatment of age-related eye disorders.

Basic Science

• Effects of chronic exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on energy balance in developing rats.
• Latitudinal patterns in phenotypic plasticity: the case of seasonal flexibility in lizards’ fat body size.
• An increase in the accumulation of adipose tissue in growing male mice caused by disturbances in the sleep-wake cycle following night-shifts.
• The role of ghrelin in energy balance regulation in fish.
• Characteristics and metabolism of different adipose tissues in fish.
• Brown adipose tissue transplantation improves whole-body energy metabolism.
• Neural circuits and motivational processes for hunger.
• Leptin Sensitive Sensory Nerves Innervate White Fat.
• Developmental programming: Impact of prenatal testosterone excess on insulin sensitivity, adiposity, and free fatty acid profile in sheep.
• Metabolism: CBAT and rBAT crosstalk to regulate temperature and energy balance.

Clinical

• BMI in relation to sperm count: An updated systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis.
• RCT: Inspiratory muscle training effects on diaphragmatic mobility, pulmonary function and maximum respiratory pressures in morbidly obese individuals.
• RCT: Whole body vibration training improves leg blood flow and adiposity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• RCT: Tight Calorie Control in geriatric patients following hip fracture decreases complications.
• Ketosis and appetite-mediating nutrients and hormones after weight loss.

Commentary

• Martin Binks on the Perils on Looking for Heroes and Villains in Food.
• Obesity and blame: elusive goals for personal responsibility.
• National obesity rates: a legitimate health policy endpoint?
• Good and bad ideas in obesity prevention.
• Exchanges on obesity and smoking.

Dietary Fat

• Review calls for reevaluation of dietary recommendations to minimize dietary SFAs, for which mechanisms for adverse health effects are lacking.
• High-fat, low-carbohydrate diet alters myocardial oxidative stress and impairs recovery of cardiac function after ischemia and reperfusion in obese rats.
• RCT: Analysis of esterified and nonesterified fatty acids in serum from obese individuals after breakfasts prepared with oils heated at frying temperature.
• RCT: Among patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, n−3 fatty acids did not reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.

Food

• RCT: Fattening Fasting: Hungry Grocery Shoppers Buy More Calories, Not More Food.
• Restaurant Meals: Almost a Full Day's Worth of Calories, Fats, and Sodium.
• Eating Out Without Overeating.
• FDA studies caffeine's effects on children, teens.
• Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: a meta-analysis of RCTs.
• Adherence to National Diet and Physical Activity Objectives among Military Personnel: What Are the Implications?
• Do Environmental Interventions Impact Elementary School Students' Lunchtime Milk Selection?
• Normal protein intake required for weight loss and maintenance, elevated protein intake for preservation of REE and FFM.
• Eating insects could help fight obesity, U.N. says.
• RCT: Smaller breakfasts lead to lesser total intake in day.
• Meals inspired by ancestors show some short term benefits.

Gut Microbiota

• Gut microbe may fight obesity and diabetes.
• 100 Trillion Friendly Germs: Some Might Control Your Weight.

Methods

• Estimating Obesity Rates in the Presence of Measurement Error.
• Observational Bias during Nutrition Surveillance: Results of a Mixed Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Data Collection System in Northern Nigeria.
• Measurement error is altered by participation in a physical activity intervention.
• Panel regression formulas for estimating stature and body mass from immature human skeletons: A statistical approach without reference to specific age estimates.
• Apples and oranges: a comparison of costing methods for obesity.
• Accuracy and preference of measuring resting energy expenditure using a handheld calorimeter in healthy adults.
• Fat tissue measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry: Cross-calibration of 3 different fan-beam instruments.

Neighborhoods

• Change in Neighborhood Traffic Safety: Does It Matter in Terms of Physical Activity?
• Disentangling neighborhood contextual associations with child BMI, diet, and physical activity: Role of built, socioeconomic, and social environments.
• Neighborhood deprivation and change in BMI among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Physical Activity

• The energy expenditure of sedentary behavior: a whole room calorimeter study.
• Web-Enabled Feedback Control Over Energy Balance Associated with an Increase in Physical Activity and a Reduction of Body Weight.

Policy Related

• Law as a Tool in "The War on Obesity": Useful Interventions, Maybe, But, First, What's the Problem?
• If Sugar Is Addictive...What Does It Mean for the Law?

