Obesity and Energetics Offerings

Featured

• From the Obesity Society: "Health care providers should be aware of the lack of evidence and deficiencies in regulatory oversight of dietary supplements marketed for weight loss."
• Systematic Review: Dietary Supplements and Alternative Therapies for Weight Loss.
• Meta-Analysis of RCTs: Effect of Meal Replacement on Weight Loss According to Calorie-Restriction Type and Proportion of Energy Intake.
• Bringing Disgust in Through the Backdoor in Healthy Food Promotion: A Phenomenological Perspective.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: A Milk Chocolate a Day Can Keep Those Extra Kilos at Bay.
• Headline: SWEET! Eating CHOCOLATE for Breakfast Can Supercharge Your Weight Loss, Scientists Discover.
• Study: Postmenopausal Caucasian Women Did Not Gain Significant Body Weight over Two Weeks During No Chocolate, Morning Chocolate, or Evening Chocolate Periods in a Randomized Cross-Over Study.

Contrary or Null Findings

• Meta-Analysis: "Nurse-led interventions to prevent juvenile obesity are feasible but have not yet determined effectiveness."
• Short Term HIIT Does Not Promote Oxidative Stress or Muscle Damage [in Rats].
• With COVID-19 Lockdown "There was no significant relationship between change in use of fast-food restaurants and full-service restaurants and the change in BMI, either alone or in combination..."
• "Our results show that TTA can be used to manipulate body lipid levels in juvenile Chinook salmon but provide no support for a major role of fall body lipid levels in regulating precocious maturation in juvenile male spring Chinook salmon under hatchery conditions."
• RCT: "The consumption of 25g of yacon flour associated with energy-restricted diet did not increase the concentrations of glycation markers."
• Thesis: RCT-No differential effect of "Gain- and Loss-Framed Messages on Intent to Exercise in Adults Over 40 years."
• RCT: "no significant differences in anthropometry or body composition were observed until 2 years of age between infants fed mLP and CTRL formula, despite the significantly lower protein intake in the mLP group during the intervention period."
• Meta-Analysis: "It is not clear whether interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour are effective at reducing sedentary time in community-dwelling older adults."

Basic

• Phosphorylation of STAT3 in Hypothalamic Nuclei Is Stimulated by Lower Doses of Leptin Than are Needed to Inhibit Food Intake.
• Deciphering an AgRP-Serotoninergic Neural Circuit in Distinct Control of Energy Metabolism from Feeding.
• PKM1 Exerts Critical Roles in Cardiac Remodeling Under Pressure Overload in the Heart.
• Sleeve Gastrectomy Attenuates the Severity of Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Obese Rats.
• Cognitive Impairment in Obese Rat Model: Role of Glial Cells.
• Bioactive Compounds from Prosthechea Karwinskii Decrease Obesity, Insulin Resistance, Pro-Inflammatory Status, and Cardiovascular Risk in Wistar Rats with Metabolic Syndrome.
• Immune Checkpoint Blockade Reprograms Systemic Immune Landscape and Tumor Microenvironment in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer.
• Obesity Accelerates Hair Thinning by Stem Cell-Centric Converging Mechanisms.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Podcast: #167 – Gary Taubes: Bad Science and Challenging the Conventional Wisdom of Obesity.
• Retraction: Myeloperoxidase Deletion Prevents High-Fat Diet–Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance.

Clinical

• ADA Meeting Coverage: Hospitalization Rates for New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes in Kids Took Off During Pandemic.
• Meta-Analysis: The Effects of Low-Fat, High-Carbohydrate Diets Vs. Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diets on Weight, Blood Pressure, Serum Liquids and Blood Glucose.
• Leg Fidgeting During Prolonged Sitting Improves Postprandial Glycemic Control in People with Obesity.
• Six-Year Changes in N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Changes in Weight and Risk of Obesity.
• Differences in Adolescent Cerebral Perfusion as a Function of Obesity.
• Benchmarking of Provider Competencies and Current Training for Prevention and Management of Obesity Among Family Medicine Residency Programs: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
• Ironing Out the Effects of Overweight and Obesity on Hepcidin Production During Pregnancy.

Children and Adolescents

• Evaluation of Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy in the Treatment of Adolescents with Obesity and Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Retrospective Study.
• Trends in Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents in France: A Nationwide Analysis on an 11- Year Period.
• Trajectories of Adiposity Indicators and Association with Asthma and Lung Function in Urban Minority Children.
• Neck Fat and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adolescents with Obesity.
• Effect of Preschool Childcare on School-Aged Children’s Adiposity in Quebec, Canada.
• COVID-19 Leads to Accelerated Increases in Children's BMI Z-Score Gain: An Interrupted Time-Series Study.
• AHA Conference Presentation: Breast Milk-Dependent Associations of Infant Gut Microbiota with Childhood BMI Z Score.
• Meta-Analysis: The Effects of Motivational Interviewing on Children's BMI and Fat Distributions.

Surgery

• Letter: Pre-Transplant Bariatric Surgery Is Not Associated with an Increased Risk of Infection After Kidney Transplant.
• Identification of the Source Events for Aerosol Generation During Oesophago-Gastro-Duodenoscopy.
• Constraints of Weight Loss as a Marker of Bariatric Surgery Success: An Exploratory Study.
• Circulating Bacterial Signature Is Linked to Metabolic Disease and Shifts with Metabolic Alleviation After Bariatric Surgery.

Drugs

• The Impact of BMI on Efficacy and Safety in the Tofacitinib OCTAVE Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Programme.
• Viewpoint: Progress in Pharmacotherapy for Obesity.
• Scoping Review: Signaling Targets Related to Antiobesity Effects of Capsaicin.