Psychology

• Greater impulsivity is associated with decreased brain activation in obese women during a delay discounting task.
• Happy Eating And Obesity: Happiness Tied To Comfort Eating And Weight Gain

Research Reproducibility and Integrity

• Whither research integrity? Plagiarism, self-plagiarism and coercive citation in an age of research assessment.
• The Matilda Effect in Science Communication: An Experiment on Gender Bias in Publication Quality Perceptions and Collaboration Interest.
• Biomarkers in cardiovascular medicine: The shame of publication bias.
• Half of researchers have reported trouble reproducing published findings.

Salt

• Changes in Sodium Levels in Processed and Restaurant Foods, 2005 to 2011.
• IOM Report: Sodium Intake in Populations: Assessment of Evidence.

Stigma

• Obesity stigma: a failed and ethically dubious strategy.
• If Shaming Reduced Obesity, There Would Be No Fat People.
• Bootcamp, brides, and BMI: Biopedagogical narratives of health and belonging on canadian size-transformation television.

Sugar, SSBs, and related

• Whey protein sweetened beverages reduce glycemic and appetite responses and food intake in young females.
• Short-term association of sugar consumption with hunger and ad libitum food intake in young women.
• Building a Strategy for Obesity Prevention One Piece at a Time: The Case of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation.
• Mondo/ChREBP-Mlx-Regulated Transcriptional Network Is Essential for Dietary Sugar Tolerance in Drosophila.

Surgery

• Weight Loss after Gastric Bypass Surgery in Human Obesity Remodels Promoter Methylation.
• Operator independent focused high frequency ISM band for fat reduction: Porcine model.
• Unrealistic weight loss goals and expectations among bariatric surgery.

Video

• Molly Bray on Genetic & Environmental Influences on Obesity and Exercise.
• The importance of publishing datasets.
• Tim Garvey on “New Tools for Weight Loss Therapy: A Complications-Centric Model for Obesity Management and Cardiometabolic Disease Staging”
• Strategies to Optimize the Impact of Nutritional Surveys and Epidemiological Studies – Experimental Biology Session

Findings Contrary to Hypotheses or Popular Ideas

• A more ‘healthful’ food environment associated with less obesity among the rich, but with higher obesity lower-income African Americans.
• No difference in energy expenditure among children between the school year and the summer months.
• After moderate intensity exercise, a meal with a high-fat/low-carbohydrate ratio had a less favorable metabolic impact than an isoenergetic, isoproteic low-fat/high-carbohydrate meal.
• Candy consumption among adults not associated with adiposity or select cardiovascular risk factors.
• RCT: No effect of magnesium supplementation on body composition and muscle strength in middle-aged overweight women.
• RCT: A high-fibre bean-rich diet was as effective as a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss, although only the bean-rich diet lowered atherogenic lipids.
• RCT: No effect of low sucrose diet on weight or body composition.
• Neighborhood walkability associated with less physical activity and more obesity.
• Adolescents who went to McDonald’s and Subway bought about the same number of calories at each, despite Subway's reputation as a healthier place.

Aging

• Fasting and Caloric Restriction?
• Lactobacillus salivarius strain FDB89 induced longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans by dietary restriction.
• Young blood reverses heart decline in old mice.

Video & Audio

• Brian Parks “A systems genetics approach to study obesity, dietary interactions, and the microbiome"
• Radio: David Allison on Myths of Obesity.
• Radio: Adam Drewnowski on economics and geography of obesity.

Gary Taubes Essay and Comments

• Re: The science of obesity: what do we really know about what makes us fat?
• Re: The science of obesity: what do we really know about what makes us fat? An essay by Gary Taubes.
• The science of obesity: what do we really know about what makes us fat? An essay by Gary Taubes.

Surgery

• Overweight patients achieve ideal body weight following curative gastrectomy resulting in better long-term prognosis.
• Occipital C1-C2 neuromodulation decreases body mass and fat stores and modifies activity of the autonomic nervous system in morbidly obese patients - A pilot study 
• Swallowable gastric balloons as an aid for weight loss: A pilot feasibility study.
• Duodenal–jejunal bypass improves glucose metabolism and adipokine expression independently of weight loss in a diabetic rat model.