Food & Diet

• The Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Overweight and Obesity Among Adult in Jiangsu Province of China: A Structural Equation Model.
• The Mediatory Role of Inflammatory Markers on the Relationship between Dietary Energy Density and Body Composition Among Adult Women with Overweight or Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study.
• Meta-Analysis: Does Self-Monitoring Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors Using Digital Technology Support Adults with Obesity or Overweight to Lose Weight?

Caloric and Dietary Restriction

• Effect of 2-Year Caloric Restriction on Organ and Tissue Size in 21- to 50-Year-Old Adults without Obesity in an RCT.
• Meta-Analysis: Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Dietary Interventions on LDL Particle Size and Number in Adults in the Context of Weight Loss or Weight Maintenance.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews: EHealth Interventions Targeting Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, or Obesity in Adults.
• Improving Lifestyle Obesity Treatment During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: New Challenges for Weight Management.
• Fear-Related Barriers to Physical Activity Among Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Narrative Synthesis Scoping Review.
• Systematic Review: Physical Activity Motives, Barriers, and Preferences in People with Obesity.

Economics & Sociology

• Household Composition, Income, and BMI Among Adults by Race/Ethnicity and Sex.
• Interaction of Genetic and Environmental Factors for Body Fat Mass Control: Observational Study for Lifestyle Modification and Genotyping.
• Socioeconomic Inequalities in Overweight and Obesity Among 6- to 9-Year-Old Children in 24 Countries from the World Health Organization European Region.
• BMI and Dissatisfaction with Life: Contextual Factors and Socioemotional Costs of Obesity.
• Impact of Cuts to Local Government Spending on Sure Start Children’s Centres on Childhood Obesity in England: A Longitudinal Ecological Study.
• Price Promotions Offered by Quick Service Restaurants in Australia: Analysis from an Obesity Prevention Perspective.
• The Effect of Beverage Taxes on Youth Consumption and BMI: Evidence from Mauritius.
• Association of Funding and Meal Preparation Time with Nutritional Quality of Meals of Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program Recipients.

Epidemiology

• The Ergonomic Impact of Patient BMI on Surgeon Posture During Simulated Laparoscopy.
• Dietary Exposure to Parabens and BMI in an Adolescent Spanish Population.
• The Inverse Association of BMI with Lung Cancer: Exploring Residual Confounding, Metabolic Aberrations and Within-Person Variability in Smoking.
• The Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Women in Jordan: A Risk Factor for Developing Chronic Diseases.
• Timing and Length of Nocturnal Sleep and Daytime Napping and Associations with Obesity Types in High-, Middle-, and Low-Income Countries.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Review: Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Role of Fructose in Overfeeding.
• Competing Influences on Healthy Food Choices: Mindsetting Versus Contextual Food Cues.
• Reduction of Impulsivity in Patients Receiving Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment for Obesity.
• Review: Obesity and Dietary Fat Influence Dopamine Neurotransmission: Exploring the Convergence of Metabolic State, Physiological Stress, and Inflammation on Dopaminergic Control of Food Intake.
• Reassessing Relationships between Appetite and Adiposity in People at Risk of Obesity: A Twin Study Using FMRI.

Equity and Disparities

• Race, Ethnicity, and COVID-19: The Persistence of Black–White Disparities in the United States.
• Disparities in Obesity Prevalence in Iranian Adults: Cross-Sectional Study Using Data from the 2016 STEPS Survey.
• Educational Inequalities in Obesity: A Multilevel Analysis of Survey Data from Cities in Latin America.

Stigma

• Associations between Weight Status, Body Satisfaction, Ethnic Identity and Self-Esteem in Oceanian Adolescents.
• Perspective: Weight Stigma Study in the U.S. And 5 Other Nations Shows the Worldwide Problem of Such Prejudice.

Policy Related

• Improving Obesity Treatment Through Telemedicine: Increasing Access to Bariatric Surgery.
• Rising to the Challenge: Introducing Protocols to Monitor Food Marketing to Children from the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe.
• Effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and the Policy Response on Childhood Obesity Risk Factors: Gender and Sex Differences and Recommendations for Research.
• Renewed Call for Lifestyle Interventions to Address Obesity Among Individuals with Serious Mental Illness in the COVID-19 Era and Beyond.

Intergenerational Effects

• Early Onset of Overweight Among Children from Low-Income Families: The Role of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Maternal Intake of Ultra-Processed Food.
• Are Body Roundness Index and a Body Shape Index in the First Trimester Related to Foetal Macrosomia?
• Food Parenting Practices and Eating Behaviors in Childhood: A Cross-Lagged Approach Within the Generation XXI Cohort.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Dietary Restriction Induces a Stable Metabolic Obesity Phenotype in Drosophila Melanogaster.
• Scientific Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Potential of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Ocimum Sanctum (Linn.) in Monosodium Glutamate - High Fat Diet Induced Obese Mice. (pdf)

Methods

• A Distribution-Centered Approach for Analyzing Human Adipocyte Size Estimates and Their Association with Obesity-Related Traits and Mitochondrial Function.
• "Weight loss maintainers underreported energy intake in both absolute and relative terms to a greater extent than controls of normal body weight but not controls with overweight/obesity"

Commentary

• Are Continuous Glucose Monitors a Waste of Time for People Without Diabetes?
• Waiting for Godot and for SSB Taxes to Work.
• The Protein Content of Baloney, and Vice Versa.
• Threatening People with Starvation to Make Them Work.
• No Good Evidence Weight Loss Supplements Work: Study.
• Tirzepatide and Semaglutide Begin to Compete.
• IU Study Finds Obesity Increases Breast Cancer Risk in Black Women.
• Public Health Policy That Harms More Than Helps.

General

• Thesis: Thesis: Males of the Wolf Spider Rabidosa Rabida Use Two Mechanisms to Stun Females During Copulation.
• When South African Bees Reproduce Asexually, They Make Near-Perfect Clones of Themselves.
• Quantifying Frequency Content in Cross-Sectional Retinal Scans of Individuals with Diabetes vs. Controls.
• Loss of P21-Activated Kinase Mbt/PAK4 Causes Parkinson-Like Phenotypes in Drosophila.
• A Novel Theory of Asian Elephant High-Frequency Squeak Production.
• Worker Ants Promote Outbreeding by Transporting Young Queens to Alien Nests.
• The Effects of Repetition Frequency on the Illusory Truth Effect.
• Using Systems Applications to Inform Obesity Solutions.

Video & Audio

• Best Practices for Using Animals in Aging Research Wednesday, June 23, 2021 | 2-3pm Eastern (11am-12pm Pacific) View the Webinar Recording Here.

Announcements

• Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington Researchers Co-Author Mayo Clinic COVID-19 Drug Study.
• Join TOS's Spokesperson Network.
• TOS Call for Late-Breaking Abstracts.
• Applications Open: The Mathematical Sciences in Obesity Research: Friday, July 23rd to Friday, August 13th, 2021.
• Priority Deadline Extended: Strengthening Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research: Friday, September 10th to Friday, October 1st, 2021.
• Nutrition Science Tenure/Tenure-Track: Full/Associate/Assistant Professor Search.
• Nutrition Science Non-Tenure-Track: Clinical Full/Associate/Assistant Professor; Senior Lecturer/Lecturer Search.

Featured

• Obesity, Inflammatory and Thrombotic Markers, and Major Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 in the US.
• "Our data suggest that the behavioral or perceptual consequences of exposure to individual macronutrients, involving serotonin signaling through 5-HT2A, qualitatively change the state of metabolic networks throughout the organism..."
• The Effect of the Temperature of Plain or Sweetened Water on Body Composition in Rats.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Junk Food Diet Makes Lorry Drivers Worse Behind the Wheel, Study Suggest.
• Press-Release: Junk Food Diet May Boost Risk of Dangerous Driving Among Truck/lorry Drivers.
• Study: Associations Among Principle-Component-Derived, Self-Reported Dietary Patterns and Truck Driver Self-Reported Behaviors and Fatigue.

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: "Alternate-day fasting less effectively reduces body fat mass than a matched degree of daily energy restriction and without evidence of fasting-specific effects on metabolic regulation or cardiovascular health."
• RCT: "Contrary to predictions, participants in the kcal labelling condition …chose larger portion sizes compared to the no labelling condition..."
• RCT: "The intake of pistachio or milk for a month doesn’t have any effects on calorie intake in obese and overweight people."
• RCT: Little to No Significant Impact of School-Based Health Behavioral Intervention on Awareness, Practice Pattern of Healthy Lifestyle, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among School Children of Shimla.
• "Contrary to expectations, a peer-created ego-climate was positively associated with three life skills and total life skills [in youth sport]."
• Hyperglucagonemia Does Not Explain the β-Cell Hyperresponsiveness and Insulin Resistance in Dysglycemic Youth Compared with Adults.
• Dietary Citrulline Does Not Modify Rat Colon Tumor Response to Chemotherapy, but Failed to Improve Nutritional Status.
• Preprint: Excess Dietary Fructose Does Not Alter Gut Microbiota or Permeability in Humans.

Basic

• "...these results support the conclusion that autophagy-inhibitory factor acyl-coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP) / diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) may play an important role in body mass homeostasis as well as in its failure."
• AGE/RAGE/DIAPH1 Axis Is Associated with Immunometabolic Markers and Risk of Insulin Resistance in Subcutaneous but Not Omental Adipose Tissue in Human Obesity.
• Contractility of Permeabilized Rat Vastus Intermedius Muscle Fibres Following High-Fat, High-Sucrose Diet Consumption.
• Vitamin C Inhibits the Metabolic Changes Induced by Tet1 Insufficiency Under High Fat Diet Stress.
• Small Intestinal Tuft Cell Activity Associates with Energy Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obesity.
• Leucine, but Not Isoleucine or Valine, Affects Serum Lipid Profiles and Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Mice.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Article: Selection of Antiobesity Medications Based on Phenotypes Enhances Weight Loss.
• Corrigendum: Correction to Selection of Antiobesity Medications Based on Phenotypes Enhances Weight Loss.
• Review: "As food-based dietary guidelines evolve to better align with the Sustainable Development Goals nutrition and health goals, it will be imperative that they continue to shift their dairy recommendations beyond a focus on individual nutrients toward a more holistic focus..."
• Nutrition Researchers Urge Update to Lab Animal Diets.
• Oops: Published but Not Registered or Randomized.
• An Exercise in Frustration: A Researcher Is Impersonated.

Clinical

• RCT: Effects of Exercise and Diet on Health-Related Quality of Life in Survivors of Breast Cancer with Overweight or Obesity.
• "The majority of participants enrolled in a behavioral weight loss program gained weight during the COVID-19 pandemic."

Children and Adolescents

• "Overall, shorter breastfeeding duration and earlier food and sweetened beverage introduction is associated with higher weight z-scores [in infants during the first year]."
• "Preliminary evidence suggests rural children display multiple unfavorable obesogenic behaviors on days when they do not attend school or other structured programs."
• Childhood Adiposity Associated with Expanded Effector Memory CD8 + and Vδ2 +Vγ9 + T Cells.
• Food Environment Solutions for Childhood Obesity in Latin America and Among Latinos Living in the United States.
• Estimates of Childhood Overweight and Obesity at the Region, State, and County Levels Using a Multilevel Small Area Estimation Approach.
• Association of Short Stature and Obesity with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Iranian Children and Adolescents.
• Association of Sedentary Patterns with Body Fat Distribution Among US Children and Adolescents: A Population Based Study.
• Review: Urban Sprawl and Childhood Obesity.