Sugar-Related

• Gut hormone release and appetite regulation in healthy non-obese participants following oligofructose intake. A dose-escalation study. 
• Really? most of the added sugar in our diets comes from sugary drinks.
• Scientific review of Robert Lustig’s fat chance.
• Reduced prevalence of obesity in children with primary fructose malabsorption: a multicentre, retrospective cohort study.
• Sucralose affects glycemic and hormonal responses to an oral glucose load.
• Consumption of added sugars among U.S. adults, 2005–2010.

Stigma

• The affective and interpersonal consequences of obesity: Weight and the stereotype content model.
• The stigmatization of obesity among Gypsy and Hungarian children.
• Weight bias as a function of personality, attributions and contact experiences.

Schools/Community

• RCT: A 20-month school-based intervention on BMI shows benefit in girls, but not in boys.
• Meta-analysis: Educational interventions are effective in treatment, but not prevention, of childhood obesity and its consequences.

Psychology

• I know not to, but I can't help it: Weight gain and changes in impulsivity-related personality traits.
• Different paths towards obesity: Exploring the relation between obesity and insecurity.
• More schooling appears to reduce the risk of obesity. evidence from U.K. twins.

Policy Related

• Consumer Understanding of Calorie Amounts and Serving Size: Implications for Nutritional Labelling.
• Is less always more? The effects of low-fat labeling and caloric information on food intake, calorie estimates, taste preference, and health attributions.
• An interesting NIH grant: INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY RHETORIC ON PUBLIC HEALTH OUTCOMES IN JUDICI…
• NEJM Editorial asserts "There is robust scientific support for various alternative strategies for presenting calorie information to consumers...."

Methods

• Zinc-α2-glycoprotein as a marker of fat catabolism in humans.
• Environment feature extraction and classification for Context aware Physical Activity monitoring.
• How to investigate within-subject associations between physical activity and momentary affective states in everyday life.
• Self-report based adolescent obesity prevalence estimates are likely biased downward because of selective non-responding.
• A multilevel approach to estimating small area childhood obesity prevalence at the census block-group level.
• Measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness by near-infrared.
• Analyzing weight loss intervention studies with missing data: Which methods should be used?
• Use of scanning electron microscopy to monitor nanofibre/cell interaction in digestive epithelial cells.
• Modeling energy expenditure in children and adolescents using quantile regression.
• Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey.
• Animals in research: Zebrafish.

Gut Microbiota

• Composition of dietary fat source shapes gut microbiota architecture and alters host inflammatory mediators in mouse adipose tissue.
• Differences in gut microbiota composition between obese and lean children: a cross-sectional study.

Genetics

• Genome-wide meta-analysis of observational studies shows common genetic variants associated with macronutrient intake.
• FTO predicts weight regain in the Look AHEAD clinical trial.
• Genome-wide association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms with weight loss outcomes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

General Science

• Group heterogeneity increases the risks of large group size: A longitudinal study of productivity in research groups.
• Research team developing system that could diagnose a disease simply by patients blowing into a device.
• Incidental exposure to no-smoking signs ironically boosts cigarette-approach tendencies in smokers.
• COPE's new Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers: background, issues, and evolution.
• NIH Details Impact of 2013 Sequester Cuts.
• How to stop Excel errors driving austerity economics.
• Careful: Your big data analytics may be polluted by data scientist bias.

Food

• Vegetables containing phytochemicals with potential anti-obesity properties: A review.
• Mouse strain-dependent variation in obesity and glucose homeostasis in response to high-fat feeding.
• RCT: Consumption of low-fat dairy foods for 6 months improves insulin resistance without adversely affecting lipids or bodyweight in healthy adults.
• Control of protein and energy intake - brain mechanisms.
• RCT: Preordering school lunch encourages better food choices by children.
• RCT: Oatmeal shows satiety advantages over cereal in study.
• High-fat, low-carbohydrate diet alters myocardial oxidative stress and impairs recovery of cardiac function after ischemia and reperfusion in obese rats.
• RCT: Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 in fermented milk on abdominal adiposity in adults.
• Paleolithic diet is associated with unfavorable changes to blood lipids in healthy subjects.
• The interactions of dietary tomato powder and soy germ on prostate carcinogenesis in the TRAMP model.