Surgery

• Meta-analysis: The Relationship between Visceral Obesity and Post-Operative Complications.
• Weight Loss by Low-Calorie Diet Versus Gastric Bypass Surgery in People with Diabetes Results in Divergent Brain Activation Patterns.
• Sex Disparity in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery Outcomes.

Drugs

• Meta-analysis: Efficacy and Safety of the New Appetite Suppressant, Liraglutide.
• "Our work provides insights into the molecular mechanism by which this [omega-3 fatty acid] transporter mediates the uptake of lysolipids into the brain, and has the potential to aid in the delivery of neurotherapeutic agents."

Food & Diet

• Healthy Eating Index Patterns in Adults by Sex and Age Predict Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.
• Intake Duration of Anthocyanin-Rich New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Affects Metabolic Responses During Moderate Intensity Walking Exercise in Adult Males.
• An Experimental Study on Influence of Plate Size on Actual and Perceived Energy Intake Among Undergraduates in a Public University, Malaysia.

Caloric and Dietary Restriction

• Are Metabolic Adaptations to Weight Changes an Artifact?
• "Dietary methionine restriction [using oxidized casein] improves biomarkers of metabolic health."

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Meta-analysis: Effectiveness of Interventions to Maintain Device-Measured Physical Activity Behavior.
• Secondary Analysis: Yoga in Women with Abdominal Obesity – Do Lifestyle Factors Mediate the Effect?
• Temporal Patterns of Physical Activity in Successful Weight Loss Maintainers.

Economics & Sociology

• The Shifting Income-Obesity Relationship: Conditioning Effects from Economic Development and Globalization.
• Book Chapter: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Body Size.

Epidemiology

• Life-Course Trajectories of Weight and Their Impact on the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes.
• Association of Obesity with Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19.
• Visceral Fat Obesity Is the Key Risk Factor for the Development of Reflux Erosive Esophagitis in 40–69-Years Subjects.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Review: Gut Peptide Regulation of Food Intake – Evidence for the Modulation of Hedonic Feeding.
• Inter-Individual Body Mass Variations Relate to Fractionated Functional Brain Hierarchies.
• "...our results emphasize the role of increased cue reactivity and craving at the sight of palatable foods in individuals with obesity and binge eating disorder."

Equity and Disparities

• Racial/ethnic Differences in Dietary Intake [in Response to Acute Stress] Among a Diverse Sample of Adolescents.
• Associations between Current Versus Chronic Obesity Since Adolescence and Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Among Young Adult Women.
• Socioeconomic Inequalities in 29 Childhood Diseases: Evidence from 1,500,000 Children.
• The Women's Leadership Gap in Diabetes: A Call for Equity and Excellence.
• Inequity in Racial-Ethnic Representation in RCTs of Diabetes Technologies in Type 1 Diabetes: Critical Need for New Standards.
• Brief report: Examining the Factors Affecting High Diabetes Rates in Southern States.

Stigma

• Systematic Review: The Association between Obesity and Social Isolation as Well as Loneliness in the Adult Population.
• Exposure to Negative Weight Talk from Family Members Is Associated with Weight Bias Internalization in Children.
• Preferences and Emotional Response to Weight-Related Terminology Used by Healthcare Professionals to Describe Body Weight in People Living with Overweight and Obesity.

Policy Related

• Food for Thought: A Natural Language Processing Analysis of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Public Comments.
• Addressing Weight Stigma and Anti-Obesity Rhetoric in Policy Changes to Prevent Eating Disorders.

Intergenerational Effects

• Meta-analysis: Effects of Maternal Exercise During Pregnancy on Perinatal Growth and Childhood Obesity Outcomes.
• Review: "The data reviewed here suggest that pre-conception [overweight/ obesity] intervention strategies should shift from women to couples..."
• Maternal Diabetes and Fetal Cardiac Output.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Dissertation: Effects of Weather, Parental Behavioral Plasticity, and Life History Traits on Offspring Growth, Development, and Energy Expenditure in Songbirds.
• Higher Diet Quality Relates to Decelerated Epigenetic Aging.

Methods

• Introduction to the SIMPLE Macro, a Tool to Increase the Accessibility of 24-Hour Dietary Recall Analysis and Modeling.
• Increasing the Availability and Utilization of Reliable Data on Population Micronutrient Status Globally.

Commentary

• Living with Obesity: The People Who are Hard-Wired to Store Fat.
• Focusing on a Single Cog in the Vast Obesity Machine.
• The Obesity Wars and the Education of a Researcher: A Personal Account.
• The Wellness Scam Impervious to Facts.
• What Is a BMI Calculator? How Do I Calculate My BMI? Benefits of a BMI Calculator.
• The Seeds of Change – Food Thoughts from Food Systems Heroes.
• Science, Sentiment, and 38,368 Guideline Comments.

General

• When Scientists Get It Wrong (Science Friday Audio on Self-Correction).
• As Science Advances, Does Ockham’s Razor Still Apply?
• ‘We Need to Talk’: Ways to Prevent Collaborations Breaking Down.
• ELife and Medicine: Rigorous Review and Editorial Oversight of Clinical Preprints.
• Psychological Safety - Fad or Fundamental?
• Case report: Medical Decision Making About Long-Term Artificial Nutrition After Severe Stroke.
• Researchers Identify Microbe That Protects Bees from Fungal Infections.
• Monochorionic Dizygotic Twins Conceived Spontaneously Showed Chimerism in Karyotype and Blood Group Type.

Video & Audio

• 2021 Understanding Nutrition Science Video Contest Winners.

Announcements

• ObesityWeek 2021 Registration Open.
• Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior (SNEB) Annual 2021 Conference Registration Open.
• Nutrition Science Tenure/Tenure-Track: Full/Associate/Assistant Professor Search.
• Nutrition Science Non-Tenure-Track: Clinical Full/Associate/Assistant Professor; Senior Lecturer/Lecturer Search.
• Short Course: The Mathematical Sciences in Obesity Research: Friday, July 23rd to Friday, August 13th, 2021.
• Short Course: Strengthening Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research: Friday, September 10th to Friday, October 1st, 2021.

Featured

• Fat Mass Loss Correlates with Faster Disease Progression in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients: Exploring the Utility of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in a Prospective Study.
• Depletion of the Gut Microbiota Differentially Affects the Impact of Whey Protein on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Intestinal Permeability in Mice.
• Loss-Of-Function Mutations in the Melanocortin 4 Receptor in a UK Birth Cohort.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Changing the Living Environment Cuts Obesity in Children.
• Preprint: Differences in (Not Necessarily Effects On) Obesity Trends for Areas That Did and Did Not Adopt JOGG Program. (Note: No Study Directly Cited in News Articles).

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: Few If Any Significant Effects of School-Based Health Behavioral Intervention on Awareness, Practice Pattern of Healthy Lifestyle, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among School Children of Shimla.
• RCT: "...an automated behavioral intervention using workplace cafeteria data improved employees' food choices but did not prevent weight gain over 2 years."
• RCT: "The trial found no effect on swallowing safety in HNC undergoing radiotherapy..."
• RCT: No Compelling Evidence of Differential Effects of Endurance and Endurance-Strength Training on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Markers in Women with Abdominal Obesity.
• RCT: No Significant Effects of Spirulina Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices, Blood Pressure.
• RCT: A Single Bout of Hybrid Intradialytic Exercise Did Not Affect Left-Ventricular Function in Exercise-Naïve Dialysis Patients.
• RCT: Null Effects of Chokeberry Juice in Football Players.
• RCT: No Significant Effects of Childhood Probiotics and Calcium Supplementation on Height and Weight at Adolescence in Total Sample.

Basic

• Mutation of the Novel Acetylation Site at K414R of BECN1 Is Involved in Adipocyte Differentiation and Lipolysis.
• Perilipin 5 Links Mitochondrial Uncoupled Respiration in Brown Fat to Healthy White Fat Remodeling and Systemic Glucose Tolerance.
• Four-And-A-Half LIM Domain Protein 2 (FHL2) Deficiency Protects Mice from Diet-Induced Obesity and High FHL2 Expression Marks Human Obesity.
• Probiotics Alleviate Adipose Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity by Restoring Adipose Invariant Natural Killer T Cells.
• SCFJFK Is Functionally Linked to Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome.
• Chronodisruption by Chronic Jetlag Impacts Metabolic and Gastrointestinal Homeostasis in Male Mice.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Retraction: Curcumin Ameliorates Atherosclerosis Through Upregulation of MiR-126.
• Does a Plant-Based Diet Really Help Beat COVID-19?
• Three Factors That Need to Be Addressed More Consistently in Nutrition Studies: “Instead of What?”, “In What Context?”, and “For What?”.
• Importance of Considering Sex and Gender in Exercise and Nutrition Research.

Clinical

• Integration of Patient-Centered Care in Nutrition Support Decision-Making: A Case Report.
• Are People with Metabolically Healthy Obesity Really Healthy? A Prospective Cohort Study of 381,363 UK Biobank Participants.
• Body Weight and Metabolic Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes on a Self-Selected High-Protein Low-Carbohydrate Diet.

Children and Adolescents

• Association between Childhood Consumption of Ultraprocessed Food and Adiposity Trajectories in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Birth Cohort.
• Influence of the Request and Purchase of Television Advertised Foods on Dietary Intake and Obesity Among Children in China.
• The Effects of Single-Sex Versus Coeducational Physical Education on American Junior High PE Students’ Physical Activity Levels and Self-Competence.
• Systematic Review: Facilitators and Barriers of Children's Participation in Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Interventions.

Surgery

• Metabolic Shift Precedes the Resolution of Inflammation in a Cohort of Patients Undergoing Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery.
• High Plasma Renin Activity Associates with Obesity-Related Diabetes and Arterial Hypertension, and Predicts Persistent Hypertension After Bariatric Surgery.
• Review: Intraoperative Monitoring of Patients with Obesity Undergoing Surgery.
• Depletion of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in RBCs and Changes of Inflammation Markers in Patients with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Gastric Bypass.

Drugs

• Prescription Medications to Treat Overweight & Obesity.
• Alkermes Wins FDA Nod for Combo Med with Antipsychotic Olanzapine — This Time Without the Weight Gain Red Flags.

Food & Diet

• RCT: Keyto App and Device Versus WW App on Weight Loss and Metabolic Risk in Adults with Overweight or Obesity.
• Impact of Dietary Carbohydrate Type and Protein–Carbohydrate Interaction on Metabolic Health.
• Olive Leaf Extract Prevents Obesity, Cognitive Decline, and Depression and Improves Exercise Capacity in Mice.
• Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Outcome of Low-Calorie Diet in Workers Presenting Obesity or Overweight: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Caloric and Dietary Restriction

• Calorie Restriction Conferred Improvement Effect on Long-Term Rehabilitation of Ischemic Stroke Via Gut Microbiota.
• Anti-Aging Effects of Intermittent Fasting: A Potential Alternative to Calorie Restriction?
• Hypothalamic Leptin Gene Therapy and Caloric Restriction Have Differential Effects on Energy Intake and Energy Partitioning in Adult Female Rats.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Meta-analysis: Effects of Regular Exercise on Inflammasome Activation-Related Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Older Adults.
• COVID-19 Lockdown Consequences on BMI and Perceived Fragility Related to Physical Activity: A Worldwide Cohort Study.
• Physical Activity and 4-Year Changes in Body Weight in 52,498 People without Obesity.