Exercise

• Exercise and caloric restriction modulate resident immune cells in adipose tissues differently in spite of an equivalent body weight reduction.
• Physical activity and physical activity induced energy expenditure in humans: measurement, determinants, and effects.
• RCT: Moderate-intensity high-volume aerobic exercise produces greater improvements in sexual function, testosterone, and fat mass than smaller exercise volume.
• More rigorous workplace physical activity studies produce weaker results: a systematic review.
• RCT: Being active between mental work and a meal may create a negative energy balance following mental work.
• RCT: Only combined aerobic and resistance training reduced body fat in older men.
• RCT: In PE classes, a mastery approach, which allows children to drive their own physical activity, elicits more time spent in MVPA.
• Listening to music during exercise increase the metabolic efficiency by improvement of perceived exertion rate and increased anaerobic threshold.
• Educating the Student Body: Taking physical activity and physical education to school - Report Release Meeting May 32, 2013.

Epidemiology

• The associations of perceived neighborhood disorder and physical activity with obesity among African American adolescents.
• Population-adjusted street connectivity, urbanicity and risk of obesity in the U.S. 
• The geographic concentration of U.S adult obesity prevalence and associated social, economic, and environmental factors.

Evolution, Ecology, & Energetics

• The lifespan-reproduction trade-off under dietary restriction is sex-specific and context-dependent.  
• Basal metabolic rate can evolve independently of morphological and behavioural traits.
• Costs of colour change in fish: food intake and behavioural decisions.
• The effect of hydration state and energy balance on innate immunity of a desert reptile.

Drugs

• Efficacy and safety of lorcaserin in obese adults: A meta-analysis of 1-year randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and narrative review on short-term RCTs.  
• Association of long-term treatment of hypogonadal men with testosterone with sustained weight loss.
• US patent for vaccine treatment of obesity is awarded.
• Clinical utility of phentermine/topiramate (Qsymia™) combination for the treatment of obesity.

Commentary

• Ascent to altitude as a weight loss method: The good and bad of hypoxia inducible factor activation.
• Standards and classification: A perspective on the 'obesity epidemic'.
• Energy efficiency as a unifying principle for human, environmental, and global health.
• Articulating Fatness: Obesity and the Scientific Tautologies of Bodily Accumulation in Neoliberal Times.
• Wishful thinking about food deserts.
• Can a weight loss of one pound a week be achieved with a 3500-kcal deficit? Commentary on a commonly accepted rule.
• Obesity treatment paradigms should target those at risk for diabetes.

Clinical

• Parent-only vs. parent-child (family-focused) approaches for weight loss in obese and overweight children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
• RCT: Stress management can facilitate weight loss in Greek overweight and obese women.
• RCT: Executive function training with game elements for obese children.
• In Trials, weight loss is associated with an increase in both bound and unbound testosterone levels.
• Packaged diet foods may spur more weight loss.
• The internal circadian clock increases hunger and appetite in the evening independent of food intake and other behaviors.

Body Composition

• Of mice, rats and men: Trabecular bone architecture in mammals scales to body mass with negative allometry.
• Getting to the height of the matter: the relationship between stature and adiposity in pre-pubertal children.
• Evidence for two types of brown adipose tissue in humans.

Basic

• Cloning of the heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) gene and its tissue-specific expression profile in the Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep, Ovis aries.
• Extract of Cinnamomum cassia twigs inhibits adipocyte differentiation via activation of the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
• Role of circadian clock gene expression in metabolic adaptation upon switching from high to low carb diets with replacement by fat.
• Evidence for transgenerational metabolic programming in Drosophila.
• Exposure to light at night increase weight and accelerates aging and carcinogenesis in female 129/Sv mice.
• Metabolic regulation of brain response to food cues.
• Developmental origins of a novel gut morphology in frogs.

Announcements

• 3rd Short Course on Statistical Genetics and Genomics.
• IOM Webcast and Meeting: Creating Equal Opportunities for a Healthy Weight - A Workshop - June 6-7, 2013.
• IOM Weight of the Nation for Kids airs Tuesday, May 7, beginning at 5:30 pm ET/PT.
• Using mice in research: Everything not in the literature - Jackson Laboratory webinar May 16, 2013.
• Q&A with the USDA –Webinar July 9, 2013.