Economics & Sociology

• Book: Fat in Four Cultures: A Global Ethnography of Weight.
• The Distributional Effect of Education on Body Mass.
• Changes in Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance, Body Image, Eating Attitudes and Behaviours, Physical Activity, and Quality of Life in Students Before and During COVID-19 Lockdown.
• Changes in Health Behaviors Associated with Weight Gain by Weight Classification During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Epidemiology

• Assessing the Association between Relative BMI and Mortality.
• Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Menstrual Cycle Is Modified by BMI, Fitness and Physical Activity in NHANES.
• Obesity Prevalence and Risks Among Chinese Adults: Findings from the China PEACE Million Persons Project, 2014-2018.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Food Addiction Among Patients with Morbid Obesity: Prevalence and Links with Obesity Complications.
• High Fructose Corn Syrup-Moderate Fat Diet Potentiates Anxio-Depressive Behavior and Alters Ventral Striatal Neuronal Signaling.

Equity and Disparities

• Obesity Transition and Inequalities by Sociodemographic Factors in Korean Adults, 1998–2018.
• Association between Patients' BMI and Emergency Department Wait Times.

Stigma

• Weight-Stigma and Body Satisfaction Among Preschool Children.
• Measuring Social Processes Regarding Eating, Physical Activity, and Weight in Higher-Weight People: The Weight-Related Interactions Scale (WRIS).
• A Twitter Discourse Analysis of Negative Feelings and Stigma Related to NAFLD, NASH and Obesity.

Policy Related

• Calorie Labeling and Product Reformulation: A Longitudinal Analysis of Supermarket-Prepared Foods.
• Caring for US Children: Barriers to Effective Treatment in Children with the Disease of Obesity.

Intergenerational Effects

• Factors Associated with Longitudinal Changes in B-Vitamin and Choline Concentrations of Human Milk.
• Epigenome-Wide Association Study Reveals Methylation Loci Associated with Offspring Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Exposure and Maternal Methylome.
• Sex-Dependent Associations between Maternal Prenatal Stressful Life Events, BMI Trajectories and Obesity Risk in Offspring.
• Obesity in Pregnancy: A New Chapter in Obstetrics.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Sustainable and Personalized Nutrition: From Earth Health to Public Health.
• What Fuels the Fly: Energy Metabolism in Drosophila and Its Application to the Study of Obesity and Diabetes.

Methods

• A Web-Based Time-Use Application to Assess Diet and Movement Behavior in Asian Schoolchildren: Development and Usability Study of My E-Diary for Activities and Lifestyle (MEDAL).
• Estimating and Reporting Treatment Effects in Clinical Trials for Weight Management: Using Estimands to Interpret Effects of Intercurrent Events and Missing Data.
• Nutritional Markers of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: Findings of a Machine Learning Analysis with External Validation and Benchmarking.

Commentary

• Chile: A Model for Anti-Obesity Policies?
• Key Protein That Helps Explain How Obesity Leads to Type-2 Diabetes.
• Words with Weight to Test Emotions.
• Consider the Whole Picture When Discussing Infant Formula and Breast Milk.
• Losing Ground on Diabetes Control.
• Pandemic Shows Risk of Obesity, and Challenge of Weight Loss.
• “Life Is a Game of Turning Energy into Kids”.
• The Role of the Bisphenol a in Diabetes and Obesity.

General

• “If They Don’t Like You, They are Not Going to Eat for You”: Individual and Interpersonal Factors Affecting Certified Nursing Assistants’ Ability to Provide Mealtime Assistance to Residents with Dementia.
• What Is Your Estimand? Defining the Target Quantity Connects Statistical Evidence to Theory.
• A Scoping Review on the Use of Machine Learning in Research on Social Determinants of Health: Trends and Research Prospects.
• Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Information on Instagram: A Content Analytic Study.
• A Microscopic Animal Has Been Revived After Slumbering in the Arctic Permafrost for 24,000 Years.
• A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Demographic and Behavioral Risk Factors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Seropositivity Among a Sample of U.S. College Students.
• Podcast: Amanda Smith, M.D.: Diagnosing, Preventing, and Treating Alzheimer’s Disease, and What We Can All Learn from Patients with Dementia.
• NIH Should Boost Rigor of Animal Studies with Stronger Statistics, Pilot Studies, Experts Say.

Announcements

• Webinar: Best Practices for Using Animals in Aging Research.
• IU Among Top 100 Worldwide Universities Granted U.S. Patents.
• Nutrition Science Tenure/Tenure-Track: Full/Associate/Assistant Professor Search.
• Nutrition Science Non-Tenure-Track: Clinical Full/Associate/Assistant Professor; Senior Lecturer/Lecturer Search.
• Short Course: The Mathematical Sciences in Obesity Research: Friday, July 23rd to Friday, August 13th, 2021.
• Short Course: Strengthening Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research: Friday, September 10th to Friday, October 1st, 2021.

Featured

• RCT: Point-of-Consumption Interventions to Promote Virtuous Food Choices of Tourists with Self-Benefit or Other-Benefit Appeals.
• Restoration of Energy Homeostasis by SIRT6 Extends Healthy Lifespan [in Mice].
• Diet-Induced Obesity Impairs Outcomes and Induces Multi-Factorial Deficiencies in Effector T Cell Responses Following Anti-CTLA-4 Combinatorial Immunotherapy in Renal Tumor-Bearing Mice.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Teens May See Increased Torso Fat but Better Cholesterol with Tivicay.
• Pre-Post Study: 12 Month Body Fat Distribution and Metabolic Changes (Not Necessarily Effects) in 13 Adolescents Living with HIV Switched to an Antiretroviral Regimen Containing Dolutegravir.

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: No Differential Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation vs Placebo on Serum Anti-Inflammatory Factors in the Survivors of Breast Cancer with Lymphedema Following a Low Calorie Diet.
• RCT: No Apparent Moderating Effects of Four Genetic Variations on Changes in Physical Activity Level and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Response to a Life-Style Intervention.
• RCT: "Contrary to hypotheses, there were no significant differences in body satisfaction, shame, or future negative body talk likelihood across the four groups."
• "In overweight and obese pregnant women, we found no evidence that maternal dietary and/or lifestyle intervention during pregnancy modifies the risk of early childhood obesity."
• "In this 2-sample MR study, we did not observe evidence to support an association between 25OHD levels and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, or hospitalization. Hence, vitamin D supplementation as a means of protecting against worsened COVID-19 outcomes is not supported by genetic evidence."
• "This MR study does not support a causal protective role to circulate vitamin C levels on various types of CVD events. In combination with previous RCT results, our findings suggest that vitamin C supplementation to increase circulating vitamin C levels may not help in CVD prevention."
• "Contrary to our hypothesis, and contrary to generally accepted findings on isolated muscle preparations, residual torque enhancement in voluntary and electrically evoked contractions does not seem to depend on the angular amplitude of the preceding eccentric contraction."
• "Contrary to control cells, adipocytes of obese hyperglycemic and hypertensive mice, growing on glucose, did not accumulate lipids and demonstrated hormonal resistance being non responsive to any hormone applied."

Basic

• Depletion of Prmt1 in Adipocytes Impairs Glucose Homeostasis in Diet-Induced Obesity.
• Stk24 Protects Against Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disorders by Disrupting the NLRP3 Inflammasome.
• The Gut Microbiota Regulates Hypothalamic Inflammation and Leptin Sensitivity in Western Diet-Fed Mice Via a GLP-1R-Dependent Mechanism.
• An Intronic Risk SNP Rs12454712 for Central Obesity Acts as an Allele-Specific Enhancer to Regulate BCL2 Expression.
• Differentially Expressed Genes and Enriched Signaling Pathways in the Adipose Tissue of People with Obesity.
• A Dietary Ketone Ester Mitigates Histological Outcomes of NAFLD and Fibrosis Markers in High-Fat Diet Fed Mice.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Letter: Change to a Higher Carbohydrate Diet and Energy Expenditure Among Postmenopausal Women.
• Response: Reply to Prentice and Colleagues.
• Grading Nutrition Evidence: Where to Go from Here?

Clinical

• Meta-Analysis: Effect of Metformin on Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
• Weight Loss and Usage of an Online Commercial Weight Loss Program Delivered in an Everyday Context: Five-Year Evaluation in a Community Cohort.
• Lipids Activate Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Fission and Quality Control Networks to Induce Insulin Resistance in Humans.
• Protocol: Behavioral Weight Loss in Emerging Adults: The Richmond Emerging Adults Choosing Health (REACH) Randomized Clinical Trial.
• Protocol: The Daily Self-Weighing for Obesity Management in Primary Care Study.

Children and Adolescents

• Meta-Analysis: Association of Very Preterm Birth or Very Low Birth Weight with Intelligence in Adulthood.
• Changes in Total Physical Activity, Leisure and Commuting in the Largest City in Latin America, 2003-2015.
• Restrained Eating in Lebanese Adolescents: Scale Validation and Correlates.
• Sex Differences in Changes in BMI and Blood Pressure in Chinese School-Aged Children During the COVID-19 Quarantine.
• Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Low Serum Oxytocin Level are Associated with Hyperphagia and Obesity in Adolescents.
• "Greater total screen-viewing time at age 2–3 years is associated with higher abdominal adiposity at age 4.5 years in boys."
• "Differences between [self-reported and device-based measured physical activity] were significantly smaller in younger children than in the older age groups."

Surgery

• Meta-Analysis: How Does Fat Mass Change in the First Year After Bariatric Surgery?
• Time Course of Metabolic, Neuroendocrine and Adipose Effects During 2 Years of Follow-Up After RYGB in Patients with T2D.
• Long-Term Results of One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass: A Single Center Experience with a Minimum Follow-Up of 10 Years.

Drugs

• RCT: Semaglutide 2·4 Mg Once a Week in Adults with Overweight or Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes.
• Review: Pharmacogenomics of Medication-Induced Weight Gain and Antiobesity Medications.

Food & Diet

• RCT: Meal-Induced Inflammation: Postprandial Insights from the Personalised REsponses to DIetary Composition Trial (PREDICT) Study.
• RCT: Acute Consumption of a Shake Containing Cashew and Brazil Nuts Did Not Affect Appetite in Overweight Subjects.
• RCT: Acute Effects of Extruded Pulse Snacks on Glycemic Response, Insulin, Appetite, and Food Intake in Healthy Young Adults.
• Habitual Use of Fish Oil Supplements, Genetic Predisposition, and Risk of Fractures: A Large Population-Based Study.
• Trans-Palmitoleic Acid Reduces Adiposity Via Increased Lipolysis in a Rodent Model of Diet-Induced Obesity.
• Association of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Serum Level and Gene Rs10247158 Polymorphism with Anthropometric, Biochemical Parameters and Food Consumption in Patients with Overweight/Obesity.

Caloric and Dietary Restriction

• RCT: Effect of Probiotic Supplementation Along with Calorie Restriction on Metabolic Endotoxemia, and Inflammation Markers in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.
• The Good and the BAT of Metabolic Sex Differences in Thermogenic Human Adipose Tissue.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Systematic Review: Social Determinants of Health are Associated with Physical Therapy Use.
• RCT: Multi-Strategy Intervention Increases School Implementation and Maintenance of a Mandatory Physical Activity Policy.

Economics & Sociology

• RCT: Effect of a Smartphone App on Weight Change and Metabolic Outcomes in Asian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.
• Behavioral Economic Approaches to Childhood Obesity Prevention Nutrition Policies: A Social Ecological Perspective.
• BMI Is Just a Number: Conflating Riskiness and Unhealthiness in Discourse on Body Size.
• Cost-Effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery and Non-Surgical Weight Management Programmes for Adults with Severe Obesity: A Decision Analysis Model.

Epidemiology

• COVID-19 and Obesity: An Epidemiologic Analysis of the Brazilian Data: "Our analysis supports obesity as a significant risk factor for the development of more severe forms of COVID-19".
• Sex-Specific Relationship between Abdominal Obesity and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in the General Japanese Population.
• Estimating the Effect of Nutritional Interventions Using Observational Data: The American Heart Association's 2020 Dietary Goals and Mortality.
• Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber with 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population.
• Associations of the Neighborhood Built Environment with Gestational Weight Gain.
• Reproducibility and Associations with Obesity and Insulin Resistance of Circadian-Rhythm Parameters in Free-Living Vs. Controlled Conditions.
• Obesity as a Risk Factor for Accelerated Brain Ageing in First-Episode Psychosis-A Longitudinal Study.
• Tobacco Use Prevalence and Transitions from 2013 to 2018 Among Adults with a History of Cardiovascular Disease.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Food Addiction Comorbid to Mental Disorders in Adolescents: A Nationwide Survey and Register-Based Study.
• Association of Psychobehavioral Variables with HOMA-IR and BMI Differs for Men and Women with Prediabetes.
• Obesity, Putative Biological Mediators, and Cognitive Function in a National Sample of Children and Adolescents.

Equity and Disparities

• Association of BMI, Central Obesity, and Body Composition with Mortality Among Black Breast Cancer Survivors.
• Anthropometric Characteristics of Children Living in Food-Insecure Households in the USA.
• Research Brief: Identifying and Countering White Supremacy Culture in Food Systems.

Stigma

• Systematic Review: Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of Self-Reported Weight Stigma Measures.
• Adverse Childhood Experiences Associated with Greater Internalization of Weight Stigma in Women with Excess Weight.
• Do Weight Perception and Bullying Victimization Account for Links between Weight Status and Mental Health Among Adolescents?

Policy Related

• South Africa's Health Promotion Levy: Excise Tax Findings and Equity Potential.
• Health Policy and Public Health Implications of Obesity in China.
• Evidence of a Health Risk ‘Signalling Effect’ Following the Introduction of a Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax.
• Polyphenols and Obesity Prevention: Critical Insights on Molecular Regulation, Bioavailability and Dose in Preclinical and Clinical Settings.

Intergenerational Effects

• Prenatal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants and Early Infant Growth and Adiposity in the Southern California Mother’s Milk Study.
• The Association of a Low Glycaemic Index Diet in Pregnancy with Child Body Composition at 5 years of Age.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Diets Benefiting Health and Climate Relate to Longevity in Northern Sweden.
• Nutrition and Origin of US Chain Restaurant Seafood.

Methods

• RCT: Two Methods for Assessment of Choline Status in a Randomized Crossover Study with Varying Dietary Choline Intake in People: Isotope Dilution MS of Plasma and in Vivo Single-Voxel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Liver.
• Perspective: Application of N-Of-1 Methods in Personalized Nutrition Research.
• Reliability of GENEActiv Accelerometers to Estimate Sleep, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Time in Children.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• Review: Multicomponent Density Models for Body Composition: The Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Volume Approach.
• Preprint: Analyze the Impact of Healthy Behavior on Weight Change with a Mathematical Model Using the Harris-Benedict Equations.

Commentary

• Calories? The House Always Wins.
• Does Obesity Raise the Risk for Long COVID?
• The Origin and Evolution of the Paleo Diet.
• Perspective: The Saturated Fat–Unsaturated Oil Dilemma: Relations of Dietary Fatty Acids and Serum Cholesterol, Atherosclerosis, Inflammation, Cancer, and All-Cause Mortality.
• Wegovy Approved: Radical or Incremental Progress?
• Is There a Link between Sugar Intake and Cancer?

General

• Senolytics Reduce Coronavirus-Related Mortality in Old Mice.
• How to Make Sense of Contradictory Science Papers.
• Virtual Reality Platform Takes Travel Back in Time.
• The World Saw a Shark-Pocalypse 19 Million Years Ago, and We Don’t Know Why.
• COVID-19 & the Urgent Case for a Greater Focus on One Health.
• Rampant Tooth Loss Across 200 Million Years of Frog Evolution.
• Can Joy and Rigor Co-Exist in Science?
• Venom and Social Behavior: The Potential of Using Spiders to Evaluate the Evolution of Sociality Under High Risk.
• Scientific Publishing Needs to Embrace the Rapid Correction.

Announcements

• Applications Open: The Mathematical Sciences in Obesity Research Short Course: Friday, July 23rd to Friday, August 13th, 2021.
• Applications Open: Strengthening Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research Short Course: Friday, September 10th to Friday, October 1st, 2021.
• Webinar Registration: Better Mental and Metabolic Health for Vulnerable Populations.
• Position: Nutrition Science Tenure/Tenure-Track: Full/Associate/Assistant Professor Search.
• Position: Nutrition Science Non-Tenure-Track: Clinical Full/Associate/Assistant Professor; Senior Lecturer/Lecturer Search.
• Dr. Javier Rojo Joins the IU School of Public Health-Bloomington Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics as a Dean's Eminent Scholar.